基于荧光显色的环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)检测禽呼肠孤病毒

建立了一种基于荧光显色的禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV)环介导等温扩增(LAMP)检测方法.该检测方法使用针对ARV的p10基因8个区域的6条LAMP引物,能够在等温(63℃)条件下1h内完成反应,具有良好的敏感性和特异性,最低能够检出102个拷贝的病毒,敏感性比普通PCR高100倍,而对其他病毒检测结果为阴性.在荧光显色中分别应用SYBR Green Ⅰ和钙黄绿素作为显色剂,其结果与琼脂糖凝胶电泳一致.在对80份临床样本的检测中,使用LAMP和PCR检测出阳性样本的数量分别为68份和55份.因此,基于荧光显色的LAMP方法可以应用于ARV的快速检测,具有在科研机构、基层实验室特别是检测现场推广和应用的潜力.     

化隆县天然草场高原鼢鼠雌雄比测定

通过对化隆县天然草场高原鼢鼠（Myospalax baileyi）雌雄比与怀仔率的调查,对系统研究草场高原鼢鼠繁殖活动规律,正确掌握和确定最佳防治季节具有重要的研究价值和生产指导意义。     

D-半乳糖促小鼠衰老模型的衰老程度与自然生长鼠龄的比较

为探讨不同剂量D-半乳糖对小鼠的促衰程度及其与自然生长鼠年龄的对应关系,应用改进的邻苯三酚自氧化法对自然生长鼠和D-半乳糖促衰小鼠肝脏中SOD活力进行了测定、比较和分析。结果表明,自然生长鼠约从11月龄开始进入明显的衰老期,至17月龄衰老程度较高,至21月龄时小鼠的衰老程度极高。还总结了不同剂量D-gal促衰鼠与自然生长鼠年龄的对应关系。     

OSTEOCHONDROSIS IN THE LATERAL FEMORAL CONDYLES OF A HORSE

Osteochondrosis of the lateral femoral condyles was diagnosed radiographically in an 8-month-old, female Arabian horse, which had been presented with a hindlimb lameness. The diagnosis was confirmed by gross and microscopic pathology. The location of the lesions was considered unusual for osteochondrosis in the horse.     

堆型艾美球虫3-1E基因在大肠杆菌中的可溶性表达及鉴定

将堆型艾美球虫（E．acervulina）3-1E基因克隆至pET-32a（＋）载体中。转化大肠杆菌BL21，在37℃下，用终浓度为1.0mmol／L的IPTG诱导表达，得到相对分子质量约为38500的重组蛋白。Western blot检测证实，该重组蛋白可以与特异性抗血清结合。在20℃条件下，以终浓度分别为2．0、1．0、0．5mmol／L的IPTG进行诱导．当IPTG终浓度为0．5mmol／L时，以可溶性形式存在的目的蛋白含量最高。     

Biomechanical Comparison of Two Alternative Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy Plates with the Original Standard in an Axially Loaded Gap Model: An In Vitro Study

Objective— To compare the axial compression stiffness of osteotomized canine tibiae stabilized with Slocum, Securos, or Synthes plates after a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) procedure. Study Design— In vitro, paired comparison of cadaveric tibial constructs subjected to mechanical testing under an axial load. Sample Population— Canine tibiae (n=16 pairs) from skeletally mature male and female dogs of various breeds (18–55 kg). Methods— Tibial pairs (n=16) were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 study cohorts (n=8 pairs/cohort): cohort 1, tibial osteotomy stabilization with a Slocum or a Securos plate, or cohort 2, tibial osteotomy stabilization with a Slocum or a Synthes plate. One tibia from each pair was stabilized with 1 of each plate design assigned to the cohort after TPLO. A 3.2 mm osteotomy gap was maintained during plate application in all constructs. Load and axial displacement were recorded while constructs were loaded to 2000 N in axial compression. Failure loads were not reported because no distinct yield point or failure point was evident within the load range for many specimens. Failure modes were recorded for each construct, and photographs of typical failures were obtained. Stiffness (N/mm) was calculated from load–displacement curves. Paired comparisons of mean stiffness were performed within study groups using a paired t‐test. Significance was set at P<.05. Results— The mean construct stiffnesses for the Slocum (383±183 N/mm) and Securos (258±64.1 N/mm) constructs were not significantly different (P=.164; power=0.566). The mean construct stiffness for the Synthes constructs (486±91.0 N/mm) was significantly greater than that of the Slocum constructs (400±117 N/mm); P=.0468. Modes of failure for the Slocum (16/16) and Securos (8/8) constructs included plastic deformation of the implant with valgus deformity combined with fibular luxation (2/16 Slocum; 1/8 Securos) or fibular fracture (2/16 Slocum; 4/8 Securos). Most Synthes constructs underwent elastic deformation (7/8). One Synthes construct fractured in the saggital plane through the tibial plateau depression at the point of load application. Conclusions— The Slocum and Securos plate/tibia construct have similar stiffness, whereas the Synthes/tibia constructs are significantly stiffer than the Slocum/tibia constructs. Modes of fixation failure observed in this model were consistent with TPLO fixation failures observed clinically. Clinical relevance— Construct stiffness in axial load varies with implant type. Implants that confer higher stiffness to the construct may result in greater fixation stability in tibial metaphyseal osteotomies.     

