全文获取类型
收费全文 | 73210篇 |
免费 | 4192篇 |
国内免费 | 32篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 3173篇 |
农学 | 2397篇 |
基础科学 | 466篇 |
8669篇 | |
综合类 | 12016篇 |
农作物 | 2810篇 |
水产渔业 | 3521篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 38579篇 |
园艺 | 835篇 |
植物保护 | 4968篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 966篇 |
2017年 | 1073篇 |
2016年 | 1000篇 |
2015年 | 845篇 |
2014年 | 1046篇 |
2013年 | 2746篇 |
2012年 | 1944篇 |
2011年 | 2267篇 |
2010年 | 1533篇 |
2009年 | 1558篇 |
2008年 | 2321篇 |
2007年 | 2220篇 |
2006年 | 2035篇 |
2005年 | 1969篇 |
2004年 | 1846篇 |
2003年 | 1989篇 |
2002年 | 1806篇 |
2001年 | 2239篇 |
2000年 | 2190篇 |
1999年 | 1748篇 |
1998年 | 714篇 |
1997年 | 776篇 |
1996年 | 685篇 |
1995年 | 865篇 |
1994年 | 734篇 |
1993年 | 734篇 |
1992年 | 1493篇 |
1991年 | 1634篇 |
1990年 | 1602篇 |
1989年 | 1606篇 |
1988年 | 1493篇 |
1987年 | 1456篇 |
1986年 | 1536篇 |
1985年 | 1449篇 |
1984年 | 1270篇 |
1983年 | 1063篇 |
1982年 | 748篇 |
1979年 | 1171篇 |
1978年 | 887篇 |
1977年 | 840篇 |
1976年 | 799篇 |
1975年 | 829篇 |
1974年 | 1030篇 |
1973年 | 1070篇 |
1972年 | 1018篇 |
1971年 | 951篇 |
1970年 | 927篇 |
1969年 | 899篇 |
1968年 | 754篇 |
1967年 | 844篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 671 毫秒
801.
Studies were performed on 25 egg batches ofThaumetopoea pityocampa (Den. & Schiff.) collected onPinus pinaster Ait. on 29. XI. 1995, in the Atlas Mountains of Morocco near Marrakech at 1400-1800 m above sea level. All the egg masses
had been deposited in the autumn of 1995 and were exposed to the parasitoids throughout the developmental period of the host.
In 1996, the egg batches, kept singly in test tubes, were observed almost daily. Emerged parasitoids were recorded and separated.
The final analyses were made in November 1996 based on the meconia and remains of the emerged or the dead parasitoids in the
eggs. In all cases, oviposition occurred from the base to the tip of the needles, distances varying up to 62 mm from the base.
The mean number of eggs per batch was 175 (range 34-245), the number of egg-rows varied between 6 and 11, and a 1-cm egg-row
contained a mean of 9 eggs. Caterpillars hatched from 72. 7% of the eggs; total mortality of the eggs was thus 27. 3%. The
impact of egg parasitoids was 21. 4%. Most of the parasitized eggs were attacked byBaryscapus servadeii (Dom.) followed byOoencyrtus pityocampae (Mercet). Males (1. 5%) were found only in B. servadeii. The emergence rate ofO. pityocampae was much higher in the year of host oviposition than in the following year. B. servadeii emerged in equal numbers before
and after hibernation, and in the subsequent year in equal numbers in spring and autumn. The high rate of emergence ofB. servadeii in April-May is discussed in relation to the embryonic development ofThaumetopoea bonjeani (Powel) until the end of winter, as an alternative host ofB. servadeii in the Atlas region. 相似文献
802.
Herbicide translocation was investigated in a Haplic Luvisol from loess (clayey silt; Klein-Altendorf near Bonn, Germany) and a Eutric Cambisol (sandy loam; fluvial sediments on the lower Rhine terrace north of Bonn) using the herbicide diuron as an example. diuron was applied once a year in May at the recommended dose of 2.4 kg/ha. It rapidly degraded in the topsoil: the “time for 50% disappearance” (DT50) was 14–30 days. A population of adapted soil micro-organisms, which is repeatedly exposed to applications of the same compound every year, is thought to be responsible for this fast degradation. Remaining Diuron residues were largely degraded in the loess soil during the subsequent summer and became less mobile due to increasing binding strength. As a result, residue levels and leaching in the loess soil during the winter were negligible, with diuron traces of less than 10 µg/kg below the topsoil 11 months after application. Comparison of the translocation in a sandy loam soil showed—as expected—that diuron was leached to the subsoil to a higher extent than in clayey silt (loess). However, in the loess soil, diuron leached to the subsoil via macropores after 20 mm of natural precipitation within 1 week after herbicide application due to macropore flow. Colour tracer and analysis of the linings of earthworm burrows identified these macropores as preferred pathways of herbicide leaching. Macropore flow occurred in wet soil and moist soil with a sealed surface or crust but not in dry soil. Superficial mechanical soil cultivation before the herbicide application is discussed as one possibility to interrupt macropore entries and reduce herbicide leaching after its application in the spring. 相似文献
803.
