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221.
Ochronosis is a sequela to alcaptonuria — an inherited metabolic disease in man, which to our knowledge has not been described in animals. The background of the disease is as follows (O''Brien et al 1963, Hollander 1966, Wolman 1969, Jaffe 1972). 相似文献
222.
Ethmoid tumors are expansively-infiltratively growing tumors of carcinomatous or sarcomatous nature, deriving from the mucous membrane of the ethmoid bone. In Sweden, such tumors were found in 35 elks (Alces a. alces) and 4 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) during the years 1947-1982, that means a frequency of about 1 and 0.1 per cent, respectively of the investigation material. However, in the free living elk and roe deer population, the frequency might be much lower. The tumors were malign, extensively melting the soft and hard tissues of the ethmoid region, breaking into the brain cavity, the forehead subcutaneous tissues, etc. Symptoms as suppurative or bloody discharge at the nose, external outline aberrations and disorders to be related to injuries of the central nervous system were observed. In the elk, ethmoid tumors were found only in female animals. In the beginning of this century, ethmoid tumors were found in a number of cattle and horses in Sweden and Norway. Multiple cases occurred in some herds indicating that the tumors were caused by an infectious agent. Since the year 1916, there seem to be no reports on the finding of ethmoid tumors in domestic animals in the Nordic countries. In 1960, however, such tumors were discovered in Indian cattle in Kerala in the south of India. Tumor tissue from the cattle was examined and a herpes-virus was found. Geographically, the distribution of the tumor cases in cattle and elk was very similar in Sweden indicating a possible mutual transmission. As the tumors obviously have disappeared from cattle but not from the elk, it seems likely that the elk might be the primary carrier of the ethmoid tumor. Ethmoid tumors have been observed for many years in Scandinavia but only rather recently they were discovered in India. It has been known for long that birds after contamination might be involved in the spread of virus diseases, provided the virus are reasonably resistant. In the actual case, the suspicion has mainly been directed at three bird species, viz. the blue throat (Luscinia svecica), the scarlet grosbeak (Erythrina erythrina) and the red-necked phalarope (Phalaropus lobatus). In spring and summer, these birds periodically reside in elk habitat where they might be contaminated. In the autumn, they may extend their migration to the southern parts of India. 相似文献
223.
Residual infective Ascaris suum eggs in farrowing pens provide the initial source of infection for piglets under Swedish management conditions. In such circumstances there is little evidence to support pre-farrowing treatment of the sow specifically against A. suum. The present study shows, however, that ivermectin-treatment of the sow prevents the early establishment of A. suum and Oesophagostomum spp in her litter. 相似文献
224.
In this review, starch behavior is described from molecules in solution to the use of starch in products. The determination of molecular characteristics with asymmetrical flow field‐flow fractionation is described, and the behavior of starch in binary solutions is discussed. The organization of starch in granules and the changes in organization during gelatinization and retrogradation are then described. The role of starch retrogradation in bread staling is described in some detail, and the influence of water mobility and distribution is discussed in relation to amylopectin retrogradation. Finally, the use of starch as emulsifier is described. Hydrophobically modified starch is one possibility for emulsion stabilization; also, the starch granule as such can be used to stabilize emulsions (so‐called Pickering emulsions). 相似文献
225.
Cardiovascular responses to acute handling stress in the Antarctic fish Trematomus bernacchii are not mediated by circulatory catecholamines 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
William Davison Michael Axelsson Malcolm Forster Stefan Nilsson 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(3):253-257
Cannulated specimens of the benthic Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii were subjected to a five min period of handling stress, following which blood pressures were measured and then blood samples taken for measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations. There were two control groups of fish, one group of undisturbed fish at Scott Base, Antarctica and the other group of undisturbed fish measured in Christchurch.Plasma catecholamine concentrations were not changed following 5 min of acute handling stress. However, heart rate, ventral aortic blood pressure and haematocrit were elevated following handling, suggesting increased sumpathetic nerve activity. The low plasma catecholamine concentrations measured in all three groups of fish are similar to those found in other species of teleost at rest.The resting heart rates found in this series of experiments were approximately double those recorded in previous work on this species and this difference may be correlated with the length of time that the fish are held in captivity. The fish transported to Christchurch also had higher mean cell haemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) and lower plasma chloride concentrations. 相似文献
226.
Delta-1-tetrahydrocannabinol: structure of a major metabolite 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
I M Nilsson S Agurell J L Nilsson A Ohlsson F Sandberg M Wahlqvist 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1970,168(936):1228-1229
triangle up(1)-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the major psychotomimetically active compound of Cannabis, was metabolized in vitro by the 10, OOOg supernatant from rabbit liver. By mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, the major metabolite was identified as 7-hydroxy-triangle up(1)-tetrahydrocannabinol. The latter compound of Cannabis, was metabolized in vitro by the 10,OOOg supernatant from 相似文献
227.
228.
Diabetes Genetics Initiative of Broad Institute of Harvard MIT Lund University Novartis Institutes of BioMedical Research Saxena R Voight BF Lyssenko V Burtt NP de Bakker PI Chen H Roix JJ Kathiresan S Hirschhorn JN Daly MJ Hughes TE Groop L Altshuler D Almgren P Florez JC Meyer J Ardlie K Bengtsson Boström K Isomaa B Lettre G Lindblad U Lyon HN Melander O Newton-Cheh C Nilsson P Orho-Melander M Råstam L Speliotes EK Taskinen MR Tuomi T Guiducci C Berglund A Carlson J Gianniny L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5829):1331-1336
New strategies for prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) require improved insight into disease etiology. We analyzed 386,731 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1464 patients with T2D and 1467 matched controls, each characterized for measures of glucose metabolism, lipids, obesity, and blood pressure. With collaborators (FUSION and WTCCC/UKT2D), we identified and confirmed three loci associated with T2D-in a noncoding region near CDKN2A and CDKN2B, in an intron of IGF2BP2, and an intron of CDKAL1-and replicated associations near HHEX and in SLC30A8 found by a recent whole-genome association study. We identified and confirmed association of a SNP in an intron of glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) with serum triglycerides. The discovery of associated variants in unsuspected genes and outside coding regions illustrates the ability of genome-wide association studies to provide potentially important clues to the pathogenesis of common diseases. 相似文献
229.