药用植物紫花地丁的分子鉴定及其亲缘关系研究

运用RAPD技术对传统药用植物紫花地丁（Viola yedoensis）及其7个近缘种进行了分析,筛选出的6个随机引物在8个种39份材料中共扩增出163个位点,其中161个位点具有多态性,占98.7%;在扩增产物中有7条特异性扩增条带可用于紫花地丁的鉴定。根据RAPD结果计算的各种间遗传距离的范围为0.022 7-0.424 4,斑叶堇菜与细距堇菜的亲缘关系最近,它们间的遗传距离最小（0.022 7）,而与紫花地丁遗传距离最近的是早开堇菜,为0.147 1。在所研究的类群中,维西堇菜与裂叶堇菜的遗传距离最大（0.424 4）。根据遗传距离所作的聚类分析结果与紫花地丁等8种植物的形态分化相一致,此外,同一种的不同个体总是先聚在一起,反映了种内不同个体在遗传组成上相对一致性。研究结果表明,RAPD在种内是相对稳定的,能快速、准确地应用于紫花地丁的分子鉴定及其与近缘类群关系的研究。     

短穗兔耳草在不同海拔高度的生长特征研究

利用果洛州大武乡3 700～4 200 m的海拔梯度,分别在海拔3 700 m、3 800 m、3 900 m、4 000 m、4 100 m对短穗兔耳草的生长特征进行了定株观测研究.研究结果显示:短穗兔耳草的匍匐茎数量和单位长度干重变化基本一致,即在海拔为3900m处达到最大值,低于或超过此海拔趋于减少,短穗兔耳草的匍匐茎长度随着海拔高度的升高而逐渐减少.     

鸡新城疫病毒河北分离株F基因的分子特性分析

通过毒力测定、RT-PCR及F基因的序列测定与遗传进化分析,对2005-2008年从河北省部分地区的发病鸡群中分离到的10株新城疫病毒（NDV）进行了研究。各分离株经典毒力测定结果显示：MDT在37.6～54.4h之间,ICPI在1.71～2.0之间,IVPI值在2.16～2.8之间,均为新城疫病毒强毒株特征。F基因的序列测定表明,分离株之间的核苷酸序列具有77.4%～98.0%的同源性,与疫苗株Lasota的同源性为87.0%～98.9%,与国内标准强毒株F48E9同源性为89.7%～98.9%。推导其氨基酸序列分析表明,8个分离株的F蛋白的裂解位点氨基酸组成为112 R-R-Q-K-R-F117,具有NDV强毒株特征,与毒力测定结果相符,2个分离株的F蛋白的裂解位点氨基酸组成为112 G-R-Q-G-R-L117,与弱毒株特征相符。F基因分型和同源性比较显示：目前河北新城疫的流行以基因Ⅶ型为主（占70%）,同时兼有基因Ⅱ型（占20%）和基因Ⅸ型（占10%）。     

湛江地区肉牛棚舍环境评价

为了解热带地区双坡式棚舍散栏饲养模式下的环境特征,在湛江测定了肉牛舍的温度、湿度、气流、PM10等指标。结果表明:棚舍内外温湿度几乎相同,换气量超过了最大换气量,PM10优于卫生标准,温湿指数范围为78～85,处于热应激状态。考虑了气流影响的体感温度范围为25～30.5℃,晴天的14:00和19:00,风速为0.95～1.30 m/s,气流显著地减少了高温的影响。棚顶隔热能力差,晴天棚顶内外表面温差不足1℃,棚顶内表面最高可达60.8℃,此时的舍内气温仅为33.4℃,棚舍自然换气调节是环境控制的主体。