以人为本:农业科研机构人事人才工作的主线

在解读"以人为本"哲学含义的基础上,论述了"以人为本"是科研院(所)人事人才工作的主线和灵魂,并就如何坚持和体现"以人为本"提出了若干的思路与对策.     

Preliminary characterization of a serum viral inhibitor in goats

A serum viral inhibitor (SVI) was isolated from goats and partially characterized. The inhibitor prevented the cytopathic effects of vesicular stomatitis virus, encephalomyocarditis virus, and a caprine herpesvirus, indicating broad antiviral activity. The SVI was distinct from interferon because SVI did not induce an antiviral state in cells (ie, lack of protection of SVI-treated cells from virus challenge). The SVI had activity on heterologous cells, including human, bovine, and ovine cells. The lack of antiviral activity in mouse cells indicated that SVI was not an antibody. Like fibroblast interferon, however, SVI was sensitive to trypsin, was acid stable at pH 2 and 4 C for 4 days, was heat stable at 56 C for 1 hour, and could not be sedimented by centrifugation at 100,000 X g for 4 hours.     

Safety of temperature sensitive mutant Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine

A temperature sensitive (ts) vaccine strain designated ts-11 was selected after exposure of a low passage culture of the immunogenic Australian field isolate (strain 80083) of Mycoplasma gallisepticum to 100 mg/ml of N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Viable counts (assayed as colour changing units (CCU)/25 microliters) of a thawed stock culture of ts-11 were typically log10 3 to log10 5 higher when incubated at 33 degrees C (the permissive temperature) than duplicate viable counts incubated at 39.5 degrees C (the restrictive temperature). Doses of approximately 2 x 10(7) CCU of ts-11 caused no gross lesions or loss of egg production when inoculated into the air sacs of susceptible chickens and no clinical or pathological signs of sinusitis when inoculated into the infraorbital sinuses of susceptible turkey poults, whereas the parent strain 80083 was demonstrably pathogenic. However, 1 of 10 poults inoculated intra-abdominally with approximately 2 x 10(7) CCU of ts-11 did show signs of mild airsacculitis. Eight-week-old pullets were vaccinated by eye drop with up to 1.4 x 10(7) CCU of ts-11 and simultaneously subjected to several stressful management practices, without apparent ill effects. Administration by coarse aerosol of 5 ml of ts-11 vaccine/25 day-old broilers, with or without 25 doses of infectious bronchitis virus vaccine caused no obvious signs of respiratory disease. The non virulent ts phenotype was maintained after 3 passages of strain ts-11 in chickens. Chickens vaccinated 3 weeks previously with ts-11 or with strain 80083 were placed in contact with susceptible chickens for a period of 2 weeks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

白背毛木耳菌株栽培对比试验

对12个白背毛木耳菌株的农艺性状进行栽培对比。结果表明:经初步筛选,‘06283’、‘43012’和‘AP201’等3个优良菌株可以在生产上推广;菌株‘AP201’产量最高为74.64g/袋,与对照相比增产15.7%,干物质含量也高,但其菌种活力较弱,不耐高温,生长速度慢,而且该菌株耳片腹面棱脊多,呈网状,不符合目前的出口外销要求,不建议生产上大规模应用;菌株‘06283’和‘43012’的产量均较高,分别为69.90、64.69g/袋,与对照相比分别增产8.4%、0.3%,且耳片大而厚,抗污染能力强,‘43102’的产量虽然比‘06283’及‘AP201’稍低,但其干物质含量比值最大,这2个菌株的产品适合于出口,市场价格较好,符合生产品种要求。     