With the help of the public, a wide collection of old apple cultivars (cvs) was established progressively at our Department from 1975 onwards. Currently, more than 1400 apple accessions are being maintained and three quarters of them are subjected to field evaluation for disease resistance and agronomic characters. This paper presents results of the ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) contents of old cvs combining interesting disease resistance and agronomic features in order to promote them as cvs adapted to production systems which are more environmentally friendly or to be used as parents in breeding programmes. First, a methodological study shows the importance of the variability of ascorbic acid content depending on fruit position in the trees, fruit size, fruit skin colour and maturity stage. Statistical analyses show that the sample size of six fruits per cv is sufficient to detect a difference of 20% between cvs. Old apple cvs such as GrenadierRGF, Transparente de Croncels, Bramley’s Seedling, Reinette des Capucins, Reinette Libotte and Reinette de Waleffe contain three and seven times more ascorbic acid than the commercial cvs Gala and Elstar, respectively. The paper highlights the need to evaluate the rich potential in our genetic resources. 相似文献
804.
S.G. Nykamp DVM P.V. Scrivani DVM A.P. Pease DVM MS 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2004,45(1):23-28
Computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) was used to evaluate the nasolacrimal system in four patients (three dogs and one horse) that were admitted for evaluation of chronic epiphora, facial swelling, or facial trauma. The four patients are reviewed and the technique for performing CT-DCG is described. Additionally, the indications for this procedure are discussed. CT-DCG is advantageous because cross-sectional imaging provides superior resolution of the nasolacrimal apparatus and the relatively long, small-diameter, bony nasolacrimal canal in most veterinary patients. 相似文献
805.
G Zamaratskaia J Babol A Madej EJ Squires K Lundström 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(3):168-172
This study describes the age-related variation in boar taint compounds, skatole and androstenone, and testosterone, oestradiol-17 beta (E17 beta), oestrone sulphate (ES), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), triiodothyronine (T(3)) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in six boars. Three pairs of littermates of crossbred entire male pigs (from three Yorkshire x Duroc dams and one Hampshire sire) were included. Blood samples were taken at the age of 9-15 weeks and thereafter at weekly intervals from the age of 20-32 weeks. Plasma concentrations of skatole, androstenone, testosterone, E17 beta, ES, DHEAS, T(3) and IGF-1 were measured. We found that skatole levels in boars increased at the age around puberty after an increase in the levels of testicular steroids. Levels of skatole were not associated with the levels of sex steroids, T(3) and IGF-1. However, the increased level of testicular steroids is probably the underlying factor needed for high skatole levels to occur although the specific mechanism leading to increased skatole levels remains unknown. 相似文献
806.
The present studies were undertaken to examine the influence of mu (beta-endorphin, DAMGO, FK 33-824), delta (met-enkephalin, leu-enkephalin, DPLPE) and kappa opioid receptor agonists (dynorphin A, dynorphin B, U 50488) used at different doses (1-1000 nM) alone and in combination with LH (100 ng/ml) on steroidogenesis in porcine granulosa cells derived from large follicles. The effects of mu, delta and kappa receptor agonists on both basal and LH-induced progesterone (P4) secretion were negligible. Agonists of mu opioid receptors reduced basal androstenedione (A4), testosterone (T) and oestradiol (E2) release. Co-treatment with LH entirely abolished the inhibitory effect of these agonists on A4 and E2 secretion and resulted in an increase in T release. The addition of delta receptor agonists was followed by a decrease in basal A4, T and E2 secretion. The cells incubated in the presence of LH increased the androgen production and abrogated the inhibitory effect of delta agonists on E2 output. Basal A4, T and E2 release was also suppressed by kappa receptor agonists. The presence of LH in culture media extended the inhibitory effect of these opioids on E2 output and caused either abolition of the inhibitory influence of kappa agonists or even augmentation of both androgen release in response to the opioids. In conclusion, these data support the involvement of three major types of opioid receptors in the regulation of porcine granulosa cell steroidogenesis. 相似文献
807.
