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111.
Retman Sergiy Kyslykh Tetiana Shevchuk Olga Kozub Natalia Sozinov Igor Karelov Anatolii Chernychenko Sergiy 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(6):1479-1485
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - False eyespot disease caused by Gibellina cerealis (Pass.) Pass. was first detected in Ukraine during field inspections of wheat canopies in... 相似文献
112.
Juan de Dios Figueroa José Juan Véles Medina Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde Flavio Aragón Cuevas Marcela Gaytán Martínez Ezequiel Chávez Martínez Natalia Palacios Martha Willcox 《Journal of Cereal Science》2013
Eleven maize landraces were evaluated for pozole quality. The microstructural, thermal and rheological properties of annealed starch granules determine most of the quality of pozole. Annealed starch in traditional nixtamalisation has an important role in increasing gelatinisation onset (To), peak (Tp) and final (Tf) temperatures; peak, setback and final viscosity as well as the stability of the starch granule, all of which significantly affect pozole quality. Annealed starch in Cacahuacintle nixtamal (pozole end-use) increased temperatures To, Tp and Tf by >5.2, >3.8 and >4.1 °C respectively, and narrowed the range Tf − To from 13.78 to 12.62 °C. The enthalpy was reduced from 6.76 to 5.85 J/g, while the nixtamal starch in tortilla maize landraces presented fewer annealing effects. The annealing effect in nixtamal starch seems to stabilize the starch granules and avoid their collapse, compared to native starch, as shown by the X-ray diffraction peak intensity and pattern that is similar to unprocessed maize. Starch in nixtamal changes from Type A to Type V pattern in pozole. Kernel physical parameters, although important, affected the quality to a lesser extent, with the exception of the flotation index. Cacahuacintle maize landrace showed the best quality and yield as well as a short pozole cooking time. 相似文献
113.
114.
Nadezhda E. Ustyuzhanina Natalia A. Ushakova Ksenia A. Zyuzina Maria I. Bilan Anna L. Elizarova Oksana V. Somonova Albina V. Madzhuga Vadim B. Krylov Marina E. Preobrazhenskaya Anatolii I. Usov Mikhail V. Kiselevskiy Nikolay E. Nifantiev 《Marine drugs》2013,11(7):2444-2458
Three structurally different fucoidans from the brown seaweeds Saccharina latissima (SL), Fucus vesiculosus (FV), and Cladosiphon okamuranus (CO), two chemically modified fucoidans with a higher degree of sulfation (SL-S, CO-S), and a synthetic totally sulfated octasaccharide (OS), related to fucoidans, were assessed on anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities in different in vitro experiments. The effects were shown to depend on the structural features of the compounds tested. Native fucoidan SL with a degree of sulfation (DS) of 1.3 was found to be the most active sample, fucoidan FV (DS 0.9) demonstrated moderate activity, while the polysaccharide CO (DS 0.4) was inactive in all performed experiments, even at high concentrations. Additional introduction of sulfate groups into fucoidan SL slightly decreased the anticoagulant effect of SL-S, while sulfation of CO, giving rise to the preparation CO-S, increased the activity dramatically. The high level of anticoagulant activity of polysaccharides SL, SL-S, and CO-S was explained by their ability to form ternary complexes with ATIII-Xa and ATIII-IIa, as well as to bind directly to thrombin. Synthetic per-O-sulfated octasaccharide OS showed moderate anticoagulant effect, determined mainly by the interaction of OS with the factor Xa in the presence of ATIII. Comparable tendencies were observed in the antithrombotic properties of the compounds tested. 相似文献
115.
