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991.
Konrad JL Moore DP Crudeli G Caspe SG Cano DB Leunda MR Lischinsky L Regidor-Cerrillo J Odeón AC Ortega-Mora LM Echaide I Campero CM 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,187(1-2):72-78
The aim of this study was to characterize the pathogenesis of Neospora caninum in experimentally inoculated pregnant water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Twelve Mediterranean female water buffaloes ranging in age from 4 to 14 years old and seronegative to N. caninum by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) were involved. Ten females were intravenously inoculated with 10(8) tachyzoites of NC-1 strain at 70 (n=3) or 90 (n=7) days of pregnancy (dp). Two control animals were inoculated with placebo at 70 and 90 dp, respectively. Serum samples were obtained weekly following inoculation to the end of the experiment. Three animals inoculated at 70 dp were slaughtered at 28 days post inoculation (dpi), three animals inoculated at 90 dp were slaughtered at 28 dpi and the remaining four animals inoculated at 90 dp were slaughtered at 42 dpi. Fetal fluids from cavities and tissue samples were recovered for IFAT and histopathology, immunohistochemistry and PCR, respectively. Genomic DNA from fetal tissues was used for parasite DNA detection and microsatellite genotyping in order to confirm the NC-1 specific-infection. Dams developed specific antibodies one week after the inoculation and serological titers did not decrease significantly to the end of the experiment. No abortions were recorded during the experimental time; however, one fetus from a dam inoculated at 70 dp was not viable at necropsy. Specific antibodies were detected in only two fetuses from dams inoculated at 90 dp that were slaughtered at 42 dpi. No macroscopic changes in the placentas and organs of viable fetuses were observed. Nonsuppurative placentitis was a common microscopic observation in Neospora-inoculated specimens. Microscopic fetal lesions included nonsuppurative peribronchiolar interstitial pneumonia, epicarditis and myocarditis, interstitial nephritis, myositis and periportal hepatitis. Positive IHC results were obtained in two fetuses from dams inoculated at 70 dp and slaughtered at 28 dpi. N. caninum DNA was detected in placentas and fetuses from all inoculated animals. The pattern of amplified microsatellites from placental and fetal tissues resembled the NC-1 strain. Water buffaloes, like cattle, are susceptible to experimental inoculation with N. caninum at early pregnancy. 相似文献
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993.
Leah M. Moore Syam Dodla Jim Wang Hal O. Liechty 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(12):1455-1473
The Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) has favorable attributes for producing biofuels. Two study sites were established on retired agricultural fields in the LMAV to explore switchgrass (SWITCH) and eastern cottonwood (CTWD) as biofuel feedstocks. A soybean-sorghum rotation (CROP) was also established as a conventional cropping system. Soil efflux gas (carbon dioxide [CO2], methane [CH4], and nitrous oxide [N2O]), microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and dehydrogenase activity were measured for two years. Cumulative growing-season soil CO2 efflux of SWITCH exceeded that of CROP; SWITCH had higher daily CO2 efflux than CTWD and CROP in some months. SWITCH and CTWD had greater Cmic than CROP at both sites. Soil CH4 and N2O efflux rates were low for much of the study, with only short-term differences in soil CH4 observed. Converting these retired agricultural sites to SWITCH increased soil CO2 efflux relative to CROP, with increases attributable to greater plant and microbial respiration. 相似文献
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996.
Trevor W. Moore R. Timothy Bentley Sarah A. Moore Michele Provencher Emma E. Warry Rebecca Kohnken Hock Gan Heng 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(1):44-52
Published information regarding canine vertebral column mast cell tumors (MCTs) is limited. The objectives of this study were to report clinical and advanced imaging findings for a group of dogs with confirmed spinal MCT. Inclusion criteria for this retrospective case series were dogs with spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans and a histological diagnosis of spinal MCT. Clinical, imaging, treatment, and outcome data were recorded. Four dogs met inclusion criteria. One dog had primary spinal MCT and three dogs had metastatic spinal MCT. All four dogs presented for paraspinal hyperesthesia and subacute progressive or acute myelopathy. All CT and MRI lesions were extradural. Two cases exhibited distinct masses in the epidural space. In one case, an epidural tumor invaded from the paravertebral musculature. One case exhibited polyostotic lesions indistinguishable from multiple myeloma by MRI. One dog with a primary epidural low‐grade MCT remains clinically normal 4 years postoperatively, following adjunctive lomustine. An epidural high‐grade MCT, metastatic from a cutaneous tumor, recurred within 2 months of surgery despite adjunctive vinblastine. Two high‐grade cases with concurrent visceral involvement were euthanized immediately after imaging. In dogs, MCT should be considered as a differential diagnosis for a progressive painful myelopathy and CT or MRI evidence of an extradural spinal lesion (epidural, paravertebral, or polyostotic). While more often associated with cutaneous or disseminated disease, MCT may also occur as a primary tumor of the epidural space in dogs. 相似文献
997.
998.
A literature review of reports of the stability and storage of common injectable chemotherapy agents used in veterinary patients 下载免费PDF全文
Many chemotherapy drugs used in human patients are discarded after single use or within 24 h of reconstitution, as per the manufacturer's product label recommendations. This can be wasteful and costly to veterinary clients. This report reviews the published stability and storage data for 19 injectable chemotherapy drugs commonly used in veterinary medicine. Based on these data, storage procedures are presented, assuming aseptic technique and a closed system drug transfer device (CSDTD) are used for drug preparation and handling. Further studies on the risk of microbiological contamination of chemotherapeutics using a CSDTD, and validated high quality drug assays such as stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography, are required. The authors' intent is not to supersede product label recommendations, but to suggest that longer storage without significant loss of drug efficacy may be possible, thus reducing the costs of chemotherapeutics to some veterinary clients. 相似文献
999.
