Suppressive effect of a proanthocyanidin-rich extract from longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) flowers on nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated macrophage cells

Anthocyanidins found in certain flowers have been shown to act as strong antioxidants in various systems, exhibiting multiple biological actions. The antioxidative effects of water extract and ethanolic extract of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) flowers were evaluated by radical scavenging activity and compared to those of gallic acid, myricetin, and epigallocatechin gallate. In this study, the suppressive effects of longan flower extracts on nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production were investigated using a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell model. Abundant levels of phenolic compounds including flavonoids, condensed tannins, and proanthocyanidins were found in water or ethanolic extracts prepared from dried longan flowers. The antioxidative effect of longan flower extract was similar to the effect exhibited by pure antioxidants. Moreover, longan flower extract showed prominent inhibitory effects on prostaglandin E2 production. Significant concentration-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide production was detected when cells were cotreated with lipopolysaccharide and various concentrations of longan flower extracts. These inhibitory effects were further attributed to suppression of inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression and not to reduced enzymatic activity. These results suggest that longan flower crude extracts, especially ethanolic extract, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and the probable mechanism involves inhibition of inflammation by proanthocyanidins. Preliminary observations suggest that longan flower extract, especially alcoholic extract, could be another potential source of natural dietary antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent.     

随机森林在红松活立木腐朽分级中的应用

以五营森林公园中不同腐朽程度的红松为研究对象,选取无损、易获取指标(阻力损失及心材、边材异常面积比)为模型自变量,腐朽等级为因变量,利用无损检测并结合随机森林对活立木腐朽程度进行分级。使用重复分层K折交叉验证保证样本数据在训练和测试时分类均衡,并建立随机森林立木腐朽分级模型。结果表明：随机森林腐朽分级模型训练、测试精度分别为100%、90%,说明其拟合效果好、泛化能力强。随机森林对腐朽等级(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ)的辨识均正确,召回率都为100%,腐朽等级Ⅲ错判1例,对腐朽立木进行分级的准确率高达96.67%,随机森林的微观、宏观平均AUC值分别为0.979 2、0.970 8。     

黑龙江省野生大豆资源的评价和利用

野生大豆(G.Soja)资源的研究结果展示了野生大豆多花多荚、高蛋白含量、某些抗性等优异性状基因的导入,有可能为栽培大豆高产育种、优质育种、抗性育种带来新突破。     

洛阳引种江南牡丹观赏性及适应性评价

为丰富洛阳栽植牡丹的品种资源类型,提升洛阳牡丹整体观赏性,研究利用层次分析法（AHP）,选取成活率、成花率和整株观赏性等14 个性状为评价指标,构建评价体系,对从宁国引种的10 个江南牡丹品种进行综合评价,以期筛选出适宜洛阳地区栽植推广且有较高观赏性的江南牡丹品种。评价结果分为3个等级,Ⅰ级有‘玉楼’、‘凤尾’、‘云芳’和‘四旋’4 个品种,Ⅱ级有‘玫红’、‘呼红’、‘西施’和‘昌红’4 个品种,Ⅲ级有‘粉莲’和‘轻罗’2 个品种。等级为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级的牡丹品种整体观赏适应性突出,适当加强管理即可,适合在洛阳地区推广,等级为Ⅲ级的品种整体表现一般,可少量引种栽植。     

巨尾桉人工林小径桉木常规干燥工艺优化

为提高桉树人工林小径桉木的干燥效率和质量,在对桉木干燥加工企业进行调研的基础上,对巨尾桉(Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla)锯材的堆积方式和干燥基准进行分析,制定优化干燥工艺.结果表明,采用优化后的干燥工艺,小径巨尾桉锯材从初含水率47.30％干燥至终含水率9.14％,共耗时178 h,平均干燥速率0.21％/h,比企业干燥工艺的干燥速率高出23.53％;干燥质量指标均满足GB/T 6491-2012对二级锯材的技术要求.该工艺可进行推广,有利于桉木锯材干燥生产的提质增效及节能减排.     

不同Ca2+浓度对蒲公英和橡胶草种子萌发及根系生长的影响

【目的】研究黄蒲蒲公英和科根橡胶草2个品系种子萌发和根系生长对不同Ca²⁺浓度的响应,分析其种子及根部对Ca²⁺的响应特征。【方法】以新疆当地黄蒲蒲公英、科根橡胶草为材料,2020年设置室内试验。设0(CK)、0.04、0.08、0.12、0.16 mol/L 5个Ca²⁺浓度处理。【结果】与CK相比,0.04 mol/L Ca²⁺处理未显著影响黄蒲蒲公英和科根橡胶草的种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数,其余Ca²⁺处理下的种子萌发参数均随着浓度增加呈降低趋势。根系参数与种子萌发参数表现一致,根系总长度、表面积、体积均随着Ca²⁺浓度的增加逐渐降低,科根橡胶草的细根长度(直径(d)<0.5 mm)在0.04、0.08 mol/L Ca²⁺浓度处理下大于黄蒲蒲公英。【结论】黄蒲蒲公英和科根橡胶草在不同的Ca²⁺浓度处理下的根系生长适应性不同。尤其在0.04、0.08 mol/L Ca²⁺浓度处理下科根橡胶草细根长度要大于黄蒲蒲公英,发芽率也要大于黄蒲蒲公英。     

海南西瓜三叶枯病的病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选试验

西瓜三叶枯病是海南省西瓜栽培过程中出现的一种严重的病害。通过对该病菌原培养特性，形态特征和寄主范围的测定，鉴定出西瓜三叶枯病的病原为极孢属。采用含毒介质法，进行了８种药剂对该菌的毒力测定。结果表明：扑海因和代森锰锌抑菌效果最好。     

伞花木1年生播种苗生长节律研究

为掌握伞花木1年生播种苗的年生长规律,为伞花木苗木的高效培育提供科学依据,本文采用Logistic生长曲线方程对伞花木1年生播种苗的苗高与地径生长进行拟合,相关系数分别为0.995和0.997,均达极显著水平.根据伞花木1年生播种苗的实际观测值建立动态生长模型,并将其播种苗1年生长过程划分为出苗期、生长初期、生长盛期、生长后期.苗高的速生期为6月中旬-8月下旬,地径速生期为6月上旬-9月上旬,地径速生期比苗高速生期提早20 d结束,地径用46.67％的生长时间完成了65.43％的生长量.1年生苗木地上部分粗壮、地下部分具深根性,其根可深达土层32.92 cm处,且侧根数量较多,分布广.