Effect of dietary carbohydrate‐to‐lipid ratios on growth performance,body composition,nutrient utilization and hepatic enzymes activities of herbivorous grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Six isonitrogenous (390 g kg^?1) and isoenergetic (16.2 kJ g^?1) diets with varying carbohydrate : lipid (CHO : L) ratios (202.5–1.74), were fed to triplicate groups of 25 fish in indoor recirculation system. Over 8‐week‐growth trial, best weight gain (WG), specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and protein production value (P < 0.05) were observed in fish‐fed diets with CHO : L ratio of 7.5. Fish fed either the lowest (1.7) or highest (202.5) CHO : L ratio tended to produce lower (P < 0.05) growth and feed conversion efficiencies. The values of viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio increased as dietary CHO : L ratios decreased. There were no significant differences in whole body and liver crude protein among dietary treatments. Whole body and liver lipid increased as CHO : L ratios decreased. Plasma cholesterol and triacylglyceride levels increased linearly as dietary CHO : L ratios decreased. Activities of glucokinase and pyruvate kinase were stimulated by elevated levels of dietary carbohydrate; however, activities of lipase (LPS) and alkaline phosphatase were stimulated by elevated levels of dietary lipid. Based on a second‐order polynomial regression analysis of WG against dietary carbohydrate and lipid levels, 275 g kg^?1 of carbohydrate and 59 g kg^?1 of lipid, corresponding to a CHO : L ratio of 4.7, in a diet holding 390 g kg^?1 of crude protein and 16.3 kJ g^?1 of gross energy, proved to be optimal for grass carp. These results indicated that utilization of dietary lipid and carbohydrate was moderate in grass carp, but the fish were a little more capable of utilizing lipid compared with carbohydrate.     

南昌市道路绿化树种调查分析与建议

通过对南昌市道路主要绿化树种种类、使用频率及长势进行调查,并对存在的问题进行分析与探讨,同时根据南昌市的实际情况,提出了几点建议和措施。     

Diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism in a cat using echocardiography and pulmonary scintigraphy

A 10-year-old male cat was presented with sudden onset of respiratory difficulties. Clinical examinatlon revealed an acute dyspnoea with cyanosis associated with a left systolic heart murmur. Standard thoracic radiographs excluded pulmonary oedema and showed very few pulmonary changes given the intensity of the respiratory compromlse. Echocardiographic examination revealed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a thrombus In the right pulmonary artery. Pulmonary sclntlgraphy confirmed a pulmonary thromboembolism with hypovascularisatlon of the left cranial lobe and of the ventral segment of the right lobe. Conservative treatment was instituted using an antibiotic (doxycycllne), anticoagulants (heparin, coumadine) and a calcium lnhlbitor (diltiazem). The cat was given absolute rest. The general condition of the animal improved.     

不同浓度盐胁迫对转基因饲用甜菜种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

通过不同浓度NaCl溶液处理转基因饲用甜菜种子及其幼苗试验，研究了盐胁迫下种子萌发、幼苗生长及胁迫解除后种子的效应，为盐土农业生产提供理论依据。结果表明，转基因饲用甜菜种子萌发的适宜Nacl浓度为50。150mmol/L，其中100mmoL／LNaCl胁迫下，种子发芽率最高，与对照相比高6．78％。随着盐胁迫浓度的升高，种子萌发延迟，萌发率也呈不同程度的降低。盐胁迫解除后，种子萌芽迅速，萌芽率提高，整齐度增加。转基因饲用甜菜幼苗在不同NaCl浓度胁迫下表现出的反应不同，高盐胁迫对抑制幼根生长影响较大。     

茂名近岸海域生态调查和生物监测

采用生物监测方法,对茂名市近岸海域生态环境进行现状调查和监测。监测结果表明,茂名近岸生态系统较稳定,物种分布比较均匀,大部分水域为清洁区,少数水域为轻度污染,尚未达到发生赤潮的危险程度。     

CdCl2对牛卵母细胞体外成熟及凋亡的影响

利用不同浓度(0,0.8,1.6,2.4 μg/mL)的氯化镉(CdCl2)对处理牛卵母细胞前后对其成熟率、凋亡率、Ca2分布、线粒体膜电位、Bcl-2与Bax的基因表达的影响,初步为重金属对雌性哺乳动物生殖细胞发育及细胞凋亡机制的进一步研究打下基础.利用0,0.8,1.6,2.4 μg/mL的氯化镉(CdCl2)处理...     

土壤-根系复合体工程常数的理论研究

根据土壤的基本特性、土力学的基本理论和复合材料力学的基本方法,分析了土壤-根系复合体的力学特性.运用Whitney-Riley模型,推导出土壤-根系复合体根系生长方向的弹性模量EL、垂直于根系生长方向的弹性模量ET和根系生长平面的剪切模量GLT等工程常数的理论计算公式,为进一步研究土壤-根系复合体工程特性提供了一种方法,具有一定的参考价值.     

安哥拉山羊级进杂交后代被毛性状变化

采集安哥拉山羊、陕北本地山羊及各代级进杂交后代 (F1 ～ F4 )周岁母羊的皮样、毛样或绒毛混合样 ,进行了毛囊密度、毛长、纤维分类、纤维直径、纤维强伸度、净毛率及毛产量的测定。结果表明 :安哥拉山羊与陕北本地山羊级进杂交 ,级进后代被毛特性及产量到 F3与安哥拉山羊已基本相似。到 F4 有髓毛和死毛数量百分含量分别为 0 .3 8%和 1 .5 4% ,有髓毛和死毛重量百分含量总和为 4.0 8% ,与安哥拉山羊有髓毛、死毛含量 (0 .93 %、1 .3 2 % )及有髓毛和死毛重量百分含量总和 3 .83 %相比已非常接近 (P>0 .0 1 )。F4 的周岁产毛量为 1 .42 kg,与安哥拉山羊 (1 .64kg)接近 (P>0 .0 1 )。根据陕北自然条件状况 ,研究认为 ,育种工作级进到F3为宜。     

金衢盆地黑麦草引种研究

研究了新引进黑麦草品种冬牧70黑麦草、多年生黑麦草、特早熟二倍体黑麦草、意大利四倍体黑麦草与本地多花黑麦草的物候期、生育期、鲜草量、营养成分等.结果表明:冬牧70黑麦草产量和粗蛋白含量比多花黑麦草高;特早熟二倍体和意大利四倍体黑麦草生育期长,可延长金衢盆地黑麦草利用期1个月左右.多年生黑麦草除了营养价值较高外,在物候期、生育期方面无明显优势.     

“高地”截形瓦苇的组织培养与快速繁殖技术研究

利用“高地”截形瓦苇的花葶作材料,对其离体组织培养与快速繁殖技术进行研究,结果表明:花葶愈伤组织诱导的最佳培养基是MS+6-BA0.5mg/L+KT1.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,启动速度快,而且愈伤组织质量好;诱导培养基中加入KT和低浓度的NAA比单一采用6-BA效果更好;最适的增殖培养基为MS+6-BA0.2mg/L+KT0.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,增殖系数达5.5以上,而且质量高,芽分化多;MS+NAA0.1mg/L是较适合的复壮与生根培养基,植株移栽成活率一般在50%左右。利用花葶作外植体,可以在不损伤原母本植株的基础上实现组织培养和快速繁殖的目的,从而实现商品化、规模化生产。