基于低碳与成本约束的机电产品包装概念设计

机电产品的包装需要耗费大量的原木,对环境造成了极大的影响,也增加了机电产品的生产经营成本。文章从低碳和成本约束的角度,对机电产品包装概念设计的模型进行了分析和探讨。     

Development of A Dual Real-time PCR for the Rapid Detection of Listeria monocytogenes

To establish a rapid assay for Listeria monocytogenes(LM) detection,a Real-time PCR method was developed targeting iap gene of LM.The results showed that the test for 15 bacteria strains,only LM was positive,indicated that the method had high specificity.In addition,the sensitivity of Real-time PCR was 6.5 CFU/mL.Stability and reproducibility of the test showed that the coefficient of variation for the same sample repeat the Ct values were less than 2%.Furthermore,a total of 3 positive samples for LM were detected from 139 clinical samples by the method,which was in accordance with the testing result by GB 478930-2010 standard detection protocol.Therefore,the Real-time PCR method provides a novel rapid,sensitive and good repeatability detection method for LM infection.     

Study on Fans Cooling of Dairy Cowshed with Free Stall in Northern Mountainous Region of Hebei in Summer

The present objective of the study was to investigate the effect of fans cooling on dairy cow in northern mountainous region of Hebei in summer.Two cowsheds with the same structure and feeding technics were used to investigate the effect of fans on indoor temperature and humidity, physiological parameters and milking performance of dairy cow.The results showed that the average ambient temperature in cowshed with fans was 1.5℃ lower than that of the control cowshed, and the average wind velocity was 0.49 m/s higher than that of the control cowshed, reaching to 0.66 m/s.Temperature-humidity index (THI) of cowshed with fans was significantly lower than that of the control shed during the period of fans running (P<0.05).Besides, the rectal temperature and respiration rate of dairy cows in cowshed with fans were significantly lower than of the control cowshed (P<0.05), and the milk yield per cow per day was 17.0% higher than that of the control cowshed (P<0.05), however, the milk fat, milk protein and milk sugar were no significant difference from the control (P>0.05).Overall, fans could decrease indoor environment, moderate heat stress and increase performance and health of dairy cows in northern mountainous region of Hebei.     

基于PSR模型的兰州市土地生态安全时空差异评价

研究了兰州市2006~2013年土地生态安全的时空差异。主要依据PSR模型建立评价指标体系,运用熵权法与综合评价法对不同时期兰州市及各县区土地生态安全状况进行分析。结果表明:(1)兰州市土地生态安全由2006年的"恶劣"状态转变为2013年的"良好"状态;(2)土地生态压力指数从0.176下降为0.145,土地生态状态与土地生态响应指数分别从0.063、0.160提升到0.295、0.290;(3)区域内空间分布差异较为明显,土地生态状态改善与响应增强主要集中在土地生态压力过大的地方。据此可知,兰州市土地生态结构和功能基本完善,已步入良好阶段,但是各县区土地生态空间分布差异较大。     

园林绿地刺吸害虫及其天敌时序动态及发生规律的研究

为有效保护园林绿地中的自然天敌,以园林植物刺吸害虫及其天敌为调查对象,采用黄板诱集法,研究了园林绿地刺吸害虫及其天敌时序动态及发生规律。结果表明:绿地中京枫多态毛蚜(Periphyllus diacerivorus)、栾多态毛蚜(P.koelreuteria)、居松长足大蚜(Cinara pinihabitans)和白皮松长足大蚜(C.bungeanae)的发生期早于桃粉大尾蚜(Hyalopterus arundimis),且5种蚜虫种群均在夏季高温和天敌共同作用下崩溃;瓢虫和寄生蜂类天敌对碧桃(Pruns perscial f.duplex)上桃粉大尾蚜及捕食螨对碧桃上山楂叶螨(Tetranychus viennensis)的跟随效应明显,而天敌对其它4种植物上蚜虫无明显跟随效应;施药虽可暂时降低阔叶植物上3种蚜虫的种群数量,却大量杀伤了害虫的天敌,停药后3种蚜虫仍爆发成灾,同时使6月后碧桃上山楂叶螨种群爆发和5月中旬后油松(Pinus tabuliformis)上针叶小爪螨(Oligonychus ununguis)种群数量较多。绿地中瓢虫、草蛉、食蚜蝇和寄生蜂类天敌的发生最高峰均位于5月下旬至6月下旬,除草蛉外,绿地中的瓢虫、食蚜蝇和寄生蜂类天敌在7—8月种群数量均极低。草蛉喜欢在五角枫(Acer mono)上栖息或搜寻寄主。     

Sintering of Magnetite Concentrates Without Carbon

With the goal of the sintering of magnetite concentrates without carbon,the effect of quality,inert atmosphere and Fe_3O_4 addition on microwave sintering of magnetite concentrates is studied.It is shown that: With the same basicity(CaO/SiO_2=2.5) and microwave heating condition(1000W,2.45GHz,20min),the centre temperature decreaseds with a increasing sample mass;There is no great difference between with and without inert atmosphere in microwave sintering of magnetite in a same microwave heating condition.When 100g sample(CaO/SiO_2=2.5) is heated by microwave irradiation(1000W,2.45GHz,20min),the more Fe_3O_4 is added,the less liquid phase is produced,which is bad for microwave sintering of magnetite concentrate.     

Phase Transformation Diffusion Bonding of Titanium Alloy to Stainless Steel

Jointing of titanium alloy and stainless steel is very often in the fields like aviation, chemical plants etc. The combination of materials has the advantages of both titanium alloy and stainless steel and will reduce the consumption of titanium resource. The phase transformation diffusion bonding of TA17 titanium alloy to 0CriSNigTi stainless steel are carried out on Gleeble - 1500D. The effcet of maximum thermal cycle temperature, the tensile strength, the fracture surface and microstruture of the joints are investigated. The results show that TiFe and TiFe2 intermetallics and some solid solutions are formed along the interface, when maximum thermal cycle temperature increase, the area proportion of intermetallics in the fracture surface increase, which are detrimental to the mechanical properties of the transition joints.     

Design of Data Acquisition System for Vehicle Based on CAN Bus

To the question that a meter is correspond with a set of lead and a sensor,this paper presents a design of data acquisition system for vehicle based on CAN bus.In this way,the combinatorial instrument is only connected by a bus unit.Author introduces the data acquisition structure chart and the CAN interface,analyzes the software by program flow chart,and shows it's application for vehicle virtual instrument.A method of calculating vehicle speed,engine rotate speed and the course of development mileage are also given.     

Wavelet Edge Detection Method Based-on Multi-scale Fuzzy Logic

A novel edge detection algorithm is proposed by implementing fuzzy image enhancement at different scales.The implement of this algorithm can reduce the negative influence bring from the non-maximum suppression algorithm which select only one threshold.The success of the approach depends on the selection of a general fuzzy operator(GFO) for the enhancement of contrast of region after smoothing of image at different scales.Consequently,it is more obvious that coarse intensity changes are obtained at a large scale whereas the fine details of intensity changes are obtained at a small scale.A pretty performance is obtained by used this work.