Toll-like receptor signaling is changed in ovine lymph node during early pregnancy

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in regulation of adaptive immune responses, and lymph nodes play key roles in the initiation of immune responses. There is a tolerance to the allogenic fetus during pregnancy, but it is unclear that expression of TLR signaling is in ovine lymph node during early pregnancy. In this study, lymph nodes were sampled from day 16 of nonpregnant ewes and days 13, 16, and 25 of pregnant ewes, and the expressions of TLR family (TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9), adaptor proteins, including myeloid differentiation primary-response protein 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), and interleukin-1-receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), were analyzed through real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analysis. The results showed that mRNA and protein levels of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TRAF6, and MyD88 were upregulated in the maternal lymph node, but TLR5, TLR9, and IRAK1 were downregulated during early pregnancy. In addition, MyD88 protein was located in the subcapsular sinus and lymph sinuses. Therefore, it is suggested that early pregnancy induces changes in TLR signaling in maternal lymph node, which may be involved in regulation of maternal immune responses in sheep.     

禽霍乱免疫母鸡血清抗体和蛋黄抗体消长规律及其相互关系的研究

通过对禽霍乱菌苗免疫产蛋母鸡的血清和蛋黄的抗体定时检测后发现，免疫母鸡的血清抗体和蛋黄抗体的升降趋势基本一致（ｒ＝０．９４），但后者较前者迟后３～６ｄ；血清抗体和蛋黄抗体的滴度分别在加强免疫后的１～３ｄ和３～６ｄ都有不同程度下降，加强免疫前的滴度越高，免疫后的滴度下降幅度越大；蛋黄抗体水平普遍比血清抗体水平低，两者间的差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１），这可能是与禽多杀性巴氏杆菌本身的主要抗原成分（ＴＩ抗原）在鸡体内主要产金ＩｇＭ有关。     

PERCUTANEOUS NEPHROPYELOCENTESIS AND ANTEGRADE URETEROGRAPHY: A FLUOROSCOPICALLY ASSISTED DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIC IN CANINE UROLOGY

Fluoroscopically assisted percutaneous nephropyelocentesis and/or antegrade ureterography was performed on six dogs. These technics were useful for obtaining renal pelvic urine specimens for culture. Percutaneous nephropyelocentesis confirmed diagnoses of pyelonephritis. Injection of a radiopaque contrast medium into the ureter or renal pelvis was useful in evaluating the ureter in those dogs in which excretory urography provided insufficient detail. No complication was associated with the technics.     

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗含毒量评价

为定量分析贵州省临床用猪伪狂犬病(pseudorabies,PR)活疫苗中病毒含量,根据GenBank中公布的伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)gB基因序列(登录号:M17321.1)设计1对特异性引物,建立实时荧光定量PCR方法,并对来自6个不同厂家的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗进行含毒量分析。结果显示,试验成功建立了可用于PRV检测的实时荧光定量PCR方法,标准曲线中标准品各稀释度质粒拷贝数与Ct值呈良好的线性关系,标准曲线方程为:Y=-0.97X+33.66(R^2=0.999),该方法最低检测病毒含量为3.19×10~1拷贝/μL,敏感性高且具有良好的重复性和特异性。应用所建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法对贵州省临床用6个厂家生产的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗的病毒含量进行检测,结果显示,6种市售猪伪狂犬病活疫苗(A～F)中病毒含量分别为1.67×10~7、4.83×10~5、2.64×10~6、4.27×10~7、3.39×10~6和3.68×10~5拷贝/μL,来自不同厂家的疫苗病毒含毒量存在明显差异,最大差异可达116倍,其中来自A、D厂家的两种猪伪狂犬病活疫苗具有较高的含毒量。本试验所建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法可用于猪伪狂犬病活疫苗病毒含量的快速检测和评价,对猪伪狂犬病活疫苗的质控和临床用疫苗选择具有一定的指导意义。     

食品质量与安全专业学生实践创新能力培养研究

为了强化大学生综合素质培养,提高本科学生的实践创新能力,在食品质量与安全专业学生的培养过程中,探索了从实验教学、学生科研创新、实践基地建设和师资队伍等方面提升学生实践创新能力培养的思路,并建立了科学、高效的食品质量与安全专业学生实践创新能力的培养途径,从而达到提高学生创新素质与创新能力的目的。     

