玉米花期不同种质资源耐热性鉴定与分析

在大田自然环境下,调查花期常温对照与高温逆境下64份不同玉米种质资源的子粒产量、百粒重、结实率、结实粒数等产量性状。结果表明,高温胁迫导致玉米结实粒数减少,结实率降低,最终导致子粒产量下降,而且种质间的耐热性存在显著差异,且年份对耐热性也有显著影响。利用主成分分析和模糊隶属函数法对所有种质的耐热性进行综合评价,结果表明,子粒产量、结实粒数、结实率及百粒重可作为评价玉米自交系花期耐热性的主要指标。通过聚类分析筛选出5个耐热型自交系NL001、PHPR5、CR14、CLWN240和PF5411-1,可为培育耐热玉米新品种提供新的种质资源。     

澳大利亚、中国和泰国的热带地区的土壤化学退化的量化及修复

Soil and land degradation in the tropics can be identified and described in terms of physical,chemical,and biological changes from its pristine state brought about by natural and anthropogenic influences.A characteristic of these ecosystems is their capacity to recycle nutrients through soil organic matter(SOM). Following disturbance through changed land management.SOM is rapidly mineralized and there is a cor responding decline in fertility and the variable charge component of the cation exchange capacity.As these ecosystems are strongly dependent on SOM for their functionality,changed land use can have irreversible impacts on the productivity of these systems.The paper focuses on quantifying chemical degradation throughbenchmaking using data from paried sites in tropical China and Thailand using surface charge finger printing.Using values taken from the fingerprint of an undistubed soil,an index of chemical degradation from ideality was calculated.Various management stratgeies that attempt to reverse degradative trends or improve poor quality soils in their natural condition are discussed.such as the ddition of natural clays and silicated materials.Results are present to whow the effect of each of the aforementional strategies on surface charge characteristics and associated increases in plant productivity.     

旱作条件下冰草属5种牧草农艺性状的评价

摘要：为了筛选出优良的牧草材料用于寒冷的干旱与半干旱地区草地改良与建设,研究对不同来源冰草属Agropyron的5种牧草进行农艺性状评价比较。试验结果表明：所有供试材料均能完成全生育期,年均生育时间119124 d,越冬率高达93%以上;同时供试材料间各项测试性状也有显著差异。综合考虑鲜草、干草及种子产量等指标,供试的5种牧草中,采自河北的冰草A.cristatum表现第一,来自美国的细茎冰草A.trachycaulum表现第二,而来自山西的光穗冰草A.cristatum 、美国的沙生冰草A.desertorum、甘肃的蒙古冰草A.mongolicum表现一般。     

不同退化程度草甸草原土壤理化性质与地上生物量的关系

针对草原生态系统日益恶化的趋势,对呼伦贝尔不同退化程度草甸草原土壤的理化性质与地上生物量的关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明:土壤含水量、土壤磷、土壤速效氮、土壤有机质、地上生物量随着退化程度的增加显著下降,土壤钾、土壤容重(10²0 cm)随着退化程度的增加而显著提高。土壤铵态氮和土壤容重(020 cm)随着退化程度的增加而显著提高。土壤铵态氮和土壤容重(0¹0 cm)没有规律性变化,且土壤含水量、土壤容重、土壤有机物、铵态氮、速效氮、钾在不同退化程度之间都具有不同显著性差异。     

一年生南方型杨树用作纤维材的研究

以湖北省广泛栽培的11个杨树优良品种为研究对象，对苗圃一年生截杆幼苗用于纤维材的可行性进行了分析，对影响一年生纤维材质量的主导因素进行了评价，并对参试品种培育一年生纤维材的优劣进行了综合评定与排序。结果表明：杨树苗圃一年生幼苗的纤维形态指标与各种主要化学成分含量符合纤维材的要求，培育杨树一年生纤维材在技术指标上可行，经济上合理，并具有良好的社会基础；苗木根系年龄对纤维长度的影响很小，而品种是影响一年生纤维材质量的主导因素；中嘉2号、中潜2号、辽河杨、中嘉5号、中天1号、鲁山杨、中嘉8号及天寅杨等是一年生纤维材定向培育的较好品种。     

福建沿海牡蛎养殖群体的多重种类特异性PCR分析和形态参数比较

应用多重种类特异性PCR方法对福建沿海养殖牡蛎的6个自然苗群体（福鼎FD、连江LJZ、福清FQ、莆田门、石狮SSZ、厦门XM）和4个人工苗群体（宁德ND、连江LJR、石狮SSR、诏安ZA）进行种类鉴定,并应用方差分析和Tukey多重比较对10个养殖群体的4个壳形态参数进行比较分析。每个群体随机选取30个个体,共分析10个养殖群体300个个体。多重种类特异性PCR分析结果显示,自然苗群体中共发现熊本牡蛎17个,其余为葡萄牙牡蛎;人工苗群体均为葡萄牙牡蛎。福建沿海养殖牡蛎种类为葡萄牙牡蛎和熊本牡蛎,其中葡萄牙牡蛎为优势种类。应用方差分析和Tukey多重比较分析结果表明,葡萄牙牡蛎的壳形态参数明显大于熊本牡蛎;FD和SSZ群体间差异不显著（P〉0．05）,SSR和xM群体间差异不显著（P〉0．05）;FD与FQ、ND和LJR群体间差异显著（P〈0．05）。     

