农业经济可持续发展初探

随着经济全球化和知识经济时代的来临,人类对农业生产的认识在不断提高和深化,农业经济可持续发展已成为当今世界的热点问题。本文运用可持续发展和复合生态系统理论,采用生态学和经济学的基本原理和方法,立足农业资源条件及所存在的问题,围绕农业经济可持续发展这一主题,探讨持续农业发展的方向、途径和具体对策。     

家蚕18项血液生理生化性状的杂种优势分析

测定了家蚕 3对现行品种及其杂交种的 18项血液生理生化指标 ,计算其杂种优势指数。发现 13项指标呈正负超亲优势 ,其中 :葡萄糖含量有较高的正超亲优势 ;钙、无机磷及球蛋白含量与乳酸脱氢酶活性基本没有杂种优势 ;谷丙转氨酶等 8项性状表现正杂种优势的趋势较强 ;尿酸等 4项性状则表现负超亲优势的趋势较强。按代谢类型分 :蛋白质代谢相关的 9项性状中呈现正负超亲优势的有 5～ 8项 ,占 5 5 .6 %～ 88.9% ;能量代谢相关的 6项中有 2～ 5项 ,占 33.3%～ 83.3% ;脂代谢相关的 2项中有 1项呈负超亲优势 ,占 5 0 %。表明家蚕经济性状广泛的杂种优势有其普遍的生理生化基础     

Real-time Monitoring System of the Pump Station for High Press Water

With the development of industrial automation technology, the monitoring system becomes more and more important in the control system. The paper discusses the monitoring system design based on the pump station for high press water. At first, the paper introduced the base process and the control system of the pump station for high press water. The control system includes two parts: upper part and lower part. The control network consisted of some PLC controls the device in the system. Then the method of the OOP technology application to the monitoring system design are emphatically introduced and discussed. Finally, the paper briefly introduced the main function models and the key technologies.     

杂交油菜新品种臻油89的特征特性及高产栽培技术

臻油89是贵州省油菜研究所利用隐性核不育材料转育成的优质不育系与具有相同品质性状的恢复系配制成功的优质杂交油菜新组合.2010年12月13日通过贵州省第五届农作物品种审定委员会第七次主任委员会议审定(编号为:黔审油2010003号).本文着重介绍了该品种的植物学特征、生物学特性、品质性状、抗逆性、适应性,在贵州省油菜区域试验和生产试验中的产量表现及相应的高效高产栽培技术.     

选择对QTL连锁分析的影响(Ⅱ)

文章在侧翼标记下研究选择对于各标记基因型的频率、多基因效应等的影响,并探讨了利用各标记基因型频率的变化,在侧翼标记区间上检测QTL基因的方法。     

2,4D、KT对小麦成熟胚愈伤组织形成、分化的影响

以小麦新品种川农 17、12成熟胚为外植体进行离体培养 ,结果表明 :2mg/L 2 ,4 D有利于胚性愈伤组织形成 ,5mg/LKT有利于植株再生 (两品种植株再生率分别为 73 6 3% ,89 4 7% )。高浓度 2 ,4 D(4～ 8mg/L)虽不影响成愈率 ,但抑制植株再生。这种抑制作用能被KT拮抗。而KT的这种拮抗作用在 2mg/L 2 ,4 D条件下不能体现。     

Technology and Infrastructure Considerations for E-Commerce in Chinese Agriculture

Information technology （IT） was one of the most intensively studied and extensively applied technologies in the 20th century and its research and application will be even more accelerated in the 21st century. The impact of IT is more farreaching than any one may have had imagined, encompassing all facets and sectors of society. Economically, e-commerce generated more than $1.5 trillion in the US in 2004 and is projected to be 30, 15 and 2.6% of the total manufacturing, whole sales and retail sales in the US in 2006 respectively. IT research in agriculture has so far been particularly applied to such fields as precision farming and bioinformatics and in extension and farming practices. As such, its potential application in agricultural e-commerce has only begun to be explored. The United States Department of Agriculture has identified four different functions that e-commerce firms perform in the agricultural sector. They are： （1） information distribution, （2） input supply, （3） commodity trading floor, and （4） logistics/supply chain management. Unlike other industrial products, agricultural products are much more diverse and difficult to process and handle. For instance, fruits and vegetables are perishable and have to reach the market and the hands of consumers within a short period of time. One of the problems for IT applications in agriculture is the lack of standard measures in characteristics and quality of perishable produce and processing foods. Standards are pre-requisites for effective IT application and e-commerce. According to the Global Commerce Initiative, standards bring scalability, portability and affordability to the business process. Standards speed up the supply chain and reduce errors and protect technology investments and ensure system to system interaction and interoperability. Because the complexity of issues involved in standardization, the process of standardization must involve the input and discussion from all segments of the society. Being the largest agricultural country in the world and one of the most active trading partners in the international market, China must also be involved in determining the standards for both domestic and international trades. These measures are the necessary foundations for e-commerce in agriculture. In this paper, we provide a review of the technological development of standardization and coding that are prerequisites for IT application in e-commerce. This understanding is important for professionals in China to promote e- commerce in agriculture. Finally, we propose that a national committee to be formed in China, which includes IT experts from private sectors, academic professionals and governmental officials. This committee should consider the progress being made elsewhere in the world, the unique properties of Chinese commodities and appropriate business models to determine a set of standard measures that are transportable and communicable digitally in the world market for China＇s e- commerce in agriculture.     

植物乳杆菌α-半乳糖苷酶基因（melA）的克隆与序列分析

试验以L.plantarum1.557的基因组DNA为模板,通过PCR技术扩增α-半乳糖苷酶基因（melA）基因,PCR产物经纯化回收后克隆至pMD18-T载体中,转化E.coli DH5α感受态细胞,筛选阳性克隆,提取质粒进行SacⅠ和Sph Ⅰ酶切及PCR扩增鉴定,并对melA基因片段进行序列测定。结果表明,测得的melA基因序列全长2240 bp,含有酶切位点、启动子、SD序列及编码738个氨基酸的开放阅读框,理论分子质量为84 ku;4种核苷酸中GC含量为47.45%、AT含量为52.55%;序列中有3个碱基发生了变化,均为无义突变,未导致其推导的氨基酸的改变;序列测定结果与GenBank中登录的序列进行比较,核苷酸和氨基酸序列的同源性除与AY873840相比分别为96.6%和92.2%外,其余均大于99%。试验成功克隆了melA基因,为进一步构建重组表达载体奠定了基础。     

猪胃肠道微生物菌群的研究现状及调控技术进展

动物正常的消化吸收与其胃肠道内的微生物菌群有着直接的联系,而胃肠道微生物菌群与宿主胃肠道环境和宿主所处的外界环境密切相关,形成统一的整体.论文就猪胃肠道微生物菌群的组成和分布、胃肠道微生物菌群的作用、影响猪胃肠道微生物菌群的因素、动物胃肠道微生物菌群的研究手段及猪胃肠道微生物菌群的调控等五个方面进行综述,对进一步研究猪...