20种中药对奶牛乳房炎病原菌抑菌效果比较

乳房炎给奶牛业造成巨大的经济损失.尤其是隐性乳房炎,发病率高,不易治愈.据报道,在美国和日本等发达国家,2001年奶牛乳房炎的头阳性率高达50%,乳区阳性率为20%～30%;     

上海地区多种动物戊型肝炎血清学调查

在上海地区收集血液样品(猪、牛、山羊、马、鸡、鸭、鸽、犬和部分珍禽等)964份,应用双抗原夹心酶联免疫法(DS-ELISA)检测抗HEV抗体。结果表明,猪抗HEV抗体的阳性率为72.18%(301/417),其中母猪阳性率最高,为82.53%(222/269),育成猪阳性率为52.54%(62/118),保育猪阳性率为50.00%(15/30);22个猪场均检测到抗HEV抗体阳性猪,阳性率高于60%的猪场有16个,占阳性猪场的72.72%。在牛、山羊、马、鸡、鸭、鸽等血清中也检测到了抗HEV抗体,阳性率分别为6.00%,24.00%,16.00%,1.90%,12.77%和4.44%,明显低于猪群的阳性率。在宠物犬中检测到了抗体阳性犬,阳性率为17.82%(18/101),说明犬对HEV易感。珍禽中野鸭、火烈鸟对HEV也有一定的敏感性,阳性率分别为6.60%(1/15)和10%(1/10),在孔雀和鸵鸟的血清标本中未检测到HEV抗体。猪群中戊型肝炎病毒存在较普遍,其他与人类密切相关的多种动物也对HEV敏感。     

藏系绵羊KAP3.2基因多态性及其对部分经济性状的影响

采用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术,对高原型、欧拉型和乔科型3个类型共254只藏绵羊KAP3.2基因的部分序列进行多态性分析,并利用最小二乘线性模型研究了其多态性与体质量、毛长和产毛量性状的关联性。结果,3个群体藏绵羊在KAP3.2基因座上均检测到AA、AB和BB 3种基因型,高原型以A等位基因为主,欧拉型和乔科型以B等位基因为主。3个群体基因型频率均处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态,高原型和欧拉型达中度多态,乔科型为低度多态。测序表明KAP3.2基因271 bp处存在1个C→T的突变,属同义突变。体质量性状上,3类藏绵羊各基因型间均差异不显著;毛长性状上,3类藏绵羊AA基因型均显著高于BB型(P<0.05或P<0.01),而与AB型间无显著差异;产毛量性状上,3类藏绵羊AA基因型均显著高于BB和AB型(P<0.05)。结果表明,KAP3.2基因可作为影响藏系绵羊毛长和产毛量性状的分子标记。     

早熟禾不同品种根系分布及生物量分配对干旱胁迫的响应

为探讨早熟禾(Poa L.)不同品种根系生长状况、生物量分配与水分胁迫的关系,采用PVC管栽法,对布鲁克(Poa pratansis L. cv. Brooklawn)、英派克(Poa pratansis L. cv. Impact)和苏比纳(Poa supine Schrad. cv. SupraNova)3个品种进行干旱胁迫,测定了生物量、根冠比、根系密度、相对生长率等指标,分析了根、冠生物量分配及根系生长动态规律.结果表明:干旱胁迫对早熟禾3个品种的根、冠生物量累积和分配影响不同, 3个品种通过提高根干物质重量的分配策略来提高其抗旱能力的顺序依次是布鲁克、英派克、苏比纳;轻度水分胁迫有助于根系生长;3个品种相对生长率随着干旱胁迫程度的增加而降低,其中苏比纳降低最多;干旱条件下,土壤深层根系密度、根冠比增加的顺序依次为布鲁克、英派克、苏比纳.     

冷应激对新疆阿勒泰羊脂蛋白脂酶mRNA表达的影响

为研究冷应激对阿勒泰羊脂蛋白脂酶(lipoprotein lipase,LPL)mRNA表达的影响,试验分别采集冷应激前与冷应激后阿勒泰羊6个部位的组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测各组织中LPL mRNA的表达水平,分析其在不同部位中表达的变化.结果显示,阿勒泰羊LPL mRNA表达量在冷应激后显著或极显著升高(P<0.05;P<0.01),其中颈部肌间脂肪和尾部脂肪冷应激后表达量最高.表明阿勒泰羊在低温下脂肪组织的动员能力较强,使机体产热增加,以抵抗冷应激.     

