2007KBDB全国长距离鸽王季军—马顿父子

马顿父子（Cyriel ＆ Dirk Martens）为长距离世家,以乔治·卡度斯和范德·维根的鸽子打下根基。2003年-2004年,他们的两只鸽子分别夺得了KBDB全国超长距离鸽王6位及全国超长距离鸽王7位。KBDB全国超长距离鸽王6位“珍宝号”（Jumbo）被盖比看上了,可惜一身黑斑,讨不了盖比的欢心。     

Phylogenetic position and nucleotide diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae worldwide based on translation elongation factor 1α sequences

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae is considered the most important fungus affecting vanilla crops around the world, causing rot on vanilla roots and stems. Previous studies showed that the ability to infect vanilla plants is a polyphyletic trait among strains of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC). The same studies proposed a single origin for F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae isolates sampled from Mexico, the centre of origin and distribution of vanilla. The aim of this work was to test the hypothesis of the monophyletic origin of a wider sample of isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae infecting Mexican vanilla and estimate nucleotide diversity of pathogen isolates from the main vanilla‐producing countries. Sequence data for the TEF1α gene from 106 isolates was assembled. The phylogenetic analyses suggest that some Mexican isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. vanillae belong in two well‐supported clades, mixed with isolates from Madagascar, Indonesia, Réunion and Comoros. The phylogenetic position of other Indonesian and Mexican isolates is unresolved. Estimations of nucleotide diversity showed that the population from Mexico is genetically more diverse than the other three populations from Madagascar, Indonesia and Réunion. The results support a polyphyletic origin of vanilla‐infecting isolates of F. oxysporum worldwide, and also reject the proposition that Mexican isolates have a single origin. The phylogenetic optimizations over the strict consensus tree of the ability to infect vanilla plants suggest that pathogenic strains around the world are the product of multiple shifts of pathogenesis and dispersion events.     

Economic optimisation in seabream (Sparus aurata) aquaculture production using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm

The purpose of this study is the economic optimisation of seabream farming through the determination of the production strategies that maximise the present operating profits of the cultivation process. The methodology applied is a particle swarm optimisation algorithm based on a bioeconomic model that simulates the process of seabream fattening. The biological submodel consists of three interrelated processes, stocking, growth, and mortality, and the economic submodel considers costs and revenues related to the production process. Application of the algorithm to seabream farming in Spain reveals that the activity is profitable and shows competitive differences associated with location. Additionally, the applications of the particle swarm optimisation algorithm could be of interest for the management of other important species, such as salmon (Salmo salar), catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), or tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).     

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the injectable formulation of methadone hydrochloride and methadone in lipid nanocarriers administered orally to horses

We investigated the thermal, electrical and mechanical antinociceptive and physiological effects (heart rate, respiratory rate, arterial blood pressure, head height and abdominal auscultation score), and pharmacokinetics, of 0.5 mg/kg of the injectable formulation (ORAL) or nanoparticulated methadone (NANO) given orally, in six adult mares, using a crossover, blind and prospective design. Repeated‐measure models were used to compare parametric data between and within treatments, followed by Tukey's test. Nonparametric data were analysed with Wilcoxon signed‐rank, adjusted by Bonferroni tests. Blood samples were also collected up to 6 h after dosing for plasma drug quantification by LC‐MS/MS. Methadone pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by noncompartmental and compartmental approaches. There were no differences in pharmacodynamic parameters. No statistical differences were observed in the pharmacokinetic parameters from noncompartmental analysis for both groups, except a significant decrease in peak plasma concentration, increase in apparent volume of distribution per fraction absorbed (Vd_ss/F) and increased mean residence time (MRT) for NANO. One‐compartment open model with first order elimination best described the pharmacokinetic profiles for both groups. Neither ORAL nor NANO administered orally to horses produced antinociception. The nanoencapsulated formulation of methadone given orally to horses did not improve methadone pharmacokinetic parameters or increased systemic body exposure to methadone.     

Anesthetic effects of different volumes of lidocaine for spermatic cord block in cattle

Objective

To evaluate three volumes of lidocaine for spermatic cord block to perform castration in cattle.