刈割强度对大针茅草原植物群落特征和土壤理化性质的影响

探究不同刈割强度对大针茅典型草原植物群落特征以及土壤理化性质的影响,可为大针茅草原制定合理科学的刈割制度提供理论依据。本研究以大针茅典型草原为对象,于2020年在内蒙古锡林浩特市毛登牧场刈割实验平台进行野外植被调查和取样。该实验平台于2014年建立,以不刈割为对照（CK）,设置轻度（LM）、中度（MM）及重度刈割（HM）3个处理。本研究通过计算物种重要值和多样性指数,测定植物群落地上、地下生物量以及土壤理化性质,探究群落特征与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明：1）与不刈割相比,不同刈割强度均增加了新物种,且中度刈割的物种数最多;与不刈割相比,不同刈割强度均显著增加了群落的丰富度和Shannon-Wiener指数,且轻度刈割显著增加了优势度和均匀度指数,表明轻度刈割最有利于群落多样性的维持;不同刈割强度对大针茅草原的生产力均无显著影响;2）土壤全碳、全氮和pH均在中度刈割时最高,且显著高于不刈割,表明中度刈割对土壤养分有积极影响;3）硝态氮是影响草地生产力的主要土壤因子,土壤含水量是影响草地群落多样性的主要土壤因子。本研究可为大针茅典型草原群落结构、物种多样性以及生产力等方面的研究提供重要参...     

猫源支气管败血波氏菌的分离与鉴定

支气管败血波氏菌是引起猫呼吸道疾病的主要病原之一,而对猫源支气管败血波氏菌的分离鉴定目前国内鲜有报道。本研究对上海市1例有咳嗽症状的德文猫鼻拭子样品进行呼吸系统相关病原PCR检测,并对鼻拭子样品进行细菌分离培养,对分离菌株采用K-B纸片法进行药敏试验,同时检测分离菌株对小鼠的致病性。结果显示：猫杯状病毒、猫疱疹病毒、猫衣原体、猫支原体均为阴性,支气管败血波氏菌为阳性,并分离到1株支气管败血波氏菌;分离菌株对头孢拉定、氨苄西林、强力霉素等9种抗生素耐药,对阿莫西林、卡那霉素、氟哌酸、复方新诺明、美罗培南等15种抗生素敏感;用分离菌株接种ICR小鼠,发现小鼠出现精神沉郁症状,但未出现死亡。结果表明：上海市猫群中存在支气管败血波氏菌感染,需关注免疫力低下人群被感染的风险;分离株对小鼠致病力不强,但对首选治疗支气管败血波氏菌病的强力霉素耐药,建议选用敏感药物进行防治。本研究为猫源支气管败血波氏菌病的诊断与防治提供了参考。     

小麦雄性不育系保持系过氧化物酶同工酶的比较研究

从小麦雄性不育系、保持系的10个不同组织、器官中共检测出8种过氧化物酶,在叶、芽鞘、根、节、节间、穗轴、叶鞘和芒中,不育系和保持系的过氧化物酶基本相同,说明这种酶由细胞核编码,但在花粉粒发育的3个不同时期,不育系与保持系间的过氧化物酶有明显差异,表现为不育系中的过氧化物酶同工酶多于保持系,这可能是由于不育系中细胞质不育基因对核基因的表达有调控作用,这种调控作用表现为不育细胞质基因的去阻遏作用,即不育细胞质基因可以去除细胞核中编码过氧化物酶基因的阻遏作用,使不育系中有更多的过氧化物酶基因得以表达,造成不育系中过氧化物酶同工酶多于保持系的现象.     

Study on Effects of the Reaction Conditions on Properties of Poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine)

The solubility and processability of polyaniline can be increased through aniline copoly with o-anisidine. Poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine) have good electrochromism .On condition that mole ratio between aniline and anisidine is 3:1,better reaction conditions of synthesizing poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine) with good solubility ,electrochromism and high yield was gotten through researches for effects of monomer ratio,monomer concentration,the amount of oxidant ,reaction times,reaction temperature,acid concentration on properties of poly(aniline-co-o-anisidine).The structure of polymers were characterized by IR spectrum.     

Full Aero-elastic Bridge Model Design of Long Span Arch Bridge

Aero-elastic model design is the precondition of full bridge aero-elastic model tunnel tests. The full aero-elastic bridge model design of long span arch bridge is discussed. The effect on the model design of different transverse rod space and bend stiff is analyzed in detail. Different scheme need to be designed according to the transverse rod stiff. Considering the changing section dimensional arches, the method of projecting the spatial arches to the plane arches, then designing the plane arches, at last projecting the plane arches to the spatial arches is proposed at first. The results show that the method is effective.     

Analysis of thermal stress in a water pipe of blast furnace copper stave

To solve the general problem that copper staves experience water pipe failure in blast furnace,the effects of constraints on the thermal stress distribution of copper stave water pipe are investigated by thermal-structural coupling analysis.In this study,a mathematical model of thermal stress of copper stave is established to analyze the thermal deformation and stress distribution of water pipe under subject to different types of constraints.The results show that the thermal stress on the root of water pipe is larger than others as the terminal of water pipe is free or being fixed.But the equivalent stress on the root of water pipe is just 45 MPa as the terminal of water pipe is free,which is lower than the yield strength of pure copper.The equivalent stress on the root of water pipe is about 272 MPa as the terminal of water pipe is being fixed,and exceeds the yield strength of pure copper.The water pipes should be flexible.The maximum equivalent stress is about 600 MPa as the water pipe is subjected to the constraint of shell,which is far beyond the yield strength of pure copper.The maximum displacement is located at the end of water pipe and is about 1.73 mm.Then the diameter of the hole should be 120 mm with taking installation error into consideration.     

Research Development of the Conductive Polymer Materials -PAN

According to the present research situation of conductive polymer materials- polyaniline (PAN) ,we reviewed the structure and properties of PAN, the effecting factors and the best conditions of electrochemical synthesis and chemical synthesis of PAN , the doping mechanism of PAN, inorganic and organic acid doping,secondary doping, the method of increase soublity and processability of PAN and the broad application of PAN. The development derection and prospect of PAN are pointed out.     

各向异性砂土剪切带角度的理论分析

针对平面应变条件下各向异性砂土剪切带角度的试验规律,采用传统的3种理论和分叉理论进行对比分析。将平面应变条件下剪切带角度的试验结果按照传统3种理论整理发现,尽管传统3种理论可以估算同种砂剪切带角度的极小、中间和极大值,但无法解释其各向异性规律。砂土在平面应变条件下破坏时会产生明显的剪切带,当剪切带方向和砂土沉积面方向接近时,会较早诱发剪切带的产生,使材料强度降低,造成了平面应变条件下各向异性强度规律明显不同于常规三轴条件下的试验规律,采用分叉理论结合各向异性模型则可以有效解释这个规律。随砂土沉积面角度的变化,模型可以从细观角度解释常规三轴条件下剪切带角度的单调变化的试验规律,结合分叉理论可以描述平面应变条件下其先减小然后增大的规律。通过几种理论对比分析表明,模型结合分叉理论不但能够描述多种应力状态下的平面应变和常规三轴应力条件下剪切带角度表现的不同规律,而且能够从细观角度解释其各向异性成因。