饲料因素对鸡蛋风味的影响及其改善措施

随着畜牧业的快速发展,畜产品供应日益充裕,人们对畜产品的质量要求不断提高,其安全性、营养性及风味等逐渐成为消费者关注的热点。本文综述了形成鸡蛋风味的前体物质、影响鸡蛋风味的饲料因素及改善鸡蛋风味的措施,旨在为相关研究提供参考。     

《饲料质量分析与品质检测》课程实验考核模式改革与实践

针对《饲料质量分析与品质检测》课程实验长期以来考核方式存在的弊端,尝试通过教学改革建立一套能够有效反映学生学习成绩的科学合理、公平公正的实验课考核模式。实践表明,学生从思想上转变了对实验课的认识．极大地提高了学生的积极性、主动性及分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

Research Lactobacillus rhamnosusFermented Herbal and Bacillus subtilis Complex on Immune Performance,E.coli Infection of Broiler

This experiment was designed to study the complex of Lactobacillus rhamnosus fermented herbal and Bacillus subtilis on White Feather broiler immunity performance and impact of Escherichia coli infection.360 one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 30 chickens per replicate.The pretrial period lasted for 7 d,and the experiment lasted for 35 d.The chickens in the group Ⅰ(positive control group) and group Ⅱ(negative control group)were all only fed a basal diet,group Ⅲ was test group,by additive 1% fermented herbal preparations,groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL E.coli at 35 d,broiler mortality,immune organ index,cecalmicroflora content,immunoglobulin levels,IL-2 and IL-6 content were tested.The results showed that injection of E.coli caused massive death of chickens,group Ⅱtook up to 75.00%,it was significantly higher than groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P < 0.05),the mortality in group Ⅲ was significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P < 0.05),was only 23.33%.Injection of E.coli maked spleen index and thymus index of group Ⅱincreased significantly (P < 0.05),the spleen index and thymus index of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ were no significant difference (P > 0.05).E.coli counts was significantly decreased after injectionin group Ⅲ (P < 0.05),but the number of intestinal Lactobacilli of group Ⅲ was significantly increased (P < 0.05),and inhibited the propagation of E.coli,the counts of E.coli in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ were no significant difference (P > 0.05).At 42 d,the sIgA of the intestinal fluid in group Ⅲ were higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ with 11.99% and 36.56%,respectively(P < 0.05).The serum IgG concentrations of group Ⅲ was higher than that of groupsⅠand Ⅱwith 14.68% and 28.15%,respectively(P < 0.05).At 42 d,the IL-2 content of group Ⅱ was the lowest,it was significantly lower than group Ⅲ(P < 0.05),the IL-6 of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than group Ⅱ(P < 0.05).     

山羊子宫内膜基质细胞对上皮细胞IL-18分泌活性的调节作用

为了探究性腺激素作用下山羊子宫内膜上皮细胞（EEC）中白细胞介素-18（IL-18）的分泌活性,以及子宫内膜基质细胞（ESC）对其分泌活性的调节作用。基于套皿共培养永生化山羊EEC和ESC为体外研究模型,通过ELISA和Western blot方法检测E2和/或P4对EEC中IL-18分泌水平的作用以及ESC对该作用的影响。ELISA结果显示,E2较无激素对照组可显著增强单独培养EEC中IL-18的分泌水平（P〈0.05）,P4单独或与E2联合作用则进一步增强其分泌活性（P〈0.01）;EEC与ESC共培养模式下,ESC细胞对性激素作用下EEC中IL-18分泌活性具有显著的抑制作用。Western blot结果显示,在单独培养或与ESC共培养模式下,EEC培养上清液中IL-18均以相对分子质量大小18 300的具有生物活性的蛋白形式存在。本研究结果表明,山羊ESC对性腺激素作用下EEC中IL-18的分泌活性具有重要调节作用。     

Development of Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay Detection Method for Foot-and-mouth Disease Virus

In this article, through the combination of nucleic acid probes and immune chromatography, a simple, sensitive and specific detection system——nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) for amplifing foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) 3D RT-PCR products was established.An ultrasensitive nucleic acid biosensor (NAB) based on streptavidin-labeled gold nanoparticles dual labels and lateral flow strip biosensor (LFSB) were used in this system.The biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG was marked to the NC membrane as the alleged strip and the anti-digoxin antibody was labeled to the NC membrane to capture the digoxin probe.After assemblying gold-labeled strip and detecting RT-PCR products, the detection limit of NALFIA was 0.3×10^-3 to 3×10^-3 μg/μL.The NALFIA was compared with agar gel electrophoresis analysis, the results showed that the sensitivity of NALFIA was higher than agar gel electrophoresis.There was an excellent agreement between the two methods.NALFIA was a method with high sensitive, low cost and short time.In conclusion, this method provided a good alternative to detect FMDV.