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101.
The effect of assembly and transit stressors on plasma fibrinogen concentration of beef calves. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
W A Phillips 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1984,48(1):35-41
Plasma fibrinogen concentration was measured in beef calves at various points within the system presently used to assemble, market and transport calves from one production point to another in order to determine the effect of the stresses encountered. A short haul of 160 km immediately after weaning did not significantly elevate fibrinogen concentration above the pretransit values. Yearling steers transported 400 km and confined in unfamiliar surroundings for 15 h did have an elevated (P less than 0.01) concentration of fibrinogen, but this increase was not significantly different from that of steers which were confined but not transported, thus confinement may be a significant portion of the stress associated with transit. The change in plasma fibrinogen concentration during assembly and transit was dependent upon the farm from which the calves originated. The magnitude of the change in fibrinogen concentration as a result of assembly and transit varied between the years studied. In one year pretransit assembly for ten days resulted in a higher fibrinogen concentration before and after transit than assembly for four days, but no difference was noted between the two groups in the second year. Bovine plasma fibrinogen concentration does increase in response to the stresses associated with assembly and transit. The stress of fasting and housing in unfamiliar surroundings also increase bovine plasma fibrinogen concentration and are present in the assembly and transit system. These two stresses may account for a majority of the stress associated with marketing and transit. The response of beef calves to the marketing and transit system varied between years. 相似文献
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104.
C M Wise A P Knight M J Lucas C J Morris R P Ellis R W Phillips 《American journal of veterinary research》1983,44(12):2221-2225
The inhibitory effect of salicylates on intestinal secretion in 1- to 5-day-old calves given Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (ST)-induced intestinal fluid response was investigated. Purified ST was diluted in isotonic saline solution to obtain 1:10, 1:25, 1:50, 1:75, and 1:100 dilutions. Each dilution (1 ml) was inoculated into ligated loops in the distal part of the jejunum of each calf. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) given orally (100 mg/kg) at 4 hours before ST was inoculated did not substantially alter the intestinal fluid response to ST. Sodium salicylate (IV) infusion, begun simultaneously when, or at 1 hour after, ST was inoculated, significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased fluid accumulation in those loops inoculated with ST dilutions of 1:25 or greater. The sodium and potassium concentrations of the accumulated fluid did not differ significantly between or within treatment groups. These results indicate that sodium salicylate infusion may be beneficial in treating enterotoxic colibacillosis in calves. Aspirin given orally at the dose used in the present study, would not have any beneficial effect. 相似文献
105.
J A Neser T Phillips G R Thomson M D Gainaru T Coetzee 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1986,53(3):133-141
Replicating and mature viral particles were detected with the transmission electron microscope in blood platelets of pigs infected with virulent haemadsorbing and non-haemadsorbing African swine fever virus isolates. Although platelet numbers decreased terminally in infected pigs, the most noticeable morphological damage to these cells apparent in the last 2 days of the disease included cytoplasmic swelling, vacuolation, fragmentation and loss of dense granules. 相似文献
106.
Protection of mice against Brucella abortus infection by inoculation with monoclonal antibodies recognizing Brucella O-antigen 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Monoclonal antibodies recognizing the O-polysaccharide portion of Brucella abortus strain 2308 provided BALB/c mice with passive protection against challenge exposure with the homologous strain. Numbers of colony-forming organisms in the spleen were reduced by IgM and IgG monoclonal antibodies. Active immunization of mice, using B abortus 2308S lipopolysaccharide, resulted in production of IgM antibody at 14 days. Clearance of organisms in the actively immunized mice after challenge exposure at 14 days was nearly identical to that in passively immunized mice. Mice either passively or actively immunized were effectively protected from 0 to 28 days. Bacterial colonization of the spleen was observed to increase in both groups of mice at 56 days and indicated that humoral responses were effective in eliminating the organism in the early stages of infection, but other immune mechanisms were necessary for protection of mice in the later stage of infection with virulent strains of B abortus. 相似文献
107.
Rebecca Lochmann Harold Phillips Konrad Dabrowski Regis Moreau 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2001,32(2):202-209
A 12-wk feeding trial was conducted in a flow-through system to determine whether juvenile golden shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas have a dietary requirement for ascorbic acid. Triplicate groups of 30 fish each weighing 0.44 g initially were fed semi-purified (casein) diets supplemented with 0 or 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg, or practical (fish meal) diets supplemented with 0 or 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg. The form of ascorbic acid used was L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate. Survival was higher in fish fed the semi-purified diet with 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg than in those fed the unsupplemented semi-purified diet, while weight gain did not differ between treatments. Weight gain was higher in fish fed the practical (fish meal) diet supplemented with 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg than in those fed the unsupplemented practical diet, while survival did not differ between treatments. No other signs of ascorbic acid deficiency were observed, but fish fed the casein diets had skin and fin erosion indicative of a possible bacterial infection. Whole-body concentrations of ascorbic acid (total, reduced, and percent of reduced ascorbic acid) were higher in fish fed semi-purified or practical diets supplemented with 250 mg ascorbic acid/kg than in fish fed unsupplemented diets. Golden shiners appear to require a dietary source of ascorbic acid for growth or survival, depending on experimental conditions. The two main differences in the study were in diet composition (semi-purified versus practical diets) and apparent health status of fish fed the different diet types. Additional studies are needed to define requirements further. 相似文献
108.
G A Anderson D L Phillips A S Waldvogel B I Osburn 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1989,1(1):45-49
The avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase technique was adapted for use in detecting bluetongue virus (BTV) antigens in BTV serotype 11-infected bovine fetuses. Fetuses were infected with BTV serotype 11 at 120 days of gestation and then removed 20 days later by Cesarean section. Blood and tissue samples were collected from each animal and used for virus isolation in embryonated chicken eggs, the immunofluorescent antibody test, and the avidin-biotin complex test. The avidin-biotin complex method successfully identified BTV antigens in both fresh and autolyzed fetal brains. Thus, the avidin-biotin complex immunoperoxidase method has potential as a possible procedure for diagnosing bluetongue disease in aborted bovine fetuses. 相似文献
109.
Turkey poults were offered ad libitum a diet containing 2.5 g salt/kg and tap water containing, 0, 90 or 105 mn NaCl to drink from 1 to 12 d of age. 2. High mortality with oedbema and ascites occurred mainly from 5 to 8 d in poults given the saline solutions. Mortality seemed to be related to salt and water intakes. 3. Plasma and body composition indicated abnormal retention of salt and water in poults younger than 12 d of age offered hypotonic saline. 4. In a second experiment using the same diet poults were offered hypotonic saline (105 mn NaCl in tap water) from 5, 9 or 13 d of age. High mortality with oedema and ascites was only observed when saline was given from 5 or 9 d. 5. The results suggest that from about 5 to 10 d of age there is a relative functional renal insufficiency which causes susceptibility to the toxic effects of saline water. 相似文献
110.