简州大耳羊肌内脂肪细胞成脂分化差异表达基因的筛选与鉴定

旨在通过转录组测序技术获得简州大耳羊肌内前体脂肪细胞成脂分化前后的差异表达基因,并经生物信息学分析获得相关信号通路及可能发挥作用的关键功能候选基因。本研究以7日龄的健康简州大耳羊公羊为试验动物（n=3）,采用胶原酶消化法分离获得其肌内前体脂肪细胞;利用Illumina平台对肌内前体脂肪细胞和诱导分化5 d的肌内脂肪细胞cDNA样品（n=3）进行高通量测序;以|log₂fold change|>0和P<0.05为阈值筛选获得差异表达基因,并利用clusterProfiler R包对其进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集;最后利用实时荧光定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR）技术检测功能候选基因在细胞分化前后的表达量变化。结果显示,共获得差异表达基因7 916个,其中4 143个为表达上调基因,主要富集到氧化磷酸化、核糖体合成和三羧酸循环通路等305条通路;3 773个为表达下调基因,且主要富集到甲状腺激素信号通路等303条通路;差异基因GO功能注释中52.8%为生物过程、13.4%是细胞组成和33.8%是分子功能。qRT-PCR结果表明,UCP3、ACACB、ACOT11、ACOX3、APOA1和WISP2在分化前后的山羊肌内脂肪细胞中的表达趋势与RNA-seq结果一致,提示这些基因适合作为下一步研究的功能候选基因。本研究筛选得到简州大耳羊肌内脂肪细胞成脂分化的差异基因,并确认了6个基因可作为功能候选基因。研究结果为阐明肉用山羊肌内脂肪细胞成脂分化的分子调控网络提供基础数据和系统资料。     

木材中吸着水介电弛豫的扩散方程及其形式解

该文根据其作者提出的关于木材细胞壁无定形区域中吸着水的介电弛豫机构模型，就木材细胞壁无定形区域中吸着水的束缚能Ｕ和活化焓ΔＨ，束缚能Ｕ和含水率Ｗ之间的相关关系，束缚能的定量表达式，吸着水的总势能等方面作了一些讨论．在此基础上，依照Ｋｉｒｋｗｏｏｄ Ｆｏｕｓ理论，从Ｓｍｏｌｕｃｈｏｗｓｋｉ方程出发，建立了描述在介电弛豫过程中，木材细胞壁无定形区域中的吸着水分子切断同木材吸着点之间形成的氢键结合进行回转取向运动的扩散方程．同时，讨论了吸着水扩散方程在特定情形下的形式解     

稻纵卷叶螟颗粒体病毒亚致死作用对宿主生长、繁殖和生理生化的影响

稻纵卷叶螟颗粒体病毒(CnmeGV)是感染稻纵卷叶螟的专性杆状病毒。明确CnmeGV亚致死作用对稻纵卷叶螟生长发育、繁殖能力和生理生化的影响,为应用CnmeGV防治稻纵卷叶螟提供依据。CnmeGV 1×10⁵ OB/g浓度处理3龄稻纵卷叶螟幼虫10 d后存活幼虫虫体内仍普遍检测到CnmeGV的存在,从而产生亚致死作用。亚致死CnmeGV处理对稻纵卷叶螟的生长发育产生明显影响,主要表现在变态发育的化蛹、羽化和产卵过程,存活个体蛹重减轻了15.95%,羽化率下降了24.81%,产卵量减少41.5%,差异显著。同时雌雄性比从1.11下降到0.82。CnmeGV亚致死处理诱导幼虫能量代谢增强,中肠消化酶中淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性显著提高,而解毒酶中羧酸酯酶活性显著下降,谷胱甘肽转移酶活性显著提高。CnmeGV亚致死作用影响到虫体激素分泌,幼虫体内蜕皮激素、保幼激素水平较对照分别下降了4.59和5.62倍。CnmeGV亚致死处理雌成虫卵黄蛋白含量下降了40.63%,可能是导致产卵量降低的主要因素。     

Structure and characterization of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) wood/MMT intercalation nanocomposite (WMNC)

