Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Buffalo Keap1 Gene and Investigation of Its Expression Pattern in Different Tissues

In this study,the CDS sequence of buffalo Keap1 gene was cloned and analyzed,then its expression pattern in different tissues was also investigated.A pair of primers of buffalo Keap1 gene was designed based on the nucleotide sequence of Bos taurus Keap1 gene from GenBank,and then the buffalo Keap1 gene was amplified.Using the bioinformation techniques,the gene sequence and the protein structure were analyzed.The expression level of Keap1 gene in different tissues were detected with Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the length of buffalo Keap1 gene coding sequence was 1 875 bp and encoded 624 amino acids.The multiple sequence alignment results showed that buffalo Keap1 gene shared 99%,96%,92% and 90% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos taurus,Ovis aries,Sus scrofa and Homo sapiens,respectively.And the phyogenetic tree also showed the conservatism between several different species.The second structure of buffalo Keap1 protein was predicted as 24 alpha regions,40 beta regions,38 turn regions and 27 coil regions.In addition,the results of Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Keap1 mRNA exists in all seven tissues,but the most abundant expression was in heart and the minimal expression was in liver and spleen.The results provided an foundation for further study of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signal pathway,for enhancing the ability of antioxidant of buffalo embryo in vitro culture.     

吉林省蜜蜂疫病危害现状及发展对策

调查分析了吉林省主要蜜蜂饲养区蜜蜂疫病危害的现状,发现蜜蜂白垩病(56%)、蜂螨(40%)及爬蜂病(20%)为吉林省3大主要蜜蜂病害,同时通过实验室检测病蜂样本发现,蜜蜂微孢子虫的隐性感染情况较为严重,32%的蜂场存在不同程度的感染,应引起重视。蜜蜂敌害中胡蜂危害(42%)较为严重,个别蜂场兼受地胆、蚂蚁及蟾蜍的侵害。蜂病的确诊是目前饲养者面临的第一难题,建议尽快建立蜜蜂疫病防治技术体系,宣传蜜蜂健康养殖技术,加强流行病学及相关基础研究,加大抗病蜂种的培育力度,加快无公害对症蜂药的研究进展,给饲养者养成防患于未然、饲养强群等优良习惯,为蜜蜂产业的健康发展奠定良好的基础。     

西藏“两江四河”流域生态化造林绿化模式的探讨

生态化造林绿化既是一项生态工程,也是一项社会和经济工程,既强调造林绿化对促进区域自然生态系统向良性循环方向演替的功能,也注重造林绿化对地方经社会发展和满足人们生产生活需求的贡献。依据西藏"两江四河"流域的自然条件和生态状况,从生态化的角度,对区域内造林绿化模式进行了探讨。     

中药冲剂抗蛋鸡热应激药效学研究

为探讨中药冲剂抗蛋鸡热应激的药效学特征,按0.6 g/(只·d)剂量经口给予热应激蛋鸡中药冲剂,考察其对蛋鸡生产性能及血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,中药冲剂抗蛋鸡热应激效果良好,平均产蛋率比对照组提高10.08%(P0.01),饲料报酬提高26%(P0.01),并能调节热应激蛋鸡血液p H值、血浆钙含量、血浆皮质醇含量至正常水平。     

Genome-wide Association Study of Teats Number Traits in Kele Pigs

Teats number is one of the most important reproductive traits,and closely related to the economic benefit in pig industry.In order to reveal the underlying genetics of left teats number,right teats number and total teats number traits,a genome-wide association study（GWAS）was performed.Samples of DNA were collected to genotyping for 22 Kele pigs using the Illumina Porcine SNP 60K Chip.The GWAS was performed using a mixed-effects model and linear regression approach.When a genome-wide threshold was determined using the Bonferroni method（P<2.06E-5),4 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNP）markers were potentially associated with left teats number,right teats number and total teat number.However,3 SNPs were significant associated and 18 SNPs were potentially associated in chromosomes level.304 Ensembl genes were retrieved around 1 cM of the associated SNPs.The candidate genes in Wnt and Fgf signaling pathway（BTRC,FGF5,FGF8,BMP3,RASGEF1B and HMGB3）might have effect on target traits.These results provided valuable information about the selective breeding for Kele pigs.     

