Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes From Leuctridae (Plecoptera: Nemouroidea): Implications for the Phylogenetic Relationships Among Stoneflies

The family-level relationships within Plecoptera have been a focused area of research for a long time. Its higher classification remains unstable, and the phylogenetic relationships within Plecoptera should be re-examined. Here, we sequenced and analyzed two complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Paraleuctra cercia and Perlomyia isobeae of the family Leuctridae. We reconstructed the phylogeny of Plecoptera based on 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) from published stoneflies. Our results showed that the Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood tree had similar topological structures except for the positions of two families, Peltoperlidae and Scopuridae. The Plecoptera is divided into two clades, the suborder Antarctoperlaria and the suborder Arctoperlaria. The two suborders subsequently formed two groups, Eusthenioidea and Gripopterygoidea, and Euholognatha and Systellognatha, which is consistent with the results of morphological studies. In addition, the Leuctridae is the earliest branch within the superfamily Nemouroidea. But the monophyly of Perloidea and Pteronarcyoidea are still not well supported.     

Variations of SOC and MBC observed in an incubated brown loam soil managed under different tillage systems for 12 years

To assess changes in organic carbon pools, an incubation experiment was conducted under different temperatures and field moisture capacity (FMC) on a brown loam soil from three tillage practices used for 12 years: no‐till (NT), subsoiling (ST) and conventional tillage (CT). Total microbial respiration was measured for incubated soil with and without the input of straw. Results indicated that soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) under ST, NT and CT was higher in soil with straw input than that without, while the microbial quotient (MQ or MBC: SOC) and metabolic quotient (qCO₂) content under CT followed the opposite trend. Lower temperature, lower moisture and with straw input contributed to the increases in SOC concentration, especially under NT and ST systems. The SOC concentrations under ST, with temperatures of 30 and 35°C after incubation at 55% FMC, were greater than those under CT by 28.4% and 30.6%, respectively. The increase in MBC was highest at 35°C for 55%, 65% and 75% FMC; in soil under ST, MBC was greater than that under CT by 199.3%, 50.7% and 23.8%, respectively. At 30°C, the lower qCO₂ was obtained in soil incubated under NT and ST. The highest MQ among three tillage practices was measured under ST at 55% FMC, NT at 65% FMC and CT at 75% FMC with straw input. These data indicate the benefits of enhancing the MQ; the low FMC was beneficial to ST treatment. Under higher temperature and drought stress conditions, the adaptive capacity of ST and NT is better than that of CT.     

甜樱桃新品种晓文1号及栽培技术

晓文1号甜樱桃新品种具有品质优、抗性强、丰产、稳产等特性,其对园地、砧木、授粉树、栽植密度及整形修剪等都有具体要求,生产中应把握好各项技术,以保证栽培的成功。     

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cervus elaphus Using AMELY Gene in Y Chromosome

In order to determine the genetic diversity in Cervus elaphus using AMELY gene in Y chromosome,200 blood samples from Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus,Cervus elaphus songaricus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis populations were collected and AMELY genes were sequenced in this study.The haplotype diversity of Y chromosome was analyed,phylogenetic tree was built to explore the genetic diversity and the paternal origins about Cervus elaphus.The results showed that:Cervus elaphus yarkandensis had the most variation sites and the highest nucleotide diversity.The genetic distance between Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and other Cervus elaphus were far.6 haplotypes were identified in this study,named as A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 and A6,respectively.Cervu elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis had separate haplotype.The NJ and ML phylogenetic trees showed that Cervus elaphus songaricus,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis clustered together which Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus kansuensis were form a department,separately.Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus yarkandensis clustered into one branches and there might be gene exchange among Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus kansuensis and other Cervus elaphus.     

优质高产棉花新品种鲁棉1157的选育及栽培技术

介绍了鲁棉1157 的选育过程、农艺特征特性、产量、品质、抗性及栽培技术要点。     

新疆兵团主要植棉区机采棉田杂草调查

采用倒置“W”九点取样法对新疆兵团北疆、东疆主要植棉师蕾期、铃期棉田杂草进行调查。结果表明：北疆第六师、东疆第十三师机采棉田杂草主要有16科31种，其中禾本科杂草占16.1%，阔叶杂草占80.7%，莎草科杂草占3.2%；1年生杂草占64.5%，多年生杂草占35.5%。北疆第六师蕾期棉田优势杂草为龙葵、野西瓜苗、田旋花、灰藜，铃期优势杂草为龙葵、田旋花、灰藜。东疆第十三师蕾期棉田优势杂草为灰藜、反枝苋、狗尾草，铃期优势杂草为龙葵、灰藜、反枝苋、田旋花。不同地区、不同生育时期棉田优势杂草有所差异。研究结果将为新疆兵团机采棉田杂草的科学可持续防控提供重要依据。