Effect of the previously gravid uterine horn and postpartum interval on follicular diameter and conception rate in beef cows treated with estradiol benzoate and progesterone

An experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of the side of ovulation with respect to the previously gravid uterine horn on fertility of cows inseminated at one of two periods postpartum. All cows were treated with an intravaginal progesterone insert for 7 d and received estradiol benzoate (2 mg, i.m.) at the time of device insertion, prostaglandin F2alpha (25 mg, i.m.) at the time of device removal, and estradiol benzoate (1 mg, i.m.) 30 h after device removal. All cows were inseminated 28 to 30 h after the second treatment with estradiol benzoate, regardless of observed estrus. Cows treated in Period 1 received inserts at 16 to 20 d postpartum and were inseminated at 25 to 29 d postpartum. Cows treated in Period 2 received inserts at 26 to 30 d postpartum and were inseminated at 35 to 39 d postpartum. Diameter of the largest follicle at insert removal was greater in cows treated in Period 2 (10.1 +/- 0.3; mm +/- SEM) than in cows treated in Period 1 (9.1 +/- 0.3; P < .05). Diameter did not differ with the side of ovulation in respect to the previously gravid uterine horn. Diameter was greater in cows 5 to 9 (10.3 +/- 0.3) than in cows 3 to 4 (9.0 +/- 0.3) or 10 to 13 (9.4 +/- 0.6) yr of age (P < .01). The proportion of cows that ovulated from the ovary contralateral to the previously gravid uterine horn was greater (P < .05) than of those that ovulated from the ipsilateral ovary, and the incidence of ovulation was reduced in cows 3 to 4 yr of age (P < .01). Conception rate tended to be greater for ovulation from the ipsilateral compared with the contralateral ovary, relative to the previously gravid uterine horn (P < .10) and for ovulation from the right than the left ovary (P < .06). Conception rate was less if cows ovulated a follicle that was < 9 mm than a follicle > or = 9 mm in diameter at insert removal (P < .01) and was greater in cows inseminated in June than in April or May (P < .05). In conclusion, in cows in which estrus was synchronized at 25 to 39 d postpartum, ovulation from either the ovary ipsilateral to the previously gravid uterine horn, or the right ovary, tended to increase fertility.     

The pathology of spontaneous paratuberculosis in the North American bison (Bison bison)

Gross and histopathologic examinations were performed on 70 North American bison (Bison bison) from a Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis culture-positive herd. The bison examined were part of a breeding herd totaling 2,800 animals. Eight of 70 (11%) animals had gross findings of intestinal mucosal thickening, and 16 of 70 (23%) of the animals had enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. Histologic lesions compatible with Johne's disease were diagnosed in 30 of 70 (43%) bison on the basis of the demonstration of noncaseating granulomatous inflammatory infiltrates and of one or more acid-fast bacilli characteristic of Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis. A suspicious diagnosis of Johne's disease was obtained in 11 of 70 (16%) bison on the basis of the observation of noncaseating granulomatous inflammatory infiltrates without demonstrable acid-fast bacteria. Twenty-nine of 70 (41%) animals were assessed as histologically paratuberculosis free. Histologic results were compared to Johne's disease tests such as culture, serology, and polymerase chain reaction, which were performed on some of the cohort animals.     

种养结合家庭农场发展策略

本文主要总结了种养结合家庭农场的发展策略,要获得长期持续发展,需要在防疫卫生制度和环境卫生控制长效管理、日常生产和农产品质量、环保措施和环保意识、杜绝转包代养顽疾以及提高家庭农场发展活力和造血能力等方面加以提高和改进。     

冷藏和气调处理对青花菜 Glucoraphanin 含量的影响

Glucoraphanin (4-甲基亚磺酰丁基芥子油苷 )在青花菜中含量丰富 ,其降解产物Sulforaphane具很强的抗癌活性。本试验以‘Marathon’青花菜为试材 ,将新鲜花球切成小花球后用 10 0mg/L的NaClO表面消毒 1min ,清水洗净。分别取 6 5 0g花球置于 0℃、 5℃和 10℃冷藏 ,并在 5℃下进行 5种气调处理 :1)Air,2 )Air+10 %CO2 ,3)Air+2 0 %CO2 ,4) 1%O2 ,5 ) 1%O2 +10 %CO2 。每一处理分别在处理当天、处理后 3、 6、 9、 12d取样 5 0g ,真空冷冻干燥 ,并研磨成粉末状贮藏于 4℃待用。将 0 .2g冷冻干燥样品在沸水中煮 10min ,35 0 0g离心 5m…     

