南美斑潜蝇对不同茄子品种的选择性及其机理的研究

采用自由选择法测定了南美斑潜蝇对茄子不同品种的选择性.结果表明,南美斑潜蝇选择性最强的茄子品种为星技紫龙,其对星技紫龙的选择性与对短把黑圆茄、蒙茄4号、湘早茄、黑又亮808等品种的选择性存在显著差异,而与万吨早茄、快圆茄、呼茄2号、茄杂之号、紫红茄等品种差异不显著.测定结果表明,茄子不同品种间的叶毛数、可溶性蛋白质及糖含量存在显著差异.相关分析表明,南美斑潜蝇对茄子品种的寄主选择性与其叶毛数存在显著的相关关系,相关系数为0.7712（p=0.0054）,而与叶片的蛋白质及可溶性糖含量相关关系不显著.     

密度和施肥对小麦新品种绵麦42产量的影响

采用四元二次回归正交旋转组合设计,研究了密度、氮肥、磷肥及钾肥对小麦新品种绵麦42的产量效应。结果表明:氮肥是影响产量的最主要因素,其次是磷肥与密度,它们对产量的影响达极显著水平;钾肥对产量影响较小,未达到显著水平。绵麦42获得高产(产量大于7500 kg/hm2)的具体栽培技术措施为:密度为226.35-250.65×104/hm2基本苗,纯氮量182.85-197.55 kg/hm2,P2O5用量119.4-130.8 kg/hm2,K2O用量79.65-113.85 kg/hm2。     

桑叶粉对新西兰白兔免疫与抗氧化功能及肌肉风味的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平桑叶粉对新西兰白兔免疫与抗氧化功能及肌肉风味的影响。选用120只35日龄断奶的新西兰白兔,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只(公母各占1/2)。4组试验兔分别饲喂桑叶粉添加水平为0(对照组)、15%(试验Ⅰ组)、20%(试验Ⅱ组)、25%(试验Ⅲ组)的试验饲粮,试验期为35 d。结果显示:试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组血清酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。随着桑叶粉添加水平的增加,血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性呈上升趋势,且试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组与对照组差异显著(P0.05)。试验I组血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性极显著高于对照组和试验Ⅲ组(P0.01)。血清丙二醛(M DA)含量在各试验组间无显著差异(P0.05),但各试验组均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。随着桑叶粉添加水平的增加,血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)呈现上升趋势,且各试验组均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组背最长肌中肌苷酸含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组腿肌中肌苷酸含量均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组背最长肌和腿肌中必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、总氨基酸以及多不饱和脂肪酸含量均高于对照组(P0.05)。由此得出,桑叶粉在改善新西兰白兔免疫与抗氧化功能及肌肉风味方面有很好的效果,并且以15%~20%添加水平效果较佳。     

Effect of heme oxygenase on vascular remodeling in renal hypertension

AIM: To investigate the effect of heme oxygenase on vascular remodeling in renal hypertension. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated, 2K1C （two-kidney one-clip） and hemin-induced groups. Four weeks after the treatments, the thickness of aortic media and HO enzymatic activity of the aorta were determined. Immunohistochemical staining was carried out to detect protein of HO-1 in the aorta. RESULTS: The blood pressure in 2K1C renal hypertension rats started to increase two weeks after the surgery and stabled at a high level at the 4th week. Hemin, an inducer of HO-1, markedly inhibited the increase in blood pressure. Aortic medium thickness of the 2K1C rats at 4th week was 27.5% thicker than that in the sham-operated rats. The thickness of aortic medium of the hemin-induced rats was 16.1% less than that in 2K1C group. At the 4th week after operation, protein level and enzymatic activity of HO-1 in aorta were higher than that in 2K1C group compared to those in the sham-operated group. CONCLUSION: Renal hypertension caused vascular remodeling and the activation of HO-1. HO-1 induction decreased the blood pressure of renal hypertension and reduced vascular remodeling.     