龙眼果实低温贮藏性能常规指标评价体系的构建

以6个品种的龙眼果实为试验材料，监测了低温[（4±0.5）℃]贮藏期间25个常规指标，运用相关分析、因子分析和逐步回归分析方法对果实的贮藏性能进行综合评估。结果表明：（1）分别得到了与褐变指数、自溶指数、衰老度和失重率等显著相关的指标公因子组成及其解释指标，并构建了相应的数学预测模型；（2）通过逐步回归分析，得到了不同贮藏效果的有效评价指标，其中，褐变指数包括失重率、皮电导率、皮果糖和皮还原糖，自溶指数为肉还原糖，失重率包括肉还原糖和皮蔗糖，衰老度包括皮果糖、皮电导率和失重率； （3）6个品种中，石硖贮藏性能最好，其次为储良、立冬本、水眼、东壁，后壁埔最差，评价指标中，皮电导率作用最大，其次是失重率、皮果糖和皮还原糖，肉还原糖作用最小； （4）本研究得到的4个预测模型中，除自溶指数外，其它3个均具有较好的解释作用。     

适宜天津市基质栽培的番茄品种筛选

利用基质栽培技术,以番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)为供试材料,比较了天津市常用的11个番茄品种部分农艺性状、经济性状、果实营养成分指标的差异,通过对这些指标的分析,筛选出最适宜天津市基质栽培的番茄品种。结果表明,粉皇后和傲兰6号在产量、单果重等指标中表现比较突出,适合在天津市以基质栽培方式推广应用。     

皱皮香猪HAS2基因SNPs的鉴定及生物信息学分析

为了探究皱皮香猪全身性皮肤褶皱是否与透明质酸合成酶2（hyaluronan synthase 2,HAS2）基因变异有关,本研究以普通香猪为对照,采用特异性PCR方法克隆HAS2基因的外显子编码区,应用生物信息学方法分析测定基因编码区的碱基变异,检测变异位点在群体中的分布频率。结果显示,皱皮香猪HAS2基因中检测到4个SNPs位点：位于外显子1的T221A错义突变（导致亮氨酸替换为赖氨酸）和A228G同义突变,位于外显子2的T183C和外显子4的C537T同义突变。生物信息学分析发现,T221A和A228G位点构成4种单倍型,其中T-A为皱皮香猪群体的主要单倍型（27.5%）,且在皱皮香猪群体中紧密连锁（r²=0.253）,而且T221A和A228G突变可引起mRNA自由能和蛋白质结构发生变化,TA组合的自由能为-573.29 kJ·mol^-1,TG组合的自由能为-580.89 kJ·mol^-1,AG组合的自由能为-572.66 kJ·mol^-1;AA组合的自由能为-571.03 kJ·mol^-1;蛋白序列中亮氨酸替换为赖氨酸后,α螺旋由35.52%降为32.97%,自由卷曲由43.17%升至44.51%,同时引起蛋白序列三级结构的改变。位点T221A和A228G在香猪群体中呈现出丰富的多态性,均表现出3种基因型;关联分析结果显示,皱皮香猪T221A位点的A等位基因频率显著高于普通香猪（P<0.05）,A228G位点中皱皮香猪的G等位基因频率极显著高于普通香猪（P<0.01）。T183C位点的C等位基因频率和C537T位点的T等位基因频率在皱皮香猪和普通香猪间未达到显著性差异（P>0.05）。研究结果揭示,HAS2基因的外显子1中发生的两个碱基变异可能影响基因转录后mRNA的稳定性以及蛋白的三维结构,影响HA的合成量,并与皱皮香猪体侧皮肤不均匀增厚且发生褶皱有关。