枇杷幼果冻害低温等级指标的确定

根据福建省近5a枇杷幼果低温箱试验和低温过程山坡地枇杷冻害观测试验结果,以及主产省福建、浙江历史灾情资料,采用归纳分析和对比印证等方法,对枇杷幼果冻害的低温等级指标进行研究。结果表明：枇杷幼果冻害低温等级指标可用日最低气温（Tmin）和低温持续天数（DD）表示,各级冻害指标分别为,轻度：-2.5℃＜Tmin≤-1.0℃,DD≤3d;中度：-3.5℃＜Tmin≤-2.5℃,DD≤3d或-2.5℃＜Tmin≤-1.0℃,DD＞3d;重度：-4.5℃＜Tmin≤-3.5℃,DD≤3d或-3.5℃＜Tmin≤-2.5℃,DD＞3d;极重：Tmin≤-4.5℃,DD≤3d或Tmin≤-3.5℃,DD＞3d。历史灾情资料验证结果表明,冻害等级指标在福建莆田的推算准确率为61%,在浙江临海、黄岩为87.5%,说明枇杷幼果低温冻害等级指标可应用于低温冻害预测。     

柴油机无载测功法的试验研究

以4125A4柴油机为试验对象，运用多项式回归的方法，寻求柴油机功率与耗油量（最高空转速及额客转速）之间的内在定量关系。所建立的模型具有较高的准确性，相对误差可以控制在3%以内。无载测功方法简便、有效，对柴油机的田间测试具有较强的实用性。     

28CJ56型大泵轮毂裂纹处理

针对28CJ56大泵轮毂出现的裂纹状况，分析、判断其形成的原因，提出有效可行的解决办法。     

CBERS-02B星HR高分辨率遥感数据融合研究分析

在阐述遥感影像融合原理的基础上,以贵州省贵阳市部分区域为研究区,应用PCA,Brovey,SVR,IHS共4种融合方法对CBERS-02B星HR数据与CCD数据进行融合实验。从光谱信息和空间信息两个方面对融合效果进行分析,对比4种融合方法对CBERS-02B星影像数据的适用程度,同时与SPOT-5融合数据进行对比分析。研究表明:(1)4种融合方法中,SVR变换法最适合CBERS-02B星遥感数据的融合,融合数据的各评价指标均高于其他融合方法,空间信息丰富,图像细节效果良好;(2)CBERS-02B星同源遥感数据融合影像的质量低于SPOT-5影像融合数据;(3)CBERS-02B星CCD数据的质量低是导致融合影像质量不高的主要原因,所以在CBERS-02B星HR数据的使用过程中应尽量寻求其他来源的多光谱数据进行融合。     

基因组测序技术解析耐除草剂转基因水稻G2-7的分子特征

Molecular characterization, such as copy number and flanking sequence of foreign DNA fragment insertion site, is the important identity information, provided during safety assessment of genetic modified crop. In this study, the T-DNA insertion site, copy number and flanking sequences were identified in transgenic glyphosate-tolerant rice G2-7 based on whole genome sequencing in combination bioinformatics analysis method. 47.13 Gb clean sequence data for G2-7 was generated on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. The junction reads mapped to boundaries of T-DNA and flanking sequences in G2-7 were identified by comparing with sequence of transformation vector and rice reference genome. The results showed that exogenous T-DNA fragments was integrated in the position of Chr. 1 36,189,491-36,189,507 with a single copy, 16 bp rice genome sequence was deleted at the insertion site and no insertion of vector backbone. 375 bp and 353 bp flanking host DNA sequence of 5′-end and 3′-end of the insertion DNA fragment were also obtained, respectively. The putative insertion location and flanking sequences were further confirmed by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. The results not only provided data support for safety assessment and event specific detection, but also demonstrated that WGS was an effective technique for identifying molecular characterization in rice.     

棉花GbSTK基因调控开花和黄萎病抗性的功能研究

Cotton is an important cash crop, and achieving disease resistance as well as early maturity is an important breeding goal. However, the molecular relationship between disease resistance and early maturity of cotton is still a research gap. In previous study, we identified a GbSTK gene response to V. dahliae that could enhance Verticillium wilt resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis. In this study, we found that GbSTK was more highly expressed in resistance and/or tolerant varieties than in susceptible varieties. Knocking down of GbSTK expression in Nongda 601 showed that the silenced plants displayed serious disease symptoms, with disease index from 27.5 (tolerant) to 63.2 (susceptible), suggesting that GbSTK positively regulates cotton Verticillium wilt resistance. More interesting, we found that GbSTK could promote the development of Arabidopsis. At the flowering time point, the average number of rosette leaves in transgenic lines was 7.5, significantly less than the mock plants, and the transgenic plants bloomed five to seven days earlier than the control. The FT and SOC1 gene, regarded as marker genes in Arabidopsis flowering signaling pathway, maintained higher expression level in transgenic lines than in the mock, indicating that GbSTK could accelerate flowering via regulating FT and SOC1 gene expression. We also obtained 30 candidate proteins that could interacted with GbSTK via yeast double hybrid test, which helped to further revealing the molecular regulatory network of GbSTK. Taken together, we first identified a functional gene that could improve disease resistance and early flowering, which would provide a reference for genetic improvement of cotton disease resistant and early maturity.     

小麦粒重降低原因与防御对策研究

通过试验和调查研究,对１９９８年小麦粒重降低原因进行了分析。结果表明,厄尔尼诺现象造成气候条件的异常是粒重普遍降低的基本原因;麦蚜为害是粒重大幅度降低的重要原因;而品种的综合抗性差以及栽培管理不及时更是其主要原因。重视培养地力,选用综合抗性强的小麦品种,抓好中后期追肥、浇水管理和加强病早防治等,是保证小麦获得高而稳的粒重,实现小麦持续增产增收的战略性措施。     

朝阳丘陵山区农业机械化发展研究

朝阳丘陵山区农业机械化发展程度较低,造成全市农机化发展不均衡.介绍朝阳地区的地形与气候特征,分析丘陵山区机械化发展现状及影响因素,阐述丘陵山区发展农业机械化的思路与原则,并提出适宜的发展建议,以促进朝阳丘陵山区农机化水平的提高.     

拖拉机多路液压输出功率试验台测控技术研究

介绍多路液压输出功率试验台的系统构成、软件设计、特点与创新之处。该试验台的目的在于提供一种分流量区段、计算机系统实现自动加载与实时测试和处理的试验设备,主要测定农业拖拉机与机具连接处的液压动力输出装置上液压压力、流量和最大有效液压输出功率。     

基于探地雷达的田块尺度下不同深度土壤含水量监测

为确定田块尺度下探地雷达对不同深度及相邻反射层间土壤含水量的反演精度、有效反演深度、最佳反演深度及最优反演模型,本研究采用1000 MHz中心频率探地雷达设备,分别在无降雨偏干旱土壤和降雨后湿润土壤两种条件下,在选定农田区域基于共中心点法采集雷达波数据,提取有效地表波与反射波数据,通过双曲线拟合法分别获取不同深度反射层...