马铃薯新品种冀张薯24号的选育研究

冀张薯24号是由冀张薯8号作母本、ELLES作父本配制杂交组合,经系谱法选育而成的马铃薯新品种。该品种属晚熟加工型,植株直立,长势强且整齐,茎绿色,叶深绿色,花冠紫色,薯型卵圆形,浅黄皮白肉,薯皮微麻,芽眼浅。干物质含量20.82%,淀粉含量15.14%,还原糖含量0.26%,粗蛋白含量2.69%,维生素C含量265.6mg·kg^-1。抗PVY、PVX、PLRV、PVA、PVM病毒病,中抗晚疫病、早疫病。2018年8月30日通过中华人民共和国农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记,登记编号:GPD马铃薯(2018)130077。     

苹果柱型基因Co的一个AFLP 标记的SCAR转换

 将苹果柱型基因的一个AFLP 标记成功地转换成了简单实用的SCAR 标记。首先对AFLP 标记片段进行序列测定, 然后根据序列特点设计了两对特异引物CoA1/ CoA2 和CoA1/ CoA3 , 每条引物长20 bp。PCR 结果表明CoA1/ CoA2 可以扩增出216 bp 和148 bp 两条带, 其中216 bp 的为柱型性状的特征带; CoA1/CoA3 可以扩增出273 bp 和205 bp 的两条带, 其中273 bp 的为柱型性状的特征带。两对引物在杂交后代中扩增出的特征带与柱型性状的分离重组率都很低(CoA1/ CoA2 为6. 3 % ±2. 5 %; CoA1/ CoA3 为7. 3 % ±2. 6 %) , 所以它们都可以作为该SCAR 标记的特异引物所用。     

Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer cells HCC827

AIM: To investigate the effect of shikonin on reversing hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and to explore its possible mechanisms.METHODS: The gefitinib-resistant HCC827 cells induced by HGF were treated with shikonin and gefitinibthe alone or in combination. The inhibition rates of cell viability were determined by MTT assay. The invasive ability of HCC827 cells with HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib was determined by Transwell assay. The protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and related signaling pathway in the HCC827 cells were detected by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of MTT assay showed that the cell activity of HCC827 cells was significantly inhibited by shikonin in a dose dependent manner. The IC₅₀ of shikonin in HCC827 cells was 3.06 μmol/L. And the IC₅₀ of gefitinib in HCC827 cells was 0.51 μmol/L. Under the condition of combined treatment with shikonin and gefitinib in the presence of HGF (20 μg/L), the IC₅₀ of gefitinib was 7.36 μmol/L, significantly lower than that treated with gefitinib alone (P<0.01), so did the result of the cell migration (P<0.01). HGF induced EMT, while shikonin reversed this effect. The protein expression level of p-AKT was significantly up-regulated by HGF, while markedly down-regulated treatment with shikonin and gefitinib compared with gefitinib alone (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Shikonin reverses HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer HCC827 cells, and the mechanism may be likely related to the preventon of EMT and the inhibition of HGF-induced activation of p-AKT signaling pathway.     

MD病毒抗独特型抗体的研制

制备鸡马立克氏病病毒(MDV)抗独特型抗体(Ab2),探讨Ab2模拟抗原诱导免疫应答的能力.用MDV免疫SPF鸡,分离提纯鸡抗MD-IgG(Ab1),Ab1免疫BALB/C鼠,用鼠脾细胞与SP2/0细胞制备Ab2杂交瘤细胞株,间接ELISA筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株,经克隆、纯化2×株抗MDV独特型抗体杂交瘤细胞株(6E5,7A12),其中6E5培养上清、腹水ELISA效价分别为4000×、10000×,免疫20 d攻毒,具有抗MDV感染保护.     

乳清清凉饮料的研制--干酪副产物乳清的利用

通过对稳定剂的稳定效果、糖酸比例、工艺条件等几个方面的研究,表明乳清清凉饮料的最佳条件:稳定剂含量为0.25％,白砂糖10.0％,采用90-95℃,5min杀菌,发酵温度为42±0.5℃,时间5.5h。     