蘑菇渣基质生产狗牙根无土草皮配方施肥优化研究

以塑料薄膜为阻隔材料,以蘑菇渣为主要基质,煤渣、污泥和沙子为配材,采用三元二次旋转组合试验设计,对不同氮磷钾施量配方的狗牙根无土草皮成坪时间、成卷时间、根系活力、地上生物量、地下生物量、草皮重、叶绿素含量和密度等性状进行了综合品质评定,建立了草皮综合品质与氮磷钾三因子之间显著相关的回归模型。结果表明,除草皮重外,其他坪用性状差异显著。氮磷钾三因子对综合品质都有影响,其中磷肥影响最大,且三因子互作显著。通过模拟寻优得到氮磷钾优化配方方案为N:10.646 8~10.804 0 g/m²;P₂O₅:27.157 8~27.215 2 g/m²;K₂O:13.813 9~14.010 0 g/m²。     

黄芪、淫羊藿多糖提高鸡新城疫疫苗免疫效价研究

研究黄芪多糖(APS)和淫羊藿多糖(EPS)对鸡新城疫疫苗免疫增强作用。将80羽1日龄蛋公鸡随机分4组,以血凝实验、血凝抑制实验、间接ELISA检测血清中的抗体水平,结果 APS-EPS合剂组的免疫效果最显著。     

Comparative trial of the canine parvovirus, canine distemper virus and canine adenovirus type 2 fractions of two commercially available modified live vaccines

The results of vaccinating two groups of puppies with commercial vaccines, both of which claimed to provide adequate protection with a final vaccination at 10 weeks of age, were compared. Groups of 19 and 20 puppies with similar titres of maternally derived antibodies against canine parvovirus (cpv), canine distemper virus (cdv) and canine adenovirus type 2 (cav-2) at four weeks of age were vaccinated at six and 10 weeks of age and their responses to each vaccination were measured by comparing the titres against cpv, cdv and cav-2 in the serum samples taken immediately before the vaccination and four weeks later. After the vaccination at six weeks of age, all 19 of the puppies in group 1 had responded to cpv and cdv, and 14 had responded to cav-2; in group 2, 17 of the 20 had responded to cpv, 19 to cdv and 15 to cav-2. In both groups the puppies that did not respond to the first vaccination had responded serologically to cpv, cdv and cav-2 at 10 weeks of age.     

安徽省部分地区牛衣原体的血清学调查

牛衣原体病是由鹦鹉热衣原体引起的一种接触性人兽共患传染病。本调查采用间接血凝法(IHA)对安徽省部分地区的535份牛血清进行了衣原体抗体检测,结果显示,血清抗体阳性率为22.43%(120/535);4个奶牛场的群阳性率为75%,个体阳性率为23.21%(68/293);9个肉牛场的群阳性率为88.9%,个体阳性率为21.49%(52/242)。对不同用途、不同年龄段、不同购入来源以及不同送检地区的牛衣原体抗体阳性率进行统计分析。结果表明安徽省的牛群中存在不同程度的衣原体感染。IHA法检测衣原体抗体简便、快速,适合在基层推广。     

复合维生素纳米乳的制备及其质量评价

制备复合维生素纳米乳,并对其进行质量评价。绘制伪三元相图筛选处方,考察其形态、粒径分布及稳定性。通过高效液相色谱测定复合维生素纳米乳中维生素A醋酸酯、维生素D3、维生素E醋酸酯的含量。结果显示,制备的复合维生素纳米乳为黄色透明液体,乳滴呈球形,平均粒径为29.8nm,在湿度75%,4、25、40、60℃条件下放置1个月,常温下放置3个月,体系澄清透明,未见分层、絮凝等物理变化。复合维生素纳米乳中维生素A醋酸酯、维生素D3、维生素E醋酸酯的平均含量分别为1.872、0.021、20.020g/L。结果表明,复合维生素纳米乳稳定性好,是一种很有前途的复合维生素制剂。