高校图书馆学科化服务现状与对策

分析了学科化服务的背景及特点,针对学科化服务的现状与问题,提出了图书馆应主动适应高校的学科建设与发展,组建一支学科馆员队伍,并建立快速信息推送服务机制。     

Effects of dietary macroalgae meal and lipid source on growth performance and body wall fatty acid composition of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

A 70‐day experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different macroalgal meals and lipid sources on growth, body wall composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Two macroalgal meals including Sargassum muticum (SM) and Gracilaria lemaneiformis (GL) and two lipid sources including fish oil (FO) and vegetable oil (VO) were formulated into four diets, i.e., S. muticum and fish oil (SF), S. muticum and vegetable oil (SV), G. lemaneiformis and fish oil (GF) and G. lemaneiformis and vegetable oil (GV). The results showed that the specific growth rates (SGR) of A. japonicus fed diets containing SM were significantly higher than those fed diets containing GL. No significant differences in SGR between the FO‐based and VO‐based groups were observed. Similar results were observed in the body wall lipid content. Most body wall FAs changed to resemble the dietary FA proportions because of the dietary effect. Concentrations of 20:4n‐6 of the SF and GF groups were significantly lower than the SV and GV groups, while levels of 20:5n‐3 and 22:6n‐3 were significantly higher than the SV and GV groups. The n‐3/n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratios of the SF and GF groups were significantly higher than the SV and GV groups. Moreover, the SF group had significantly higher 20:5n‐3 and 22:6n‐3 contents and n‐3/n‐6 PUFAs ratio than the GF group. These findings reveal that the SF diet can show beneficial effects on both growth performance and body wall n‐3 PUFAs content of A. japonicus.     

山药新品种‘桂淮6 号’

 ‘桂淮6 号’是从广西山药资源中选育而得。该品种早熟, 高产, 铁、锌含量高, 分别达20.2 mg/ kg 和12.0 mg/ kg , 薯皮鲜红色。     

大丽轮枝孢激活蛋白对小麦旗叶面积及其光合特性和籽粒产量的影响

为明确大丽轮枝孢激活蛋白（Verticillium Dahliae Asp-f2 Like,简称VDAL）对冬小麦旗叶面积、花后光合特性及籽粒产量的影响,于2017-2018和2018-2019年两个小麦生长季,以强筋冬小麦品种藁优2018为材料,在河北藁城设置大丽轮枝孢激活蛋白种子包衣,并在大田条件下设置春三叶（倒四叶）露尖（S3）、春四叶（倒三叶）露尖（S4）、春五叶（倒二叶）露尖（S5）、春六叶（旗叶）露尖（S6）以及孕穗期（SB）叶面喷施VDAL和全生育期不喷施VDAL（S0）6个处理,以不包衣且不喷施为对照（CK）,分析了VDAL对小麦旗叶面积、花后光合特性和产量的影响。结果表明,S4和S5处理显著（P＜0.05）增加了旗叶的长或宽,从而增大了叶面积。S4、S5和S6处理可以维持旗叶花后较高水平的净光合速率。各喷施处理的籽粒产量均有不同程度的提高,与CK相比,两年间S4处理的籽粒产量均显著（P＜0.05）提高,2018-2019年,S5处理的穗粒数和籽粒产量也显著（P＜0.05）提高。综上,采用VDAL种子包衣,并于春生4~5叶龄喷施VDAL,可以增加旗叶面积和旗叶花后净光合速率,提高穗粒数和千粒重,从而达到增加产量的目的。     

基于MaxEnt模型的新疆红枣生态适宜性与区划分析

【目的】 结合种植区资源分布现状,利用最大熵模型(MaxEnt)预测新疆红枣潜在适生区,为新疆红枣区域布局和种植结构调整提供有效的理论指导和依据。【方法】 以年降水量、花期降水量(5~6月)、成熟期降水量(9~10月)、年有效积温(≥10℃)、年极端最低气温和平均气温6个气候因子和绿洲灌溉区、沙漠敏感区2个土地因子及高程因子为环境变量,利用GIS空间分析技术获取新疆红枣地理分布数据,采用MaxEnt模型进行建模并预测新疆红枣潜在适生区,使用百分比贡献率分析其主要环境因子及生态位参数。【结果】 (1)ROC评价(Receiver Operating Characteristic,ROC)显示MaxEnt模型预测新疆红枣潜在适生区的训练数据集和测试数据集的AUC值分别为0.921和0.904,模拟效果优秀。(2)新疆红枣潜在适生区总面积2 365.939 7×10⁴ hm²,其中最适生区429.350 1×10⁴ hm²,主要分布于新疆南疆的喀什地区、阿克苏地区、和田地区、克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州,东疆的吐鲁番市、哈密市。(3)影响新疆红枣生长的主要环境因子是年极端最低气温(35.15%)、绿洲灌溉区(20.77%)、年有效积温(19%)和成熟期降水量(13.27%)。新疆红枣适宜生长在年极端最低气温≥-24.65℃,年有效积温≥3 595℃,成熟期降水量为0.54~7.64 mm,且绿洲灌溉区有助于提高其适生程度。【结论】 新疆红枣潜在适生区呈现环塔里木盆地聚集,低温是其最主要的影响因子。     

