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41.
Hayley Weston Murphy Michele Miller Jan Ramer Dominic Travis Robyn Barbiers Nathan D Wolfe William M Switzer 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2006,37(3):219-233
Nonhuman primates can be naturally infected with a plethora of viruses with zoonotic potential, including retroviruses. These simian viruses present risks to both captive nonhuman primate populations and persons exposed to nonhuman primates. Simian retroviruses, including simian immunodeficiency virus, simian type D retrovirus, simian T-lymphotropic virus, and gibbon ape leukemia virus, have been shown to cause clinical disease in nonhuman primates. In contrast, simian foamy virus, a retrovirus that is highly prevalent in most nonhuman primates, has not been associated with clinical disease in naturally infected primates. Although it has been shown that human retrovirus infections with human T-lymphotropic virus and human immunodeficiency virus originated through multiple independent introductions of simian retroviruses into human populations that then spread globally, little is known about the frequency of such zoonotic events. In this article, exogenous simian retroviruses are reviewed as a concern for zoo and wildlife veterinarians, primate handlers, other persons in direct contact with nonhuman primates, and other nonhuman primates in a collection. The health implications for individual animals as well as managed populations in zoos and research institutions are discussed, the cross-species transmission and zoonotic disease potential of simian retroviruses are described, and suggestions for working safely with nonhuman primates are provided. 相似文献
42.
This article offers information regarding selected veterinary information resources, along with basic search strategies for locating clinical evidence within these resources. No one database provides adequate indexing and abstracting to all literature relevant to the veterinary clinical question. An understanding of a database's syntax and field structure is necessary to formulate a functional search strategy and evaluate the outcome of search results. Flexibility when identifying, selecting, and combining search terms is also required to avoid overlimiting a search. 相似文献
43.
A. Hayes V. Adams K. Smith G. Maglennon S. Murphy 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2007,5(3):168-176
The effect of treatment with vinblastine and prednisolone chemotherapy in dogs undergoing only surgical excision of Patnaik grade III cutaneous mast cell tumours is reported. Potential explanatory variables were explored using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis with log‐rank tests. During a median follow‐up period of 429 days, the overall median survival time (MST) was not reached (lower 95% CI = 322 days). The 1‐year survival probability was 0.71 (standard error 0.1), remaining unchanged at 2 years. Secondary disease at presentation was an independent risk factor for survival (P= 0.045). The MST of dogs presenting with secondary disease was 322 days, with a lower 95% confidence interval of 142 days and a 1‐year survival of probability of 0.47 (standard error 0.19). Adverse effects were recorded in 6 of the 108 (5.6%) vinblastine doses given. This chemotherapy regimen is a well‐tolerated adjunct to surgery for grade III mast cell tumours and appears to prolong survival compared with that expected with surgery alone. 相似文献
44.
Kathy N. Wright DVM Dipl. ACVIM Timothy K. Knilans MD Holly M. Irvin 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2006,8(2):95-107
Radiofrequency catheter ablative techniques provide a unique opportunity to cure dogs of certain supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, rather than simply controlling the rhythm with drug therapy. Accessory pathways, which can participate as one limb of a rapid, narrow complex tachyarrhythmia circuit, have a particularly high cure rate with radiofrequency catheter ablation. Focal atrial tachycardias also provide a substrate that can be amenable to ablation. Tachycardia-induced myocardial dysfunction resulting from frequent tachyarrhythmic episodes will resolve after a successful ablation. This report outlines the indications, equipment, and techniques used in dogs for performing catheter ablation with temperature-controlled radiofrequency energy delivery. 相似文献
45.
2000年重新修订的欧盟食品与饲料法正促使食物生产链发生重要的变化,该法律要求生产商提高产品质量,同时要求他们能够证明所生产产品的安全性和功效,否则必须退出欧盟市场。一个利用特殊酵母菌株生产的硒酵母产品成为欧盟新食品与饲料法颁布后首个获准生产的饲料添加剂之一,由此反映了社会对资源和创新的需求。 相似文献
46.
ZÜLFIKAR SARITAS PhD DVM ERDOGAN SAMSAR DVM PERRAN GÖKGE DVM S. FEHMI KATIRCIOGLU MD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1998,27(4):378-383
Objective—To compare enoximone with epinephrine as treatments for the cardiotoxic effects of protamine sulfate.
Study Design—Prospective randomized study.
Animal Population—12 healthy cross-bred dogs weighing 23 ± 4 kg.
Methods—The dogs were anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine to allow instrumentation. Femoral arterial and venous catheters were inserted for pressure monitoring and to allow drug infusion. A thermodilution catheter mounted with a fast response thermistor was inserted into the pulmonary artery via the jugular vein to measure cardiac output and right ventricular volumes. Heparin 300 units/kg followed by protamine 4.5 mg/kg were administered 45 minutes after the xylazine/ketamine. Four animals were not treated (controls), four received enoximone, and four were given epinephrine. Cardiopulmonary parameters were monitored for a period of 30 minutes.