两栖蔊菜种群及其入侵群落特征

两栖蔊菜(Rorippa amphibia)是近年来备受关注的入侵植物,主要出现在草坪中,并有不断向各种生境扩张的趋势,往往会成为其入侵群落中的优势种,因此研究其种群和群落特征及环境影响因素,对于更好地了解其入侵机制具有重要理论意义。本研究调查了不同小生境中受到两栖蔊菜入侵的草坪群落,采用扩散系数(C)、负二项参数(K)、平均拥挤度(m*)、丛生指标(I)、聚块性指标(PI)、Cassie指标(CA)和Green指数(GI) 7个指标对两栖蔊菜的空间分布格局进行研究,并分析两栖蔊菜的种群密度、盖度等特征。运用聚类分析、主成分分析(PCA)探讨了群落类型的差异及主要环境影响因子。结果表明,在不同生境条件下两栖蔊菜种群均呈聚集分布。无遮阴和半遮阴条件下,两栖蔊菜的种群密度分别为全遮阴条件的2.93倍和2.73倍,盖度分别为4.52倍和4.79倍,高度分别为1.57倍和2.37倍。即在全遮阴条件下两栖蔊菜种群的密度、高度、盖度均最低,且与无遮阴生境种群间差异显著(P <0.05);半遮阴条件下,两栖蔊菜的高度和盖度最高,与全遮阴生境下差异显著(P <0.05),与无遮阴生境种群高...     

Time and method of floral initiation and effect of paclobutrazol on flower and fruit development in Shorea stenoptera (Dipterocarpaceae)

Small Shorea stenoptera Burck. (Dipterocarpaceae) trees of reproductive age growing in an arboretum in west Java were studied to determine the pattern of vegetative shoot development, the time and method of floral initiation and the effect of paclobutrazol on floral enhancement. Vegetative buds were enclosed by two stipules between which was a leaf primordium, a small axillary vegetative bud and another pair of stipules. This sequence was reiterated five to seven times before the vegetative apex was visible. At the time of floral initiation, axillary buds developed into floral spikes and compound inflorescences formed at the end of drooping branches. A compound inflorescence might bear many floral spikes and each floral spike bore many flowers. The compound inflorescence was a modification of the reiterative developmental pattern observed in vegetative shoots. The time of floral initiation began in late June or early July and continued until about November. Floral enhancement using paclobutrazol as a soil drench was attempted in mid-July, but this was later found to be after the onset of floral initiation, and the treatment failed to enhance flowering; however, it appeared to enhance the rate of floral and fruit development. The similarity in vegetative bud development among dipterocarp genera suggests that the time of floral initiation may be easily determined in many species based on simple dissection techniques.     

部分放开森林采伐限额政策探讨

通过分析不同森林类型采伐的经营特点,探讨森林采伐限额政策的适宜程度,形成对部分类型森林放开采伐限额的思路,分析评估放开采伐限额政策的风险,提出改善森林采伐限额政策建议。     

不同核背景对玉米CMS-C线粒体复合体活性的影响

为探究不同核背景下线粒体复合体活性对玉米C型雄性不育系育性的影响,明确其与花药败育的关系.以同质异核不育系K932S、K169S、近等基因恢复系K932R和保持系K169为材料,采用植物线粒体呼吸链复合体酶联免疫分析试剂盒对花药发育不同时期的5个线粒体复合体活性进行测定比较.结果表明,除花粉母细胞时期复合体Ⅱ、Ⅳ外,其余时期不育细胞质复合体Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ活性在K169核背景下显著高于K932,绝大多数时期复合体Ⅲ、Ⅴ的活性则相反,但存在恢复基因时,K932R可改变部分时期不育细胞质不同线粒体复合体的活性.在二分体时期,不育细胞质复合体Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ活性显著低于正常可育胞质,而其他多数时期5个复合体的活性则相反.由此可见,在花药发育不同时期,核背景对玉米CMS-C不同线粒体复合体活性均有显著影响;相同核背景下,二分体时期不育细胞质复合体Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ活性比正常细胞质显著降低,可能与CMS-C花药败育密切相关.     

玉米逆境响应转录因子ZmGBF1的克隆及表达分析

从玉米中克隆了ZmGBF1基因,该基因长1 134 bp,编码377个氨基酸。进化树分析表明,玉米ZmGBF1与小麦TaGBF1、TuGBF3和高粱SbCPRF1亲缘关系最近。实时荧光定量PCR分析表明,ZmGBF1在玉米胚芽鞘中表达量最高,叶片次之,根中表达量最低;ZmGBF1基因表达受到盐、干旱、高温、低温、脱落酸和水杨酸诱导,且在干旱和高温条件下ZmGBF1的表达量与对照相比呈显著差异,暗示ZmGBF1可能参与玉米对干旱和高温的响应过程。