With water-soluble phenol-formaldehyde resin as an intermediate, Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) wood/montmorillonite nanocomposite (WMNC) was prepared through vacuum impregnation and characterized with XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG-DTA analyses. The XRD analysis indicated that the wood crystallinity of WMNC decreased, the MMT exfoliated and some nano silicate layers entered into the non-crystallized microfibrillar region of the wood cell wall. Wood structure is anisotropic and its impregnation is anisotropic. Due to the nonuniformity of the MMT organic modification, PF intercalation and wood impregnation, the MMT configuration and distribution in wood were diverse. The SEM graphs of WMNC showed that some silicate grains were blocked in the wood cell lumen, some silicate layers adhered to the inner surface of the wood cell wall, and some exfoliated MMT layers even penetrated the wood cell wall. The obtained hydroxyl of WMNC increased and its ether linking decreased. It was considered that MMT and wood interacted not only with hydroxyl bonds, but also involved some chemical linking. Compared with untreated wood and the PF-impreg, the pyrolysis process of WMNC changed; its starting decomposing temperature decreased and its pyrolysis weight loss at high temperatures greatly decreased. The WMNC indicated certain nanoeffects of the composition of the inorganic MMT nanolamellae. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2007, 29(1): 131–135 [译自: 北京林业大学学报]     

Experimental Study on, Small Span to Depth Ratio Coupling Beams withNew Reinforcement mewt Scheme and Design Method

Coupling beams combining two coupled walls are the primarily energy dissipating elements in the coupled walls and play a key role in improving ductility. It is proved by the test outcome at home and abroad that the shear failure happening early cannot be     

Response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) to soil and atmospheric water deficits under Mediterranean mountain climate

The physiological responses to water deficits of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens Willd.) were studied under Mediterranean mountain climate. Minimum leaf water potentials were ?3.2 MPa for oak and ?2.1 MPa for pine, with higher predawn values for pubescent oak. Relative sap flow declined in both species when vapour pressure deficit (D) went above ca. 1.2 kPa, but stomatal control was stronger for pine during the 2003 summer drought. P. sylvestris plant hydraulic conductance on a half-total leaf area basis (k _L,s?1) was 1.2–2.6 times higher than the values shown by Q. pubescens, and it showed a considerably steeper decrease during summer. Leaf-level gas exchange was positively related to k _L,s?1 in both species. Scots pine was more vulnerable to xylem embolism and closed stomata to prevent substantial conductivity losses. The results of this study confirm that pubescent oak is more resistant to extreme drought events.     

不同措施对酥梨园土壤水分和酥梨品质的影响

以45年生酥梨树为试材,分析测定塑料薄膜覆盖、树盘覆草、自然生草、定期灌水、清耕等不同管理措施对土壤水分和酥梨品质的影响,结果表明,塑料薄膜覆盖处理果个较大,果实的固酸比值较高,树盘覆草次之,且具有土壤水分变化幅度较小和省工、省时等优点。     

水杨酸对小麦愈伤组织CAT和POD同工酶的影响

分别用浓度为 5或 1 0 mg/ L的水杨酸处理河农 859小麦愈伤组织 ,发现它具有抑制 POD和 CAT活性以及小麦愈伤组织胚性细胞形成的作用 ,但 5mg/ L的水杨酸也诱导一种 POD出现     

东北地区几种主要木材的液体渗透性

为了定量评价东北地区几种主要工业用木材液体渗透性能 ,该研究采用常压和减压渗透实验方法 ,测定了东北地区 7种主要工业用木材液体渗透参数的经时变化规律 .研究结果表明 :①染料种类对木材渗透性能的影响很大 .主要受染料分子大小、染料溶液与木材的亲和性等因素制约 .②边材比心材易渗透 .③弦向渗透比纵向渗透难 ,比值范围为 1/ 3～ 1/ 2 0 .④减压渗透比常压毛细管压力渗透效果好 ,尤其对于弦向渗透效果明显 .⑤真空干燥处理的试件比高温干燥试件的渗透性好 .     

饱水和气干状态杉木的压缩成型及其热处理永久固定

该研究采用烘箱热处理和真空热处理方法 ,在热处理温度都为 180℃ ,热处理时间分别为 6,10 ,15 ,2 5h的条件下 ,研究比较了饱水状态和气干状态杉木试材的径向压缩成型特性及其在不同方式热处理条件下热处理永久固定的效果 .研究结果表明 :①在相同条件下 ,与气干状态杉木试材相比 ,饱水并经蒸煮的试材在压缩成型后 ,或经热处理后 ,其回复率Rs 较小 ,各项物理力学性质较好 ;②在热处理过程中 ,对照试材的重量损失率WL随着热处理时间的延长而增大 ,而且 ,WL与Rs 之间呈近似线性负相关 ;③在相同条件下 ,与空气介质中热处理相比 ,真空中热处理后试材的材色变化较小 ,但回复率较大