柴达木盆地次生盐渍化撂荒地的改良与利用

在分析了柴达木盆地次生盐渍化撂荒地的成因的基础上，对生物改良和利用撂荒地的大量试验结果进行了分析和总结，提出了封育一灌溉和建植入工草是改良与利用盐渍化撂荒化撂荒地的有效途径，并阐述了在柴达木盆地建立草地农业生态系统的必要性 。     

Effects of chromium nicotinate on performance, carcase characteristics and blood chemistry of growing turkeys

1. The objective of this trial was to study the effects of chromium nicotinate (Cr) supplementation on the performance, carcase characteristics and blood constituents of 9 to 22 week-old male turkeys. 2. Fifty-four 8-week-old male turkeys weighing 2.9 +/- 0.28 kg were allocated at random into 9 groups with 3 dietary treatments and 3 replicates. The dietary treatment was different dietary concentrations of chromium in the basal diet, to provide 0 (control), 1 or 3 mg/kg. The feeding trial lasted for 14 weeks. 3. Results showed that 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly improved weight gain and food intake at 9 to 18 weeks of age but did not significantly influence performance at 19 to 22 week of age. The breast and thigh muscle were significantly increased in birds receiving 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation but were decreased by 3 mg/kg of supplementation. 4. Dietary chromium supplementation did not significantly influence other serum constituents, including insulin, HDL, VLDL+LDL, HDL-C, VLDL-C+LDL-C, total protein, albumin, and gamma-globulin at 18 and 22 weeks of age. 5. The serum triacylglycerol (TG) and uric acid contents were significantly increased, while glycerol and alpha-globulin were significantly reduced by 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation. However, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly reduced serum cholesterol and glycerol at 18-weeks old. At 22 weeks of age, 1 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased serum glucose and decreased the uric acid concentration whereas 3 mg/kg chromium supplementation significantly increased the creatinine concentration and decreased beta-globulin concentration.     

东北虎雌性生殖系统解剖

对 2例 1 999年 1 0月意外死亡的东北虎雌性生殖系统进行了解剖。雌性东北虎的卵巢被覆卵巢囊 ,随着年龄增长卵巢表面凸凹不平 ,呈脑的沟回状。输卵管位于卵巢游离缘外侧 ,呈半圆形围绕着卵巢 ,输卵管壶腹部弯曲、峡部直 ;子宫与输卵管分界明显 ;子宫角长度约相当于子宫体长度的 2倍 ;阴道呈背腹压扁的管状     

苜蓿高效再生体系研究进展

作为牧草生物技术的一个重要组成部分,苜蓿Medicago sativa组织培养工作在国内外得到了大量开展.从苜蓿组织培养中外植体和培养基的选择、细胞生长调节物质的应用以及基因型的选择4个方面阐述了苜蓿高效再生体系研究现状,并对目前研究中存在的问题进行了归纳,提出了苜蓿再生体系研究的发展趋势.     

几种绵羊常用粗饲料GI的测定及其代谢能模型化研究

在测定5类9种粗饲料及3个混合粗饲料的常规成分基础上,实测了它们的粗饲料分级指数(GI):大青山草地早熟禾3.4758、沙打旺3.3731、苜蓿1.7202、混粗C21.1797、青干草1.1029、混粗C10.7852、羊草0.5684、玉米青贮0.4152、玉米秸0.1985、谷草0.1728、混粗D0.0805、苏丹草0.0687,并就GI与饲料相对值(RFV)对粗饲料品质的分级进行了比较,表明GI要优于RFV,同时证明:GI还可以用于混合粗饲料的优化与牧草刈割期的确定。研究并建立了预测粗饲料代谢能(ME)的模型:ME(MJ/kg)=-11.7492 0.5959IVDM(D%)-0.0044[IVDM(D%)]2,其中IVDMD为体外干物质消化率。     

