常春藤无土栽培试验

通过分析比较无土栽培多种基质的结构及理化性质,选择蛭石作为常春藤的无土栽培介质.在参考国内外众多营养液配方的基础上,霍格兰营养液和观叶花卉专用营养液均含有常春藤生长所需的成分,为植株生长提供了合适、均衡的营养条件.自制了一种成本低廉,配制简便的营养液,与2种通用营养液一起进行了对比试验.结果表明:利用自制营养液进行常春藤无土栽培不仅成本低,易操作,且成活率高,生长状况良好等优点,是较好的无土栽培营养液.     

基于AMSR-2蒙古高原土壤水分反演及 对气象因子响应分析

土壤水分是地表水文过程研究的一个重要参数,是众多环境因子综合作用的结果,科学判定土壤水分对环境因子的响应特性,对在蒙古高原地区开展干旱监测预警,调整农业生产结构,改善区域生态环境具有重要意义。本研究基于AMSR-2观测亮温、SPOT-NDVI数据,利用微波辐射传输模型及粗糙地表发射率Qp模型,构建适合蒙古高原的土壤水分反演方程,同时将模型应用于2013年蒙古高原植被生长期土壤水分反演。在此基础上,结合TRMM 3B43降雨量及气象站点气温数据,探讨了蒙古高原土壤水分对气象因子及植被的响应特性。结果表明:1)构建的蒙古高原表层土壤水分反演模型精度较高,土壤水分反演值与实测值的判定系数为0.680 6,均方根误差(RMSE)达0.031 6 cm3·cm-3,反演结果明显优于JAXA提供的AMSR-2土壤水分产品数据(RMSE=0.044 1 cm3·cm-3)。2)TRMM 3B43降雨数据与实测降雨量线性拟合,其判定系数为0.859 8,直线拟合斜率K=0.941 5,在数值上较站点实测值略微偏低,表明TRMM 3B43数据精度较高,在蒙古高原具有很好的适用性。3)蒙古高原植被生长期土壤水分、植被指数及降水量在空间格局上均表现出由北向南、由东北向西南逐渐减少的趋势。干旱区,土壤水分对气温变化最敏感,二者表现出显著正相关关系,其次为降水和植被;半干旱区,植被是影响土壤水分的关键因子,而气温与降水对土壤水分影响呈现出季节性变化;半湿润区3个因子对土壤水分的影响程度表现为植被降水气温。总之,利用土壤水分对气象因子和植被的响应特性,可以采取适当措施降低蒙古高原灾害发生风险,为区域生态环境建设提供科学依据。     

漆酶基因异源表达及其酶活性的研究进展

近年来由于漆酶在生物漂白和农作物秸秆利用等方面具有广阔的应用前景,对漆酶的研究越来越受到国内外学者的重视。然而,自然界漆酶的产量和酶活较低,难以适应工业化生产需求。此外,漆酶的产酶效率低,成本高。实现漆酶的异源高效表达是解决这一问题的有效途径。目前,国内外已有多种来源的漆酶基因被成功克隆,并在不同的宿主细胞中实现异源表达,但迄今为止漆酶基因异源表达结果仍然不理想,离真正实现漆酶的高效表达还有一定距离。     

黑龙江省高校图书馆信息资源共建共享现状调查分析

信息资源共建共享是高校图书馆信息资源建设的重要内容。文章通过对黑龙江省高校图书馆信息资源共建共享现状进行调查和分析,总结信息资源共建共享存在的问题,并且提出实现黑龙江省高校图书馆信息资源共建共享的建设策略。     

寒地水稻应用日式钵育秧盘试验简报

以水稻品种空育131为材料,采用小区对比试验方法,研究日式钵育秧盘对寒地水稻植株形态特征和产量形成因子的影响,以探明其对水稻生长和产量的影响。结果表明:水稻应用日式钵育秧盘是通过增加每穴穗数、每穗着粒数和千粒重来提高产量。并在抽穗期,增加了LAI、有效叶面积率和叶片长、宽等指标促进干物质积累。     

