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41.
Gilbert LE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1971,172(3983):585-586
Hooklike trichomes of Passiflora adenopoda provide a specific, effectively absolute defense against heliconiine butterfly larvae, a major class of Passiflora herbivores. It is suggested that since mechanical defenses are usually more selective in their action against herbivores, they usually are evolved by a plant only after it has accumulated a series of chemical defenses. 相似文献
42.
New oocytes are generated throughout long lives in butterflies of the genus Heliconius, which as adults feed on amino acids from pollen. In Dryas julia, a related heliconiine that feeds only on nectar and is relatively short-lived, the original oocyte supply is eventually depleted. Such divergent ovarian dynamics in closely related organisms are significant in terms of both their evolutionary basis and their physiological controls. 相似文献
43.
44.
Larvae of Euptychia westwoodi feed on Selaginella, a lycopsid. This is the first feeding record in the Satyrinae outside the monocotyledons and one of the few records of a butterfly feeding on other than a seed plant. Clues to possible evolutionary origins of this habit are found in the oviposition behavior of other Euptychia species. 相似文献
45.
Gilbert SJ Dumontheil I Simons JS Frith CD Burgess PW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5834):43; author reply 43
Mason et al. (Reports, 19 January 2007, p. 393) attributed activity in certain regions of the "resting" brain to the occurrence of mind-wandering. However, previous research has demonstrated the difficulty of distinguishing this type of stimulus-independent thought from stimulus-oriented thought (e.g., watchfulness). Consideration of both possibilities is required to resolve this ambiguity. 相似文献
46.
A dietary component that initiates both the tranisition from parthenogenetic to sexual reproduction and the production of lateral, posterodorsal, and posterior outgrowths of the body wall of females was isolated from the neutral lipids of dried grass and identified as (alpha)-tocopherol. The smallest concentrations eliciting both responses were below 100 nanograms per milliliter. Relative activities of (alpha)-, beta3-, and (gamma)-tocopherol and (alpha)-tocopheryl-quinone were roughly 100 : 100 : 20 : 0.4. The synthetic antioxidants tested were without activity. 相似文献
47.
Esterase 6 and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
R C Richmond D G Gilbert K B Sheehan M H Gromko F M Butterworth 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,207(4438):1483-1485
A nonspecific carboxylesterase (esterase 6) of Drosophila melanogaster shows greater activity in adult males than in females and is highly concentrated in the anterior ejaculatory duct of the reproductive tract of the male. Esterase 6 is depleted in males by copulation and is transferred to females early during copulation as a component of the seminal fluid. That esterase 6 may be involved in a system controlling the timing of remating is suggested by differences in the activity of this enzyme in a strain of Drosophila selected for a decrease in time to remating and by differences in the timing of remating in females initially inseminated by males lacking or having active esterase 6. 相似文献
48.
B lineage--specific interactions of an immunoglobulin enhancer with cellular factors in vivo 总被引:214,自引:0,他引:214
The mouse heavy chain immunoglobulin gene contains a tissue-specific enhancer. The enhancer and flanking sequences were studied in vivo by carrying out dimethyl sulfate protection experiments on living cells, in combination with genomic sequencing. Relative to reactions on naked DNA, there are changes (protections and enhancements) in the reactivity of guanine residues to dimethyl sulfate within the enhancer sequence in myeloma, B, and early B cells, whereas virtually no alterations appear in cells of non-B lineage. Most of the affected residues are in four clusters, in sequences homologous to the octamer 5'CAGGTGGC 3' (C, cytosine; A, adenine; G. guanine; T, thymine). The alterations in the pattern of G reactivity are consistent with the tissue-specific binding of molecules to the mouse immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer. 相似文献
49.
Willerslev E Hansen AJ Binladen J Brand TB Gilbert MT Shapiro B Bunce M Wiuf C Gilichinsky DA Cooper A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):791-795
Genetic analyses of permafrost and temperate sediments reveal that plant and animal DNA may be preserved for long periods, even in the absence of obvious macrofossils. In Siberia, five permafrost cores ranging from 400,000 to 10,000 years old contained at least 19 different plant taxa, including the oldest authenticated ancient DNA sequences known, and megafaunal sequences including mammoth, bison, and horse. The genetic data record a number of dramatic changes in the taxonomic diversity and composition of Beringian vegetation and fauna. Temperate cave sediments in New Zealand also yielded DNA sequences of extinct biota, including two species of ratite moa, and 29 plant taxa characteristic of the prehuman environment. Therefore, many sedimentary deposits may contain unique, and widespread, genetic records of paleoenvironments. 相似文献
50.
Abelson JF Kwan KY O'Roak BJ Baek DY Stillman AA Morgan TM Mathews CA Pauls DL Rasin MR Gunel M Davis NR Ercan-Sencicek AG Guez DH Spertus JA Leckman JF Dure LS Kurlan R Singer HS Gilbert DL Farhi A Louvi A Lifton RP Sestan N State MW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5746):317-320
Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a genetically influenced developmental neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by chronic vocal and motor tics. We studied Slit and Trk-like 1 (SLITRK1) as a candidate gene on chromosome 13q31.1 because of its proximity to a de novo chromosomal inversion in a child with TS. Among 174 unrelated probands, we identified a frameshift mutation and two independent occurrences of the identical variant in the binding site for microRNA hsa-miR-189. These variants were absent from 3600 control chromosomes. SLITRK1 mRNA and hsa-miR-189 showed an overlapping expression pattern in brain regions previously implicated in TS. Wild-type SLITRK1, but not the frameshift mutant, enhanced dendritic growth in primary neuronal cultures. Collectively, these findings support the association of rare SLITRK1 sequence variants with TS. 相似文献