家蚕葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶家族基因BmGMCβ2的克隆及序列与表达分析

葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶(glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductases,GMC)家族是昆虫体内一大类以黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)为辅酶的氧化还原酶类,家蚕基因组中含有43个GMC家族基因。以家蚕5龄幼虫cDNA为模板克隆到一个家蚕GMC家族基因,命名为BmGMCβ2(GenBank登录号:JQ965926)。该基因cDNA全长1 875 bp,编码624个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子质量为69.3 kD,pI为6.21,定位于家蚕16号染色体的nscaf3058上,编码蛋白质含GMC家族共有的ADP-bindingβ-α-β折叠结构域。系统发育分析表明该基因是家蚕GMC家族β亚家族基因成员。RT-PCR检测家蚕不同发育时期和5龄第3天幼虫不同组织中BmGMCβ2基因mRNA转录水平,以5龄盛食期最高,并且主要在表皮、脂肪体和气管中转录表达;Westernblotting分析BmGMCβ2蛋白主要在5龄第3天幼虫的脂肪体中表达。将BmGMCβ2克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转化E.coli BL21表达菌株,IPTG诱导表达BmGMCβ2融合蛋白,通过His-亲和层析得到纯化的融合蛋白并制备多克隆抗体,为后续研究该蛋白在家蚕生长发育过程中的功能奠定了基础。     

用发酵罐制备嗜水气单胞菌疫苗用菌液培养条件的优化

本试验探讨了用发酵罐培养嗜水气单胞菌灭活疫苗生产菌株Ｊ－１株菌液的最佳条件。分别以发酵罐和摇床在不同的培养条件下培养Ｊ－１株制备菌液,前者１２个批次,后者６个批次。比较不同的培养条件对细菌菌体数量及ＨＥＣ毒素产量的影响。结果表明：发酵罐培养优于摇床培养,以产毒素培养基于２８℃发酵罐通气培养Ｊ－１株,培养２８小时效果最佳,培养菌液含菌量达２．９×１０１０ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ,培养液上清的溶血价达２７,发酵液中残糖为０．１２ｇ／Ｌ,符合发酵工艺要求。     

SPF蛋鸡人工感染鸡杆菌的病理形态学观察

采用鸡杆菌自然病例分离纯化的鸡杆菌人工感染开产前(105日龄)和开产后(163日龄)的SPF蛋鸡,运用组织学的方法对鸡杆菌自然病例和试验病例进行比较病理学观察。结果表明,自然病例和试验病例均可引起蛋鸡产蛋高峰推迟,产蛋量下降,且多产畸形蛋;病变主要在呼吸道和生殖道,主要表现为呼吸道和生殖道黏膜层严重充血、水肿、浆液性及炎性渗出等反应。但是试验病例未出现自然病例中常见的腹膜炎和输卵管炎症状。输卵管的病变主要在膨大部和子宫部,这种特征性病变可作为该病病理诊断的重要指征之一。这表明鸡杆菌单因子感染可引起SPF开产蛋鸡生产性能明显降低以及呼吸道和生殖道的病理变化。     

Effects of stable dust on farm animals-a review

The relationship between air quality-its dust content-and respiratory diseases of animals in the food industry and otherwise in examined. The correlation between dust content and incidence of disease in farm animals is also discussed. Lesions caused either directly or indirectly by dusttransported microorganisms are reviewd. Effects of dust on animal performance are included.This review is an attempt to compile available information on the natural occurrence of stable dust and the possibilities for its measurement and control.     

澳大利亚墨尔本WHO流感中心对南极洲企鹅的禽流感监测

2013年,澳大利亚墨尔本世界卫生组织流感参考和研究合作中心对南极企鹅开展了禽流感病毒监测。在270份企鹅血样中,检出34份禽流感抗体阳性,抗体阳性率为16%;对301份咽喉?泄殖腔拭子进行禽流感病原学检测,检出8份阳性,病原阳性率为2.5%,并成功分离到4株H11N2禽流感病毒。企鹅携带禽流感病毒这一事实,引发了全球共同抗击全球化动物疫情的思考。