陕甘宁青蒙相邻干旱地区近530年旱涝灾害、突变分析及其趋势预测

本文以研究范围内有代表性的 1 3个气象台站自 1 470年至 2 0 0 0年旱涝等级资料为基础 ,采用平均旱涝等级值和旱涝灾害指数作为旱涝灾害的指标 ,较确切地反映出该研究范围内各年旱涝灾害轻重的程度 ;凭籍 L epage检验、功率谱等方法 ,对近 5 30年的不同时间尺度的阶段性、周期性和突变特点进行了分析 ;引进均生函数累加延拓的时序建模方案 ,对该区的旱涝灾害序列有很好的拟合和预测效果。     

Serum cobalamin concentrations in healthy cats and cats with non-alimentary tract illness in Australia

Objective   To determine a reference range for serum cobalamin concentration in healthy cats in Australia using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and to prospectively investigate the prevalence of hypocobalaminaemia in cats with non-alimentary tract disease.
Design   Prospective study measuring serum cobalamin concentrations in clinically healthy cats and cats with non-alimentary tract illness.
Procedure   Blood was collected from 50 clinically healthy cats that were owned by staff and associates of Veterinary Specialist Services or were owned animals presented to Creek Road Cat Clinic for routine vaccination. Blood was collected from 47 cats with non-alimentary tract illness presented at either clinic. Serum cobalamin concentration was determined for each group using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Results   A reference range for Australian cats calculated using the central 95th percentile in the 50 clinically healthy cats was 345 to 3668 pg/mL. Median serum cobalamin concentration in 47 cats with non-alimentary tract illness (1186 pg/mL; range 117–3480) was not significantly different to the median serum cobalamin of the 50 healthy cats (1213 pg/mL, range 311–3688). Using the calculated reference range one sick cat with non-alimentary tract illness had a markedly low serum cobalamin concentration.
Conclusion   Although hypocobalaminaemia is uncommon in sick cats with non-alimentary tract illness in Australia, its occurrence in this study warrants further investigation.     

A bird's‐eye view of reservoirs in the Mississippi Basin tips a need for large‐scale coordination

Reservoirs are mostly managed at local scales as spatially independent units. A basin‐scale perspective may increase awareness at a broader scope and generate insight not evident at local scales. We examined the array of reservoir attributes and fisheries in the Mississippi Basin to identify management opportunities. The basin is the third largest in the world and includes over 1,700 reservoirs >100 ha, the most of any river basin. Our bird's‐eye view shows a piecemeal approach where reservoirs are mostly administered at the local level. Basin‐wide or catchment coordination to holistically address problems that recur across the basin is mostly lacking. A basin‐wide coordination arrangement could facilitate various facets of reservoir management. We reviewed governance arrangements in major river basins across the globe and concluded that the basin‐wide administrative layer we encourage for the Mississippi Basin may already exist in some basins but may not be directly applicable everywhere.     

速生杨木单板高频加热层积弯曲胶合工艺研究

利用速生杨木单板,采用高频加热层积弯曲胶合工艺生产弯曲构件,探讨速生杨木代替优质阔叶材生产曲木家具的可行性,并对影响弯曲构件性能指标的因素进行分析。结果表明:速生杨木单板高频加热层积弯曲胶合构件的各项性能指标均超过了企业相关标准,完全可以代替优质阔叶材,用于曲木家具生产。方差及直观分析结果显示, 单板含水率13%,热压压力1.7 MPa,热压时间5 min,保压冷却时间12 min,即可获得满意的弯曲构件性能指标。     

华北驼绒藜替代不同比例粗饲料对苏尼特羊增重及经济效益的影响

试验将驼绒藜按不同精粗比配合成颗粒日粮饲喂苏尼特羊,对比分析驼绒藜日粮与苜蓿日粮、谷草日粮对羊增重的效果。结果表明,华北驼绒藜、苜蓿、谷草铡短粉碎与50%、30%精料混合制成颗粒日粮对绵羊体增重效果最好,日增重可达127 g/d;在荒漠草原区,苜蓿的高价格是限制其推广的主要原因;华北驼绒藜和谷草在30%精料水平下,与同精料水平条件下用苜蓿饲喂绵羊具有相同的增重效果,并可增加纯收入80元/只。