Michael G Hoelzler David A Lidbetter 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice》2004,34(4):1057-73, viii
Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence and ureteral ectopia are the two most common causes of urinary incontinence in dogs and cats. Surgical treatments for both disorders have been described.Once a diagnosis is made, surgical intervention may lead to improved outcomes with resolution of incontinence in many patients. Proper case selection and surgical technique are critical in achieving clinical success when managing these difficult cases. 相似文献
808.
KM Morton SL Catt FK Hollinshead WMC Maxwell G Evans 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(6):454-461
Cumulus-oocyte complexes from hormone-stimulated 3-4-week-old (n=43) and 6-7-week-old (n=12) prepubertal lambs were matured in vitro and incubated with unsorted, or X- or Y-spermatozoa separated with a high-speed cell sorter (SX MoFlo)frozen-thawed. Presumptive zygotes were then cultured to the blastocyst stage, and transferred to recipients fresh or after cryopreservation (frozen). Oocyte cleavage was higher (p <0.05) with unsorted (515/926, 55.6%) than X- or Y-spermatozoa (261/672, 38.8% and 229/651, 35.2%, respectively) and blastocyst formation (% zygotes) by Day 9 of in vitro culture was lower (p <0.05) for X- (102/261, 39.1%) than unsorted spermatozoa (249/515, 48.3%), but did not differ between Y-spermatozoa (103/229, 45.0%) and unsorted spermatozoa, or between X- and Y-spermatozoa (p >0.05). For fresh embryos, survival to term was 50.0% (3/6) for unsorted, 0.0% (0/6) for X- and 16.7% (1/6) for Y-spermatozoa-derived embryos (p >0.05), and for frozen embryos was 4.0% (2/50) for unsorted, 9.1% (2/22) for X- and 2.9% (1/34) Y-spermatozoa-derived embryos (p >0.05). Of the two lambs born from X-spermatozoa-derived embryos, one was female (50%), and from the two Y-spermatozoa-derived lambs, both were male (100%), demonstrating that lambs can be produced after the transfer of fresh and cryopreserved IVP embryos derived from prepubertal lamb oocytes and frozen-thawed sex-sorted sperm. 相似文献
809.
Stephen J Hernandez-Divers Robert S Bakal Brian H Hickson Clarence A Rawlings Heather G Wilson MaryAnn Radlinsky Sonia M Hernandez-Divers Samuel R Dover 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2004,35(4):459-470
Seventeen Gulf of Mexico sturgeons (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) underwent endoscopic sex determination, gonadal biopsy, and various reproductive surgeries as part of a conservation development plan. The fish were anesthetized with tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) buffered with sodium bicarbonate and maintained on a recirculating water anesthesia circuit. A 6-mm Ternamian EndoTip Cannula, placed through the ventral midline, midway between pectoral and pelvic fins, permitted the introduction of a 5-mm telescope. Swim bladder aspiration and CO2 insufflation of the coelomic cavity provided excellent observation. Second and third cannulae were placed under direct visual control, lateral and cranial or caudal to the telescope cannula. Sex determination was successfully performed in all fish; however, five of 17 sturgeons (29%) required endoscopic gonadal biopsy to confirm sex. Bilateral ovariectomy or orchidectomy was successfully performed in three males and four females. Unilateral ovariectomy and bilateral ligation of the müllerian ducts using an extracorporeal suturing technique was accomplished in an additional three females. No apparent morbidity was associated with the anesthesia or endoscopic surgery in any fish. The ability to safely perform minimally invasive reproductive surgery in fish may have important management and conservation benefits. 相似文献
810.
D. Marletta S. Bordonaro A. M. Guastella G. D'Urso 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2004,121(1):52-56
In this study we surveyed two endangered Sicilian goat breeds (Girgentana and Argentata dell'Etna) for genetic polymorphism at the CSN1S2 locus. In a total of 537 goats, we detected CSN1S2A, CSN1S2B, CSN1S2C° (CSN1S2C + CSN1S2E), CSN1S2D, CSN1S2F and CSN1S2O alleles by means of various polymerase chain reaction (PCR), allele specific‐PCR (AS–PCR) and PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) reactions with the aim of improving the knowledge of the genetic resource of these two breeds. Three and five alleles, with six and twelve genotypes, were identified at CSN1S2 locus, in Girgentana and Argentata, respectively. Argentata dell'Etna showed a higher degree of genetic variation. The allelic and genotypic distribution seems to be significantly different (p < 0.001) in the two breeds. In Argentata the rare null allele (CSN1S2O) was found at low frequency (0.033); this genetic peculiarity makes its preservation worthwhile. 相似文献