David J.P. Moore Jia Hu William J. Sacks David S. Schimel Russell K. Monson 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2008,148(10):1467-1477
Modeling how the role of forests in the carbon cycle will respond to predicted changes in water availability hinges on an understanding of the processes controlling water use in ecosystems. Recent studies in forest ecosystem modeling have employed data-assimilation techniques to generate parameter sets that conform to observations, and predict net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) and its component processes. Since the carbon and water cycles are linked, there should be additional process information available from ecosystem H2O exchange. We coupled SIPNET (Simple Photosynthesis EvapoTranspiration), a simplified model of ecosystem function, with a data-assimilation system to estimate parameters leading to model predictions most closely matching the net CO2 and H2O fluxes measured by eddy covariance in a high-elevation, subalpine forest ecosystem. When optimized using measurements of CO2 exchange, the model matched observed NEE (RMSE = 0.49 g C m−2) but underestimated transpiration calculated independently from sap flow measurements by a factor of 4. Consequently, the carbon-only optimization was insensitive to imposed changes in water availability. Including eddy flux data from both CO2 and H2O exchange to the optimization reduced the model fit to the observed NEE fluxes only slightly (RME = 0.53 g C m−2), however this parameterization also reproduced transpiration calculated from independent sap flow measurements (r2 = 0.67, slope = 0.6). A significant amount of information can be extracted from simultaneous analysis of CO2 and H2O exchange, which improved the accuracy of transpiration estimates from measured evapotranspiration. Conversely, failure to include both CO2 and H2O data streams can generate results that mask the responses of ecosystem carbon cycling to variation in the precipitation. In applying the model conditioned on both CO2 and H2O fluxes to the subalpine forest at the Niwot Ridge AmeriFlux site, we observed that the onset of transpiration is coincident with warm soil temperatures. However, after snow has covered the ground in the fall, we observed significant inter-annual variability in the fraction of evapotranspiration composed of transpiration; evapotranspiration was dominated by transpiration in years when late fall air temperatures were high enough to maintain photosynthesis, but by sublimation from the surface of the snowpack in years when late fall air temperatures were colder and forest photosynthetic activity had ceased. Data-assimilation techniques and simultaneous measurements of carbon and water exchange can be used to quantify the response of net carbon uptake to changes in water availability by using an ecosystem model where the carbon and water cycles are linked. 相似文献
1000.
Shoshanah M. Inwood Jeff S. Sharp Richard H. Moore Deborah H. Stinner 《Agriculture and Human Values》2009,26(3):177-191
Chefs have been recognized as potentially important partners in efforts to promote local food systems. Drawing on the diffusion
of innovation framework we (a) examine the characteristics of chefs and restaurants that have adopted local foods; (b) identified
local food attributes valued by restaurants; (c) examine how restaurants function as opinion leaders promoting local foods;
(d) explored network linkages between culinary and production organizations; and (e) finally, we consider some of the barriers
to more widespread adoption of local foods in the culinary community. Analyzing quantitative and qualitative data collected
from interviews with individuals from 71 restaurants, we compare and contrast restaurants that utilize relatively large amounts
of locally-produced ingredients with restaurants using few, if any, local products. Results reveal that chefs are most interested
in intrinsic food qualities, such as taste and freshness, and less interested in production standards. As opinion leaders,
chefs utilize signage, wait staff, and cooking classes to promote local foods; however, the diffusion process across restaurants,
and between restaurants and producers, is limited by network associations. Structural barriers such as distribution problems
and lack of convenience were identified as limiting more widespread use of locally-grown foods. We offer several implications
of this research for further work that seeks to engage chefs as opinion leaders who are important to building greater support
for local food systems.
Shoshanah M. Inwood is a Ph.D. candidate in Rural Sociology at The Ohio State University. Her research focuses on sustainable agriculture, organic agriculture, agricultural change at the rural–urban interface, farm succession, and local food system development. Jeff S. Sharp is an associate professor of Rural Sociology at The Ohio State University. His research interests include community and agricultural change at the rural–urban interface. Richard H. Moore is a professor in the Department of Human and Community Resource Development at Ohio State University where he leads the Sugar Creek Research Team. Deborah H. Stinner is a research scientist and the administrative coordinator of the Organic Food and Farming Education and Research Program (OFFER) at The Ohio State University’s Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center in Wooster, OH. 相似文献
Shoshanah M. InwoodEmail: |
Shoshanah M. Inwood is a Ph.D. candidate in Rural Sociology at The Ohio State University. Her research focuses on sustainable agriculture, organic agriculture, agricultural change at the rural–urban interface, farm succession, and local food system development. Jeff S. Sharp is an associate professor of Rural Sociology at The Ohio State University. His research interests include community and agricultural change at the rural–urban interface. Richard H. Moore is a professor in the Department of Human and Community Resource Development at Ohio State University where he leads the Sugar Creek Research Team. Deborah H. Stinner is a research scientist and the administrative coordinator of the Organic Food and Farming Education and Research Program (OFFER) at The Ohio State University’s Ohio Agriculture Research and Development Center in Wooster, OH. 相似文献