Results—Cardiac index was 104 ± 15 mL/kg/min in the enoximone group, 72 ± 13 mL/kg/ min in the epinephrine group, and 63 ± 10 mL/kg/min in the control group ( P < .05 enoximone versus control and epinephrine). Right ventricular end systolic volume was 18 ± 3, 27 ± 4, and 29 ± 6 mL in the enoximone, epinephrine, and control groups ( P < .05 enoximone versus control and epinephrine). There were no differences in mean arterial pressure or pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance between the groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In this study, enoximone was more effective than epinephrine at reversing the hemodynamic changes associated with protamine sulfate administration. 相似文献
Study Design—Prospective randomized study.
Animal Population—12 healthy cross-bred dogs weighing 23 ± 4 kg.
Methods—The dogs were anesthetized with xylazine and ketamine to allow instrumentation. Femoral arterial and venous catheters were inserted for pressure monitoring and to allow drug infusion. A thermodilution catheter mounted with a fast response thermistor was inserted into the pulmonary artery via the jugular vein to measure cardiac output and right ventricular volumes. Heparin 300 units/kg followed by protamine 4.5 mg/kg were administered 45 minutes after the xylazine/ketamine. Four animals were not treated (controls), four received enoximone, and four were given epinephrine. Cardiopulmonary parameters were monitored for a period of 30 minutes.
Results—Cardiac index was 104 ± 15 mL/kg/min in the enoximone group, 72 ± 13 mL/kg/ min in the epinephrine group, and 63 ± 10 mL/kg/min in the control group ( P < .05 enoximone versus control and epinephrine). Right ventricular end systolic volume was 18 ± 3, 27 ± 4, and 29 ± 6 mL in the enoximone, epinephrine, and control groups ( P < .05 enoximone versus control and epinephrine). There were no differences in mean arterial pressure or pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance between the groups.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In this study, enoximone was more effective than epinephrine at reversing the hemodynamic changes associated with protamine sulfate administration. 相似文献
47.
Debra K. Baird DVM John T. Hathcock DVM MS Steven A. Kincaid DVM MS PhD Paul F. Rumph DVM MS John Kammermann MS William R. Widmer DVM MS Denise Visco PhD Donald Sweet MD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1998,39(3):167-173
Six healthy adult male mongrel dogs underwent cranial cruciate ligament transection in the left stifle. Survey radiography of both stifles and low-field (0.064 T) MRI of the left stifle were performed preoperatively and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Focal changes in signal intensity were seen with MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle at 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively. At 12 weeks postoperative, a cyst-like lesion was detected using MRI in the subchondral bone of the medial tibial condyle in 4 of 6 dogs and a less defined lesion at this site in the remaining 2 dogs. The cyst-like lesion was spherical in shape and showed typical characteristics of fluid with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and high signal intensity on inversion recovery images. The lesion was seen in the subchondral bone of the caudal medial and/or middle region of the tibial plateau slightly cranial to the insertion of the caudal cruciate ligament. No subchondral cysts were seen in the tibia on radiographs. Histopathologically, the tibia was characterized by a loose myxomatous phase of early subchondral cyst formation. 相似文献
48.
Piper L. Wall DVM PhD † Akella Chendrasekhar MD †Gregory A. Timberlake MD † 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1998,8(2):109-115
The accuracy and precision of an end-tidal infrared CO2 monitor and customized capnography tubing system designed to measure gastrointestinal intraluminal CO2 partial pressure (Pi CO2 ) were tested in vitro. Samples were taken from the customized capnography tubing placed in either 5% or 10% CO2 gas at discrete intervals ranging from one minute to twelve minutes. For a given time interval, the tubing PCO2 measurement was a constant fraction of the actual PCO2 (all standard errors < 0.02). For increasing time intervals, the ratio of the tubing PCO2 to actual PCO2 increased logarithmically. In the 5% and 10% CO2 , the regression coefficients were 0.89 and 0.85 for 8 French tubing and 0.99 and 0.91 for 6 French tubing. Beacuase of its accuracy and precision, this system may provide automated gastrointestinal CO2 partial pressure monitoring at short intervals (e.g. 5 minutes), facilitating testing of the role of gastrointestinal Pi CO2 information in treatment algorithms. (Vet Emerg & Crit Care, 1998; 8: 109–116) 相似文献
49.
Angular deformities of 25 or 37 degrees valgus were created by transverse wedge osteotomies in the diaphysis of the radius in 3-month-old Cocker Spaniels. Spontaneous correction was judged from radiographs until skeletal maturity. The magnitude of correction was estimated, using the opposite normal leg as a control. Asymmetrical physeal growth corrected the induced angulation between the proximal and distal radial joint plane surfaces (joint plane angle). The average correction of the joint plane angle was 80% in the 25 degree group, and 72% in the 37 degree group. Bone remodeling of the radial shaft corrected the induced diaphyseal angulation by 50% in both groups during the study. 相似文献
50.