Occurrence and distribution study of residues from pesticides applied under controlled conditions in the field during rice processing 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pareja L Colazzo M Pérez-Parada A Besil N Heinzen H Böcking B Cesio V Fernández-Alba AR 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(18):4440-4448
The results of an experiment to study the occurrence and distribution of pesticide residues during rice cropping and processing are reported. Four herbicides, nine fungicides, and two insecticides (azoxystrobin, byspiribac-sodium, carbendazim, clomazone, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, isoprothiolane, kresoxim-methyl, propanil, quinclorac, tebuconazole, thiamethoxam, tricyclazole, trifloxystrobin, λ-cyhalotrin) were applied to an isolated rice-crop plot under controlled conditions, during the 2009-2010 cropping season in Uruguay. Paddy rice was harvested and industrially processed to brown rice, white rice, and rice bran, which were analyzed for pesticide residues using the original QuEChERS methodology and its citrate variation by LC-MS/MS and GC-MS. The distribution of pesticide residues was uneven among the different matrices. Ten different pesticide residues were found in paddy rice, seven in brown rice, and eight in rice bran. The highest concentrations were detected in paddy rice. These results provide information regarding the fate of pesticides in the rice food chain and its safety for consumers. 相似文献
116.
Raquel Simarro Natalia González L. Fernando Bautista M. Carmen Molina Emanuele Schiavi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(6):3437-3444
For a bioremediation process to be effective, we suggest to perform preliminary studies in laboratory to describe and characterize physicochemical and biological parameters (type and concentration of nutrients, type and number of microorganisms, temperature) of the environment concerned. We consider that these studies should be done by taking into account the simultaneous interaction between different factors. By knowing the response capacity to pollutants, it is possible to select and modify the right treatment conditions to enhance bioremediation. 相似文献
117.
Natalia Ramos Mertz Elsa Judith Guevara Agudelo Fernanda Soares Sales Cristhiane Rohde Alcides Moino Jr. 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(2):179-187
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) have limited ability to travel and need to adopt alternative strategies to reach hosts that are far away. They can attach themselves to an organism that acts only as a dispersal agent to transport the EPN to places that they cannot reach by themselves. The larval and adult stages of Calosoma granulatum (Coleoptera: Carabidae) beetle are important predators of caterpillars that live in the soil of Brazilian agricultural systems. The nematode Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) is a native of Brazil and plays a major role in the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) caterpillars. This study assessed the ability of C. granulatum to carry and disperse H. amazonensis. The experimental arenas consisted of two types of containers with substrate connected by a plastic tube through which the insects could move freely. Only one of the containers received infective juveniles (IJ) and the other was used as the test container. We first used C. granulatum larvae and adults to evaluate the influence of different concentrations of IJs on phoretic behavior. Then different distances traveled by the adult beetle were tested to measure their effect on IJ transport. The results showed that C. granulatum is a good phoretic dispersal agent and the transport of IJs by the larvae is less influenced than transport by the adult, by a change in the IJ concentration. The distance traveled by the adult influences the number of EPN carried and the detection of phoresy even at greater distances (40 cm) indicates that C. granulatum is capable of transporting the EPN for distances greater than those evaluated. 相似文献
118.
Jordi Marsal Merce Mata Jesus del Campo Amadeu Arbones Xavier Vallverdú Joan Girona Natalia Olivo 《Irrigation Science》2008,26(4):347-356
The use of partial root-drying (PRD) irrigation implies doubling pipelines instead of using a conventional single pipeline.
However, pipelines can be spaced a short distance apart (e.g. 1 m) along the vine row (“D” layout) or joined with cable ties
and laid as a single pipeline (“S” layout). Pipelines in “S” configuration are laid under the vine row, and in “D” at both
sides of the vine row. These two different layouts can change the wetted soil zone and affect grapevine response to irrigation.
The focus of this study was therefore on establishing the role of pipeline layout in vine-grape (cv. ‘Tempranillo’) response
under semi-arid conditions in which PRD is managed as a deficit irrigation technique. Six irrigation treatments were applied,
which resulted from the combination of Control (C, full irrigation), PRD and seasonal sustained deficit irrigation (SSDI),
and “S” and “D” pipeline layouts. SSDI and PRD were irrigated to 50% C throughout the irrigation season, and C irrigation
was scheduled according to a crop water balance technique. Midday stem water potential (Ψstem) and leaf conductance (gl) indicated that, on the whole, PRD treatments had a slightly higher water status than SSDI treatments, but a substantially
lower status than C treatments. Use of the “D” pipeline layout significantly reduced Ψstem in both PRD and SSDI treatments and in some instances for Control conditions, too. Berry yield, vine intercepted radiation,
leaf abscisic acid (ABA) and gl were highly correlated with Ψstem. Differences in water status between PRD-S and SSDI-S, according to a sub-surface irrigation test, seemed to be more related
to changes in soil evaporation losses and irrigation efficiency than to any intrinsic PRD effect. PRD-S accounted for water
savings equivalent to 10% according to the ratio between applied water and grape production for the SSDI-S treatment, whereas
PRD-D berry yield was not significantly different from that associated with the SSDI-S treatment. In conclusion, under the
growing conditions of this experiment, PRD-S offered the possibility of slightly improving water conservation when irrigation
was applied to the soil surface. 相似文献
119.
