Protective efficacy of an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine produced from Re-11, Re-12, and H7-Re2 strains against challenge with different H5 and H7 viruses in chickens

We developed an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine by using Re-11, Re-12, and H7-Re2 vaccine seed viruses, which were generated by reverse genetics and derived their HA genes from A/duck/Guizhou/S4184/2017(H5 N6)(DK/GZ/S4184/17)(a clade 2.3.4.4 d virus), A/chicken/Liaoning/SD007/2017(H5 N1)(CK/LN/SD007/17)(a clade 2.3.2.1 d virus), and A/chicken/Guangxi/SD098/2017(H7 N9)(CK/GX/SD098/17), respectively. The protective efficacy of this novel vaccine and that of the recently used H5/H7 bivalent inactivated vaccine against different H5 and H7 N9 viruses was evaluated in chickens. We found that the H5/H7 bivalent vaccine provided solid protection against the H7 N9 virus CK/GX/SD098/17, but only 50–60% protection against different H5 viruses. In contrast, the novel H5/H7 trivalent vaccine provided complete protection against the H5 and H7 viruses tested. Our study underscores the importance of timely updating of vaccines for avian influenza control.     

Zerumbone attenuates MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by inhibition of oxidative stress

AIM: To investigate the role of zerumbone (ZER) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺)-induced cytotoxicity of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS: Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro and the protective effect of ZER against MPP⁺-induced cytotoxicity was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression of Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7) was knocked-down by using PARK7-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The protein levels of PARK7, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: MMP⁺ remarkably reduced the cell viability in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The SH-SY5Y cell injury model was established by treatment with MPP⁺ at 600 μmol/L for 24 h. ZER up-regulated the protein levels of PARK7 and Nrf2 (P<0.05), alleviated apoptosis (P<0.05), and reduced ROS production (P<0.05) in the SH-SY5Y cell injury model. Meanwhile, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) had the similar functions. Moreover, significant reductions in the protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 (P<0.05), and obvious increases in apoptosis (P<0.05) and ROS level (P<0.05) were demonstrated in PARK7-knockdown cells. CONCLUSION: ZER protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP⁺-induced cytotoxi-city, which may be related to activation of PARK7/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and subsequent attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis.     

深松施用有机肥对玉米不同器官钾含量的影响

为了明确深松结合施用有机肥对玉米不同器官钾含量的影响,在大田条件下,设常规旋耕(T_1,CK)、深松(T_2)、深松施用有机肥(T_3) 3个处理,测定了玉米大喇叭口期、灌浆期、成熟期不同器官的钾含量。结果表明:T_3处理的玉米茎钾含量在大喇叭口期和灌浆期均为最高,其中大喇叭口期指标值与T_1处理差异显著,而在收获期低于其他2个处理但差异均不显著;叶片钾含量全生育期始终高于T_1处理、低于T_2处理,其中与T_2处理差异均不显著,但在灌浆期指标值明显高于T_1处理;苞叶钾含量始终低于T_1处理,与T_2处理相比灌浆期较高、收获期较低,但差异均不显著;轴钾含量在灌浆期最高、收获期最低,与其他2个处理差异均达到了显著水平;灌浆期和收获期玉米子粒钾含量均最高,且与T_1处理差异均达到了显著水平,在灌浆期指标值也明显高于T_2处理。综合分析认为,深松施用有机肥有利于提高玉米生育前期各器官尤其是玉米子粒的钾含量。     

不同光质下外源锌对水培生菜生长和品质的影响

以'意大利耐抽薹'生菜(Lactuca sativa L.)为试材,采用水培法,设置不同光质(红蓝光比例为4∶1、1∶2和全红光、全蓝光)和外源锌浓度(0、0.5、1.0 mg·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O),研究不同光质下外源锌对水培生菜生长和品质特性的调控效应,以期为植物工厂在不同光质下施加外源锌提高蔬菜产量和品质提供参考依据.结果 表明:高比例红光会促进生菜生物量、可溶性糖和还原糖的积累,并降低硝酸盐的含量,其中以红蓝光比例为4∶1的光质处理效果最好;高比例蓝光会促进光合色素和可溶性蛋白质含量的增加,其中以全蓝光处理效果最好,但全蓝光处理会对植株的生长产生抑制作用.从光质与Zn的互作效果看,光质对生菜生长和品质的影响起主导作用,外源Zn起调节作用.综合考虑,红蓝光比例为4∶1光质下根施0.5 mg·L-1 ZnSO4·7H2O处理对生菜的生长发育、产量提高以及品质改善的促进作用最佳.     

鄂尔多斯细羊毛生产经营分析及发展对策

鄂尔多斯细羊毛主要产自内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市乌审旗，羊毛综合品质堪比澳毛。近年来，在各级政府的大力支持下，当地相关部门积极探索，摸索出了一条有效的细羊毛生产经营之路，细羊毛价格连年攀升，当地农牧民实现稳步增收。为了进一步推进该地区细羊毛供给侧结构性改革，建议该地区进一步加强鄂尔多斯细毛羊品种改良，做好羊毛直销的组织工作，全面推行羊毛现代化管理技术，推行羊毛公正检验制度方面的生产经营模式。     

基施水溶肥对油白菜生长及经济效益的影响

为分析水溶肥作为基肥对油白菜生长和产量的影响，对武威清源镇井水灌溉区的油白菜进行施肥试验。结果表明，基施水溶肥（含Ca+Mg）可改善油白菜的株高、开展度、莲座直径、单株叶片数、叶片性状和叶绿色等性状，较空白对照组可增产108.1%，较常规施肥可增产12.1%，肥料投入产值比为1∶23.3，且施肥经济效益明显。研究结果可为基施水溶性肥对其他作物增产增效提供理论指导。      

特早熟高糖猕猴桃新品种‘金美’

‘金美’是从云南野外美味猕猴桃资源中选育出的绿肉高糖新品种。果实为卵形，果面黄褐色硬毛，果形整齐；平均单果质量60 ~ 80 g。果肉绿色或黄绿色，质嫩多汁，风味浓甜。软熟果实含可溶性固形物24.1%，可溶性总糖16.2%，总酸1.25%，维生素C 1 180 mg • kg-1，钾 342 mg • kg-1，钙84.2 mg • kg-1。在武汉地区8月果实成熟，此时果实采后7 d开始软熟，1 ~ 2 ℃低温和95%相对湿度下可存放100 ~ 120 d。盛果期产量22 t • hm-2。     

香蕉新品种‘南天红’

香蕉新品种‘南天红’由‘南天黄’的自然突变选育而成。假茎平均高度2.59 m，幼树假茎外表面暗红色，抽蕾后转绿。雄花苞片外表面常为深红色，花苞卷曲，常不脱落；从种植到收获11 ~ 13个月，单株产量25 kg，品质好。中高抗香蕉枯萎病4号小种，采用配套的栽培技术可在所有香蕉种植区推广。     

光伏与农业结合的相关研究综述

搜集了光伏与农业结合的相关文献,将其梳理为3个方面:光伏在农业中的应用、农光互补和光伏农业,进而对这3个方面的研究进行了综述.研究发现,光伏在农业中的应用主要用于解决农业生产中的能源短缺以及绿色生产等问题;农光互补则不同,它更加注重光伏发电与农业生产的相互影响、竞合关系以及耦合共生;而光伏农业是我国特有的提法,其含义包括光伏在农业中的应用和农光互补2个方面.未来的研究可从产业共生视角进行,分析光伏产业与农业共生融合的经济、社会和环境效应.