影响根癌农杆菌介导香蕉胚性悬浮细胞遗传转化的因素

用含质粒载体pCAMBIA1301的根癌农杆菌EHA105转化贡蕉(Musa A A Pisang Mas cv. Mas)品种的胚性悬浮细胞,通过测定GUS基因瞬时表达率,对转化初期的主要影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,取处于对数期的胚性悬浮细胞和D600nm为0.2的菌液混合,在室温、8000r/min离心5min,然后在110r/min的旋转摇床上摇5min,在体细胞胚诱导培养基上共培养8d,瞬时表达率达到最高值25.30%。     

五峰县农业环境污染现状与综合治理对策

五峰是一个农业县,具有得天独厚的自然生态环境和丰富的农作物资源。虽然经过近30年的发展,摆脱了农产品短缺的长期困扰,但随着农业集约化、专业化和区域化程度的不断提高及养殖业的快速发展,化肥、农药、农膜、畜禽粪便及污水等农业投入和农业副产品大量流失进入各类环境介质,造成的农业环境污染问题越来越突出,严重影响农业生产安全及农产品质量安全。因此,科学合理使用农业投入品,综合防治农业环境污染,全面提升农产品产地环境质量,确保农业生产安全是各级政府、部门亟待解决的问题。     

Disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection in a FIV-positive cat

An 8-year-old FIV-positive Australian cat was presented with coughing, periocular alopecia, pyrexia and inappetence. Skin scrapings demonstrated Demodex cati mites. Antibiotics were administered and it was treated successfully for periocular demodectic mange, but the cat continued to exhibit respiratory signs and lose weight. Further investigation revealed an ascarid infection and active chronic inflammation of undetected cause affecting the lower airways. Repetitive treatment with pyrantel failed to eradicate the ascarid infection. The cat became cachectic and developed moist ulcerative dermatitis of the neck, severe non-regenerative anaemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. Necropsy and histopathology revealed mycobacteriosis affecting skin, lungs, spleen, lymph nodes, liver and kidney. Attempted culture of frozen tissues at a mycobacteria reference laboratory was unsuccessful. Paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed tissue was retrieved and examined using PCR to amplify part of the 16S rRNA gene. A diagnosis of disseminated Mycobacterium genavense infection was made based on the presence of acid fast bacteria in many tissues and partial sequence of the 16S rRNA gene. Although M genavense has been identified previously as a cause of disseminated disease in AIDS patients, this is the first report of infection in a cat. It was suspected that the demodecosis, recurrent ascarid infections and disseminated M genavense infection resulted from an immune deficiency syndrome consequent to longstanding FIV infection.     

Usefulness of aerobic microbial culture and cytologic evaluation of corneal specimens in the diagnosis of infectious ulcerative keratitis in animals

OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic value of aerobic microbial culture and cytologic evaluation of corneal specimens in the diagnosis of infectious ulcerative keratitis (IUK). DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 48 animals (26 dogs, 13 horses, 7 cats, 1 bird, and 1 llama) with corneal ulcers. PROCEDURE: Scrapings from corneal ulcers were examined cytologically. Corneal swab specimens were submitted for microbial culture. Animals were grouped according to whether they had been receiving antimicrobials at the time of admission. RESULTS: Of the 38 animals receiving antimicrobials, 19 had positive results for IUK on cytologic evaluation, 20 on microbial culture, and 26 on cytologic evaluation, microbial culture, or both. Of the 10 animals not receiving antimicrobials at the time of admission, 7 had positive results for IUK on cytologic evaluation, and 9 had positive results on microbial culture. In this group of 10 animals, additional animals with IUK were not identified on the basis of cytologic evaluation alone. When all 48 animals were considered irrespective of antimicrobial treatment, 26 and 29 had positive results for IUK on cytologic evaluation and microbial culture, respectively, whereas IUK was confirmed in 35 animals on the basis of cytologic evaluation, microbial culture results, or both. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Microbial culture and cytologic evaluation of corneal specimens maximizes identification of IUK, especially in animals receiving antimicrobial treatment. Because of serious consequences of untreated IUK, we recommend that both diagnostic tests be used to tailor treatment and reduce risk of vision impairment in animals.     

城市动物园生物风险分析及防范策略

目前,我国有各类大小城市动物园100余家,年接待游客量近6000万人次.动物园在为人类提供难得的野生动物近距离观赏和研究的同时,由于其野生畜禽种类多,生活习性不同,来源复杂,携带病原菌情况复杂等原因,不可避免对人类具有潜在生物风险性.本文就其产生的主要原因和防范对策做简要分析,希望广大同行共同探讨.