The role of weather and density dependence on population dynamics of Alpine‐dwelling red deer
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The dynamics of red deer Cervus elaphus populations has been investigated across different environmental conditions, with the notable exception of the European Alps. Although the population dynamics of mountain‐dwelling ungulates is typically influenced by the interaction between winter severity and density, the increase of temperatures and the reduction of snowpack occurring on the Alps since the 1980s may be expected to alter this pattern, especially in populations dwelling at medium ‐ low elevations. Taking advantage of a 29‐year time series of spring count data, we explored the role of weather stochasticity and density dependence on growth rate and vital rates (mortality and weaning success), and the density‐dependent variation in body mass in a red deer population of the Italian Alps. The interaction between increasing values of density and snow depth exerted negative and positive effects on growth and mortality rates, respectively, while weaning success was negatively affected by increasing values of density, female‐biased sex ratio and snow depth. Body mass of males and females of different age classes declined as population size increased. Our data support the role of winter severity and density dependence as key components of red deer population dynamics, and provide insight into the species' ecology on the European Alps. Despite the recent decline of snowpack on the Alpine Region, the negative impacts of winter severity and population abundance on growth rrate (possibly mediated by the density‐dependent decline in body mass) confirms the importance of overwinter mortality in affecting the population dynamics of Alpine‐dwelling red deer. 相似文献
120.
Natalia V. Girsova Kristi D. Bottner-Parker Damir Z. Bogoutdinov Tatyana B. Kastalyeva Yuri I. Meshkov Karina A. Mozhaeva Ing-Ming Lee 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,149(3):599-610
A large scale survey of diseased legume plants (mainly clover and alfalfa in the Fabaceae family) was conducted from 2009 to 2013 in four Economic Regions of Russia, Northern (Arkhangelsk and Vologda oblast), Central (Moscow oblast), Volga (Samara oblast) and West Siberian (Novosibirsk oblast). The majority of infected clover plants exhibited symptoms typical of clover phyllody (CPh), clover yellow edge (CYE), or clover proliferation (CP), and infected alfalfa plants exhibited symptoms typical of alfalfa witches’-broom (AWB). Of 161 symptomatic plants from 22 different legume species, 103 tested positive for phytoplasma infection. Phytoplasmas belonging to four groups and six subgroups were detected, of which 31.1% were group 16SrI, with the majority belonging to subgroup 16SrI-C- (causal agent of CPh disease), two belonging to 16SrI-B and two group 16SrI phytoplasmas not identified to the subgroup level;47.6% were group 16SrIII, with the majority belonging to subgroup 16SrIII-B or 16SrIII-B variant (causal agent of CYE disease), and one strain belonging to16SrIII-F; 8.7% were subgroup 16SrVI-A (causal agent of CP and AWB diseases); 9.7% were subgroup 16SrXII-A (causal agent of AWB disease); and 2.9% were mixed infected with subgroups 16SrIII-B and 16SrI-C. The predominant phytoplasma species detected varied by region. In the Northern and Central Regions, the majority of the phytoplasmas detected belonged to subgroups 16SrI-C and 16SrIII-B. In the West Siberian and the Volga Regions, the phytoplasmas predominately detected belonged to subgroups 16SrVI-A and 16SrXII-A, respectively. Subgroup 16SrIII-F was detected in a single plant in the West Siberian Region and a mixed infection of 16SrIII-B and 16SrI-C was detected in three plants, one in the Northern Region and two in the Central Region. Eleven species of insects of the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha, were collected from leguminous plants in the Moscow oblast of the Central Region. Euscelis incisus and Aphrodes bicinctus were the most prevalent species and may be potential phytoplasma vectors in the Central Region. 相似文献