广东鹤山南亚热带丘陵人工林昆虫资源的研究（Ⅰ）

本文根据2001年和2002年的调查结果，记述了广东鹤山南亚热带丘陵退化生态系统恢复中四种人工林的昆虫种类，共计14目161科488种，本文记载11目84科216种。     

Effects of 4-hydroxytamoxifen on the growth and proliferation of prolactinomas CH3 cells

AIM: To investigate the effect of estrogen antagonists on the in vitro growth of human prolactinomas. METHODS: RT-PCR was applied to the detection of estrogen receptor (ER) mRNA expressed in a human prolactinomas CH3 cell strain. Estradiol and 4-hydroxytamoxifen (OHTam) were added respectively at different concentrations into the culture medium. Cell number and levels of ER mRNA were examined. RESULTS: The growth of CH3 cells became slower in estrogen-deprived medium than that in nomal culture and was higher in medium containing estrogen(E2) at concentration of 10^-8 mol/L than at concentration of 10^-6 mol/L. OHTam (10^-6mol/L) inhibited the growth of CH3 cell strain treated with E2. The expression of ER mRNA in CH3 cells was observed, the levels of ER mRNA in the E2 (10^-8mol/L) group, higher than those in estrogen deprived group. OHTam (10^-6mol/L) obviously inhibited the expression of ER mRNA. CONCLUSION: The growth of CH3 cells depends on estrogen, estrogen antagonists inhibits the growth of CH3 cells and decline the levels of ER mRNA. ER levels in human prolactinomas cell lines can be auto-regulated.     

陕西关中东部不同土地利用方式下土壤元素的剖面分布特征

以关中东部作为研究对象,应用数理统计方法对不同土地利用方式下土壤元素的剖面分布特征的差异性进行分析,探讨了土地利用方式对土壤元素剖面分布状况的影响。研究结果表明:农田中常量元素Al、Fe、K、Na、Ba、Mn、Ti、Mg、Ca在0~20 cm与20~40 cm的含量差异最小,林地次之,花椒地差异最大。重金属元素Sr、Ni、Zn、Co、Pb在0~20 cm与20~40 cm的含量差异亦为农田<林地<花椒地。这对合理利用土地资源具有积极的意义。     

乡村振兴背景下的广州农业公园使用后评价——基于AHP-模糊综合评判法

乡村振兴背景下,国家制定了休闲农业高质量发展的目标和要求。农业公园作为推动休闲农业发展的新模式,是实现乡村振兴的重要手段。以使用后评价为理论基础,从使用者的角度出发,研究农业公园设计的合理性,结合实地调研、专家调查和问卷调查,利用AHP-模糊综合评判法构建了包括5个准则层指标、22个指标层指标的农业公园使用后评价体系,并对广州6家典型的农业公园进行使用后综合评价。结果表明,广州农业公园在整体上得到了游客的认同,但不同类型的农业公园也存在运维管理不及时、农耕文化展示方式单一、农事体验活动深度不够、景观风格协调性有待提升等问题。该评价结果符合实际,说明该评价体系对农业公园的使用后评价具有普遍适用性,采用本方法对农业公园进行使用后综合评判具有现实意义。     

Establishment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease rat models by passive cigarette smoking and intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide

AIM:To establish rat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) models by passive cigarette smoking plus intratracheal instillation of lipopolysacchride(LPS) or passive cigarette smoking only, which would be similar to the pathogenesis of human COPD. METHODS:48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups.(1) Healthy control I group(n=12), rats were bred 4 weeks;healthy control II group(n=12), rats were bred for 3months. (2) Model group I (n=12), 200μg lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was instilled intratracheally once for every two weeks and the rats were exposured to 5% of cigarette smoke, 0.5 h/d for 4 weeks.(3) Model group II(n=12),rats were exposed to 5% of cigarette smoke, 0.5 h/d for 3 months. The pathologic changes of airways and lung tissues, pulmonary function and blood gas analysis were determined. The airway wall lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages were counted. The cross areas of epithelial layer, smooth muscle layer and lamina propria of bronchi were measured. The hydroxyproline of lung tissue homogenates was determined by biochemistry method.RESULTS:The pathologic changes of airways and lung tissue of two models were similar to but milder than those of COPD patients(biopsy data). The collagen deposition and the cross areas of epithelial layer and smooth muscle layer in airway walls of two model groups were significantly increased than those of control groups(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).FEV_0.3/FVC% of two model groups, PaO₂ and SaO₂ of model I group were significantly decreased, while R_i and R_e in model I group were significantly increased than that of control I group(P＜0.05). The PaCO₂ and the counts of lymphocytes and alveolar macrophages of both model groups were significantly increased than those of the control groups (P＜0.01). Lots of alveolar macrophages had phagocyted smoke granules. The amounts of hydroxyproline of two model groups were significantly increased than those of control group((P＜0.05) and were negatively related to the FEV_0.3/FVC%, respectively (P＜0.01,P＜0.01) and positively related to airway resistance of model I group(P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS:COPD rat models were successfully established by passive cigarette smoking plus intratracheal instillation of LPS and cigarette smoking only. The pathologic changes were similar but milder than those of COPD patients. The airway obstruction of model I group was more severe than that of model II group, but they have no significant difference.