Blood Typing of Asiatic Black Bear (Ursusthibetanus)

In this study,we aimed to determine whether bear had different blood group systems.Whole blood samples were collected from 40 Asiatic Black bears in Fujian province,China.Tube method was used to detect antibodies in plasma,and antibody isotype was determined with 2-mercaptoethanol.Plasma was further analyzed by mass spectrometry.The plasma from four bears had antibodies,possibly IgM isoform,which could agglutinate RBCs from 30 bears.Blood samples from 10 bears were tested by human blood typing reagents.The results showed that 4 bears had blood type like human type O,while 6 bears had like human type B.Plasma protein had extensive homology to serum albumin-like isoform 1 found in giant panda (Ailuropodamelanoleuca).We suggested that Asiatic Black bear might have at least one blood group system with two blood types.If the sick bear needs blood transfusion,a cross-matching test was necessary.Moreover,giant panda might receive blood from Asiatic Black bear in case of emergency.     

覆盖免耕夏玉米耗水特性的研究

以无覆盖翻耕、无覆盖铁茬等常规耕作为对照,对覆盖免耕夏玉米的耗水特性进行了研究。结果表明耕作并没有大幅度增加或者减少夏玉米的耗水量,不同耕法夏玉米耗水量差异不大;同翻耕、铁茬等相比,覆盖免耕夏玉米耗水在时间和空间分配上有所改变,即覆盖免耕夏玉米前期耗水少,后期耗水量增加,蒸散量加大,而且覆盖免耕有效地减少土壤棵间蒸发,却增加了作物的蒸腾量,变非生产性耗水为有效耗水,有利于夏玉米产量和水分利用效率的提高     

广西不同小菜蛾种群对印楝素和阿维菌素的敏感性研究

室内浸叶法测定结果表明:广西不同小菜蛾种群对印楝素的敏感性差异较小,LC50值在0.07￣0.23mg/L之间,与敏感性最低的石埠种群相比,相对毒力指数为1￣3.29;对阿维菌素对的的敏感性差异较大,LC50值在2.08￣17.02mg/L之间,与敏感性最低的仁乡种群相比,相对毒力指数为1￣8.18。     

油菜菌核病发生流行与菌源量、气候因子关系分析及病情预测模型的建立

为探究油菜菌核病田间发生流行的影响因子并建立病情预测模型,采用田间调查法测定油菜田菌核密度、子囊盘密度、花朵带菌率,并分析了2008—2014年各气候因子与病叶率、成熟期茎秆病株率、病情指数之间的关系。结果显示,田间菌核密度、子囊盘密度、花朵带菌率与病叶率及成熟期茎秆病株率均呈极显著正相关;2月下旬至5月上旬日均气温及2月下旬至4月上旬日均相对湿度、降雨量及降雨天数与各年度成熟期病株率及病情指数均呈显著正相关,而日照时数与各年度成熟期病株率及病情指数均呈极显著负相关。以油菜盛花期花朵带菌率作为指标,可预测其田间成熟期病株率;以降雨量(x_2)、降雨天数(x_3)及日照时数(x_4)与各年度成熟期病株率(y_1)及病情指数(y_2)分别建立了预测模型y_1=15.47+0.07x_2+0.42x_3-0.03x_4和y_2=10.36+0.07x_2+0.38x_3-0.03x_4,其拟合度均最高,分别为99.07%和98.43%,可作为油菜成熟期茎秆发病株率及病情指数的预测模型。表明油菜菌核病菌源量和气候因子是影响病害发生流行的关键因子。     

厚皮甜瓜新品种银冠的选育

银冠是以自交系M5为母本,以自交系H3为父本选育而成的中熟厚皮甜瓜一代杂种。全生育期95 d（天）左右,果实发育期45 d（天）左右,植株生长势强,易坐果。果实椭圆形,果皮白色全网纹,果肉浅绿色,肉厚5 cm,中心可溶性固形物含量15 ％左右,肉质细脆,品质优良,平均单果质量3.5 kg,每667 m2产量4 000 kg左右,适宜甘肃省及同等条件甜瓜产区露地和保护地种植。