乙烯对匍匐翦股颖ISR抗病反应中AsA-GSH循环及胼胝质沉积的影响

以匍匐翦股颖品种“Penn-A4”为试验材料,侵染立枯丝核菌后,经丁二醇(BDO)诱导产生系统抗性(ISR),喷施不同浓度的乙烯合成抑制剂氯化钴(CoCl₂)和促进剂1-氨基环丙烷羧酸(ACC)后,检测抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环中抗坏血酸(AsA)和还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及相关酶活性的变化,并观察匍匐翦股颖ISR反应中胼胝质沉积的变化。结果表明,乙烯抑制剂处理下,匍匐翦股颖幼苗中AsA含量较低,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性下降,大量GSH被催化还原为氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG),GSSG大量积累,同时谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性较低,GSSG经GR少量还原为GSH。乙烯促进剂处理下,AsA含量较高,APX活性升高,GSSG在高活性GR作用下催化还原为GSH,使得GSH大量积累。因此在匍匐翦股颖ISR抗病反应中,高浓度乙烯促进AsA和GSH的大量积累,它们不仅参与了活性氧的代谢平衡,同时也作为信号分子在ISR抗病反应中起着重要作用。匍匐翦股颖感染褐斑病后,胼胝质主要沉积在厚壁细胞、韧皮部、木质部和表皮组织,其中厚壁细胞胼胝质沉积最多,表皮组织沉积最少。此外,胼胝质沉积面积在不同乙烯信号分子处理间存在差异,但随着处理时间的延长差异不显著。一定浓度的乙烯对ISR反应中胼胝质的沉积具有一定的影响,随着处理时间的延长显著增加,在100 μmol·L^-1ACC处理5 d后,胼胝质沉积总面积仅为9.916 mm²,处理10 d后升至最高,为38.396 mm²,但在病害侵染后期,胼胝质数量减少,在100 μmol·L^-1ACC处理15 d后,胼胝质沉积总面积降至20.052 mm²,反映了乙烯信号分子对胼胝质沉积的影响是一种短期效应,短期内可提高匍匐翦股颖植株抗病性,具有信号分子的短时效特点。研究结果为探清匍匐翦股颖ISR抗病响应中ET信号分子如何调控抗病生理特性提供了理论基础。     

渭河下游水沙变化趋势分析

本文通过对近6年渭河下游水沙量数据的统计和分析得出,渭河下游河段年内多沙期较河流主汛期有所提前;年径流量和年输沙量的变化趋势基本一致,而且自60年代至2005年华县站的水沙量持续呈递减趋势;河流的冲淤情况与该河段的降雨量有着直接的关系,当年平均降雨量小的时候河流以淤积为主,当年平均降雨量大的时候河流以冲蚀为主。针对这些特征,分析了渭河下游目前存在的主要问题。     

非典型犬瘟热病毒核衣壳蛋白基因序列分析及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

为分析当地非典型犬瘟热病毒(CDV)核衣壳蛋白(N)基因的序列特征及其表达产物的抗原性,根据已发表CDV的N基因序列设计引物,用RT-PCR方法从引起非典型症状的CDV细胞培养物中扩增N基因,进行克隆和序列分析,结果表明:该非典型CDV的N基因与已发表的12个CDV强毒株的核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列同源性分别在96.6%～99.2%和97.9%～99.4%之间,与已发表的4个CDV疫苗弱毒株的同源性分别在93.2%～93.6%和96.4%～97.5%之间;在N基因系统发育进化树上,非典型CDV与12个强毒株处在同一亚群,而且与9个中国分离毒株的亲缘关系近于3个国外毒株。N基因在大肠杆菌中表达的重组N蛋白的分子量为62 ku,主要以包涵体的形式存在;用western blot分析,重组N蛋白可与CDV阳性血清发生特异性反应;以纯化的重组N蛋白为抗原建立的CDV抗体间接ELISA检测方法具有良好的特异性。     

COMPARISON OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND RADIOGRAPHIC MEASUREMENTS OF CANINE PROSTATE DIMENSIONS

The purposes of this study were to: 1) compare prostatic dimensions measured on radiographic and ultrasonographic images and 2) compare a subjective radiographic assessment of prostate size with a previously-described objective method. Thirty-four male dogs undergoing investigation of prostatic disorders were used. Prostate length and depth were measured from ultrasonographic and radiographic images. A subjective assessment of prostate size ('small', 'normal', or 'enlarged') was made in 29 animals by one of the authors who was unaware of radiographic or ultrasonographic measurements. In addition, the distance from sacral promontory to the pubic brim was also measured. A prostate length or depth of >70% of this distance was defined as 'enlarged' and <70% as 'normal'. After the effects of magnification on radiographic measurements were eliminated, there were no significant differences between prostatic length measured by the two methods. However, a significant difference was obtained between prostatic depth measurements. The subjective assessment agreed with a previously described objective assessment of prostatic size in 21/29 dogs for prostate length but in only 12/29 for depth. Prostatic length varied from 46.6 to 116.4% (mean 75.7%) of the distance from the pubic brim to the sacral promontory. Prostatic depth varied from 33.0% to 94.6% (mean 59.7%) of the same distance. It is recommended that prostate length, rather than depth, be used when evaluating prostate size from lateral abdominal radiographs.     

祁连山不同海拔梯度和放牧强度土壤呼吸变化特征

分析青海云杉林、灌丛林、放牧草地三者的呼吸速率差异性以及放牧强度对土壤呼吸速率的影响,结果表明:①云杉林、灌丛林和放牧草地在16:00之前的呼吸速率大小顺序为:灌从林>云杉林>草地;16:00之后顺序为:云杉林>灌丛林>草地.②土壤呼吸速率和日均温有Y=10.342e-0.0002x,R2=0.0002的线性关系.这一线性关系可以解释很多土壤呼吸的变化情况.③放牧直接影响土壤含水量,放牧强度与土壤含水量呈负相关,土壤含水量与土壤呼吸速率呈正相关.土壤含水量为:重度放牧区>过度放牧区>极度放牧区;土壤呼吸速率为:重度放牧区>过度放牧区>极度放牧区.④温度是影响土壤呼吸的主要因子,与土壤呼吸速率呈正相关,呼吸速率日均最大值出现在6～7月,为8.66umoL/(m2·s);最小值出现在5月,为0.37umol/(m2·s).