广西休闲畜牧业排污处理方法探讨

探讨了近年来广西在发展休闲畜牧业中出现的畜禽饲养产生的排污处理问题,根据广西地区的实际情况,结合实际操作,提出了"干湿分离-沼气发酵-人工牧地-稳定塘-排放"的模式,并取得了较好效果.     

Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

海南坡鹿对采食部位的选择与饲草酸性洗涤纤维含量的相关性

在海南大田国家级自然保护区围栏内用食痕法(evidence of feeding on forage)观测海南坡鹿Cervus eldi hainanus(简称坡鹿)对18种草本和18种灌木类饲草的采食部分占整株草本植株或占整枝灌木主枝条的尺寸比,同时测定各饲草的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量.结果显示,按旱季与雨季的(全年)平均值,坡鹿对草本类饲草的采食尺寸比为49.29%,对灌木类饲草为57.3%;草本类饲草的ADF含量为9.91%,灌木类饲草为9.19%;无论草本还是灌木类,坡鹿的采食尺寸比随饲草ADF含量的增加而显著降低.研究表明,在大田自然保护区围栏内,坡鹿对ADF含量在10%以上的饲草不喜食,饲草纤维物质含量是坡鹿在围栏内扩充采食部位以增加营养摄入量的限制性因子,在旱季种植并收割饲草投喂坡鹿时,应避免其纤维物质含量增高.     

贵州苜蓿产业发展现状及潜力分析

紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)是国内外广泛种植的优质豆科牧草。在调查贵州各地近年来推广种植紫花苜蓿的基础上,根据贵州耕地资源不足、石漠化危害严重、种植业发展局限性明显的现状,结合全省中长期草地生态畜牧业发展目标和发展节粮型畜牧业的客观要求,阐述了发展苜蓿产业的必要性与可行性,分析了贵州生态气候条件下苜蓿种植的主要限制因素,并提出贵州苜蓿产业科技工作重点,即加快苜蓿种质资源适应性鉴定、新品种选育研究、高产栽培技术研究、草产品加工技术研究等,以期为贵州生态畜牧业发展提供理论依据和技术支撑。     

兔肺炎双球菌病的病原分离鉴定及治疗

2013年山东滨州市某兔场发生仔兔高病死率、母兔流产的疾病。为了诊断治疗该病,本试验采集病死兔肺脏进行病原的分离,通过病原分离、形态学观察、生理生化试验、溶血试验、药敏试验等试验,证实分离菌为肺炎双球菌。该菌具有α-溶血性,对青霉素、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星等药物敏感;动物回归试验成功复制出兔肺炎双球菌病,症状典型,病理剖检变化明显。根据临床症状和药敏试验结果,用青霉素等药物进行治疗,病情得到有效控制。     

残膜回收机带式卷膜装置设计与试验

为解决现有残膜回收机集膜装置在集膜和卸膜过程中残膜质地松散、作业效率低等问题,设计了一种带式卷膜装置.阐述了该带式卷膜装置的基本结构和工作原理,通过理论分析确定了关键部件结构参数,分析了卷膜作业过程,经过计算分析得到可卷收残膜膜卷的最大直径、卷膜速比范围、卷膜倾角范围.采用三因素三水平Box-Behnken试验设计方法...     

活猪携带猪瘟病毒检测方法比较

对2个猪场的母猪血清、扁桃体、全血样品和公猪精液分别应用荧光抗体染色法、RT-PCR、CS-FV抗原ELISA、CSFV糖蛋白Erns ELISA 4种方法进行CSFV对应检测和比较。结果显示,荧光抗体染色法检出率最高,但与其他3种方法存在较大差异,RT-PCR方法检出率和重复性次之;猪瘟抗原ELISA方法检出率第3,重复性第1;CSFV糖蛋白Erns检出率和重复性均最低,但可筛选是否感染猪瘟病毒野毒。在母猪3种样品中扁桃体的检出率最高,全血样品次之,血清检出率最低。4种样品中公猪精液重复性最好,其次是母猪全血样品,母猪扁桃体第3;母猪血清样品最差。     

北京地区公农1号紫花苜蓿叶片光合作用日变化特征

在自然状态下,利用Licor-6400便携式光合测定系统观测了公农1号紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa在北京地区的光合作用日变化规律.结果表明:公农1号叶片的净光合速率日变化呈典型双峰曲线,表现出明显的光合"午睡"现象,光合效率午间明显降低;蒸腾速率日变化趋势与净光合速率相似,胞间CO2浓度的日进程基本与净光合速率相反;气孔导度日变化与净光合速率日变化相似但并不完全同步,两者最大值出现的时间相同,但最低值出现的时间气孔导度较净光合速率晚约2h.经分析,公农1号紫花苜蓿表现出的光合"午睡"现象属于非气孔限制.     

池养线纹尖塘鳢的生殖及全人工繁殖

引进线纹尖塘鳢野生幼鱼,在池塘驯养至性成熟,经多代的混合选育,2002年育出子二代以后亲本2 000尾。进行池塘人工诱导产卵、受精,连续4年间获得受精卵6 143.5万粒,孵育出仔鱼4 983万尾,孵化率81.1%,相对孵育仔鱼量为65.1尾/g,取得全人工繁殖成功。试验结果表明,线纹尖塘鳢的卵小,长径仅0.6~0.9 mm,短径0.4~0.6 mm,初孵仔鱼全长2.875 mm;仔鱼混合营养期短,仅2~3 d以上,这些特点对仔鱼成活率极为不利。