The effect of dietary tryptophan levels on oxidative stress of liver induced by diquat in weaned piglets

Oxidative stress can induce abnormal tryptophan metabolism. The present study was mainly conducted to determine the effect of dietary tryptophan levels on oxidative stress in the liver of weaned pigs challenged by diquat. A total of 36 PIC piglets weaned at 21 days of age were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 diets containing dietary tryptophan levels of 0.18, 0.30, and 0.45% for 14 d. On day 8, the piglets were injected intraperitoneally with sterile 0.9% NaCl solution or diquat (10 mg/kg body weight). During the first 7 d of trial, increasing dietary tryptophan levels enhanced average daily gain (P = 0.09) and average daily feed intake (P = 0.08), and decreased the feed efficiency (P < 0.05) of piglets. The growth performance was decreased by diquat injection (P < 0.05). Diquat injection also decreased the activities of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the plasma and liver (P < 0.05), increased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) and urea nitrogen (P < 0.05) concentrations, and enhanced MDA concentration (P = 0.09) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) activity (P = 0.07) in liver of piglets. Increasing dietary tryptophan levels could attenuate the effects of diquat injection on the MDA (P = 0.06) concentration and the activities of SOD (P = 0.09) and GPx (P = 0.05) of the liver, and plasma urea nitrogen (P = 0.06) concentration in the piglet. There was a synergistic role for increasing TDO activity in the liver between dietary tryptophan levels and diquat injection (P < 0.05). These results suggest that increasing dietary tryptophan levels could attenuate the oxidative stress of the liver in weaned piglets intraperitoneally injected with diquat via enhancing the antioxidant capacity.     

不同复合肥在辣椒上的肥效试验

为了筛选出成本低、肥效高的复合肥,本研究以辣椒为试验材料,进行了5种复合肥田间试验。试验结果表明:澳特尔复合肥(N、P、K配比为25∶10∶16)和洋洋复合肥(N、P、K配比为20∶10∶10)对辣椒生长效果最好,产量最高,比对照处理1分别增产14.6%和11.2%,达到极显著水平。此两种复合肥可以在同等肥力条件下大面积推广使用。     

汾河流域下游不同土地利用方式下优先流区与基质流区土壤团聚体稳定性分析

优先流是水分和溶质在土壤中非均质性运移的普遍现象,但对其形成的优先流区和基质流区土壤团聚体稳定性的研究还较少。为了阐明土壤团聚体破碎机制的差异,研究以汾河流域下游农田、撂荒地和果园3种土地利用方式为对象,采用野外染色示踪法与Le Bissonnais(LB)法分析了土壤染色区分下优先流区与基质流区土壤团聚体稳定性特征。结果表明:土壤染色率主要分布在0—30 cm土层,在10—30 cm土层果园显著高于撂荒地。LB处理的>0.25 mm团聚体含量和平均重量直径(MWD)在不同土地利用方式下表现为果园>农田>撂荒地,相对消散指数(RSI)和相对机械破碎指数(RMI)则有相反的趋势。优先流区在10—20 cm土层比基质流区具有更强的团聚体稳定性以及抵抗消散作用和机械破坏能力。土壤染色率与快速湿润的MWD呈显著负相关,与RSI呈显著正相关。研究表明果园比农田和撂荒地具有更好的优先流特征和团聚体稳定性,并且优先流区抗团聚破碎能力比基质流区更强,这将有利于维持优先流途径稳定性。     

Phosphorus fractionation and adsorption characteristics in drinking water reservoir inlet river sediments under human disturbance

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Sediment phosphorus fractionation, adsorption kinetics, and adsorption isotherm characteristics were studied in two rivers, Muyang River and Lengshui River in...     

N transformation mechanisms and N dynamics of organic fertilisers as partial substitutes for chemical fertilisers in paddy soils

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Knowledge of nitrogen (N) dynamics of organic fertilisers as partial substitutes for chemical fertilisers could improve the retention of mineral N and optimise...     

聚砜的氯甲基化反应条件研究

以聚砜为原材料制备了氯甲基化聚砜,重点研究了无毒的三甲基氯硅烷与聚砜进行的氯甲基化过程,考察了反应条件对取代度的影响。通过红外光谱法与热重分析法表征了产物的化学结构与热稳定性。结果表明在选用极性较强的二氯甲烷为溶剂,35℃下反应60 h,PSF重复单元与SnCl4摩尔比为1:2时,氯甲基化取代度最高达到1.25 mmol/g。此实验方法取代度高,操作简便,成本较低,易在实验室进行。本研究对于革新氯甲基化聚砜的制备方法,促进功能高分子材料的发展具有重要的理论意义与参考价值。     

罗布泊糖霉菌属放线菌系统进化分析

为了研究罗布泊糖霉菌属(Glycomyces)放线菌多样性,采用不同盐浓度梯度的5种培养基,共分离到7株Glycomyces放线菌,其中5株与有效发表菌株相似性在94.00-96.58%,可能代表Glycomyces新物种。通过系统发育分析揭示罗布泊土壤Glycomyces放线菌的多样性,且多数菌株以极高的自展值在Glycomycetaceae科内形成稳定的、独立的分支。结果表明罗布泊地区不仅具有较多Glycomyces放线菌新物种资源,而且还是一个独特的资源类群。这为开发利用这一类微生物资源提供理论基础和菌种支持。     

油酸对鹅原代肝细胞三酰甘油含量及TNFα和PPA Rα表达的影响

以四川白鹅(Anser cygnoides)原代培养肝细胞为模型,测定了油酸对鹅肝细胞活性、三酰甘油(TG)含量、脂滴形成的影响,同时研究了油酸对肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)和过氧化酶体增殖物激活受体α基因(PPARα)表达的作用.结果表明,0.5 mmol/L的油酸能增强肝细胞活性,而1.5 mmol/L油酸对肝细胞活性有抑制作用.添加不同浓度油酸都能诱导鹅肝细胞TG含量和脂滴增多,其中1.0 mmol/L的油酸作用最明显.0.5 mmol/L、1.0 mmol/L和1.5 mmol/L油酸都能提高PPARα mRNA水平;而0.5 mmol/L和1.0 mmol/L油酸均能提高TNFα基因表达,但1.5 mmol/L油酸对TNFα mRNA水平没有明显影响,表明PPARα和TNFα基因表达水平变化对维持鹅肝细胞内脂质代谢的平衡具有重要作用.     

牛Oct4基因克隆及其逆转录病毒表达载体的构建

为了克隆奶牛Oct4基因开放性阅读框全序列,并建立高效、稳定产生逆转录病毒质粒pMSCV-Oct4的包装细胞株.我们以50～60日龄的胎牛原始生殖嵴为材料,用RT-PCR的方法扩增出牛Oct4基因全序列,全长为1 083 bp与GenBank公布的序列的同源性为99.4%.将其插入到逆转录病毒载体pMSCVneo的多克隆位点,获得重组逆转录病毒质粒pMSCVneo-Oct4.鉴定正确后,通过Lipofectamine2000将其转导入包装细胞PT67,用含有G418的培养液进行抗性筛选,获得阳性细胞克隆.细胞上清经过RT-PCR、透射电镜及病毒滴度测定等方法鉴定,证实所包装病毒存在,其滴度值为8.83×107 cfu/mL.试验结果表明我们已获得携带牛Oct4基因的高滴度感染性逆转录病毒.