端正育种方向 调整育种策略 保证麦类育种不断取得成功

石河子大学农学院农学系麦类作物育种课题开展研究40多年来,不断总结经验教训,逐渐端正育种方向,经常调整育种策略与技术路线,使麦类育种取得显著成绩,自1997年以来先后自育成功或引种成功春小麦、啤酒大麦及小黑麦新品种16个,均通过新疆维吾尔自治区品种审定委员会审定或登记。     

Effects of endothelial progenitor cell-conditioned medium on proliferation and differentiation of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells exposed to hyperoxia

AIM: To investigate the effect of hyperoxia exposure on the paracrine function of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and to explore the effects of paracrine factors of EPCs on the proliferation and differentiation of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells (AECⅡ) exposed to hyperoxia. METHODS: Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured in EGM-2MV medium for 7~10 d to obtain and identify EPCs. EPCs were cultured in room air (RA) or 60% O₂. The normoxia EPC-conditioned medium (E-CM-RA) and hyperoxia EPC-conditioned medium (E-CM-O₂) were collected. The levels of VEGF, FGF10, PDGF-BB and EGF in E-CM-RA and E-CM-O₂ were detected by ELISA. AECⅡ from adult rats were isolated, purified and cultured for 2 d, then divided into RA group, O₂ group, O₂+E-CM-RA group and O₂+E-CM-O₂ group. The proliferation of AECⅡ was detected by MTT assay and cell counting. The mRNA expression of SP-C and AQP5 was quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS: The expression of VEGF and FGF10 in E-CM-O₂ group decreased significantly compared with E-CM-RA group (P<0.01). There were significant differences in AECⅡ viability and number among the 4 groups at 12 h, 24 h, 2 d and 3 d (P<0.01). Compared with RA group, AECⅡ viability and number in O₂ group decreased significantly at 12 h, 24 h, 2 d and 3 d (P<0.05). The AECⅡ viability and number in O₂+E-CM-RA group were significantly higher than those in O₂ group at 12 h, 24 h, 2 d and 3 d (P<0.05). However, no significant difference in AECⅡ viability and number between O₂+E-CM-O₂ group and O₂ group at 12 h, 2 d and 3 d was observed. There were significant differences in the mRNA expression of SP-C and AQP5 in the 4 groups at 24 h, 2 d and 3 d (P<0.01). Compared with RA group, the mRNA expression of SP-C in O₂ group was significantly inhibited (P<0.01), but the mRNA expression of AQP5 was promoted (P<0.01) at 24 h, 2 d and 3 d. Compared with O₂ group, the mRNA level of SP-C in O₂+E-CM-RA group and O₂+E-CM-O₂ group (P<0.05) at 24 h, 2 d and 3 d was increased, and the mRNA expression of AQP5 (P<0.01) at 2 d and 3 d was inhibited.CONCLUSION: EPCs secrete VEGF and FGF10, and hyperoxia impairs this paracrine function. Hyperoxia exposure inhibits AECⅡ proliferation and the mRNA expression of SP-C, but promotes the mRNA expression of AQP5. EPC-conditioned medium improves the proliferation of hyperoxia-exposed AECⅡ, and inhibits the transformation of AECⅡ. Hyperoxia exposure impairs the paracrine function of EPCs, and weakened the effects of E-CM-O₂ on AECⅡ.     

河南省中低产田地区水资源生产潜

论述了河南省中低产田地区水资源生产潜力的开发途径。主要包括：实行节水灌溉及节水技术；建立合理的灌溉制度，以便改善农田水分状况，按农作物的需水规律进行灌溉；合理规划作物种植，提高农田整体水分利用效率；合理施肥，提高土壤肥力，以降低作物对水分的无效吸收等。     

犬低分化鳞状细胞癌的病理特点

运用病理组织学方法,观察了3例犬低分化鳞癌的病理特点,结果显示,在犬低分化鳞状细胞癌组织中,癌细胞类似于棘细胞、基底细胞,癌组织中形成癌腔,在一些癌腔内可见角化不全细胞,无癌珠形成。癌腔是低分化鳞状细胞癌的病理特点之一,可作为诊断低分化鳞状细胞癌的依据。