水平圆盘精密排种器新型推刮种器

从水平圆盘精密排种器的工作原理出发，分析了现有推刮种器影响排种精度和导致种子破碎的原因，设计了新型滚珠式推刮种器。台架和田间试验结果表明，设计的推刮种器能降低种子破碎率并提高排种性能指标。     

甜菊糖甙对哺乳仔猪生产性能和健康状况的影响

为研究天然甜菊糖甙作为新型甜味剂在哺乳仔猪中的应用效果,随机选取16窝哺乳仔猪(杜长大,10头/窝)分为4组,每组4个重复,分别饲喂添加0、100、200和500g/t天然甜菊糖甙的教槽料,试验从仔猪7d时开始,至断奶后1周(28d)结束,期间每隔7d对仔猪采食量、增重和健康状况进行测定。结果发现,在哺乳仔猪日粮中添加100、200和500g/t的甜菊糖甙,显著提高仔猪断奶重(21d)和28d体重(P0.05),显著提高14～21和22～28d阶段内的平均日增重、平均日采食量和偏嗜指数(P0.05),而各甜味剂添加组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。7～28d内仔猪日增重200g/t组显著高于对照组和100g/t组。仔猪断奶(21d)后1周内腹泻率和腹泻指数有改善趋势(P0.05),7～28d内仔猪发病率200和500g/t天然甜菊糖甙组显著降低(P0.05)。因此,考虑成体投入的同时,在哺乳仔猪日粮中添加200g/t的天然甜菊糖甙,可取得良好的应用效果。     

Expression and homology modelling of sterol 14α‐demethylase of Magnaporthe grisea and its interaction with azoles

BACKGROUND: Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) ME Barr infection is one of the most serious diseases for cultivated rice in the world. Sterol 14α‐demethylase (CYP51) is an important drug target for microbial pathogenic infections. To exploit specific and effective fungicides for M. grisea better, the authors have analysed the characteristics of interaction between sterol 14α‐demethylase from M. grisea (MGCYP51) and azoles. MGCYP51 with truncation of N‐terminal residues was cloned and expressed in E. coli, difference binding spectra of MGCYP51 induced by addition of four commercial azoles were determined and molecular modelling of MGCYP51 based on the crystal structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lehmann & Newman and docking with the azoles were performed. RESULTS: The affinity of the azoles for MGCYP51 was positively correlated with their hydrophobicity. Amino acid residues Tyr112, Phe120, Phe220, His308 and Phe497 of MGCYP51, forming a large hydrophobic cavity, are the key residues interacting with azole fungicides. Furthermore, Phe220 and Phe497 are fungus and species specific respectively. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the more potent azole fungicides for MGCYP51 should possess more hydrophobic groups interacting with residues Phe220 and Phe497. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

柑橘属植物疫霉病菌检测与鉴定的研究进展

在全世界危害柑橘属植物的疫霉有十几种,其中冬生疫霉(Phytophthora hibernalis)和丁香疫霉(P.syringae)为我国规定禁止进境的两种检疫性真菌病害。本文从传统的症状观察、病原菌形态特征和分子检测等方面综述了柑橘属疫霉菌检测与鉴定的研究进展,可为柑橘属植物疫霉菌的口岸检疫提供借鉴。     

巴拉那根结线虫的鉴定及生物学特性

巴拉那根结线虫(Meloidogyne paranaensis)是咖啡上最具有毁灭性的根结线虫之一,可造成咖啡减产高达50%,目前主要发生在巴西、危地马拉和墨西哥,我国没有分布。本文介绍了巴拉那根结线虫的形态鉴定特征和生物学特性等内容。     

Leaf spot of tobacco caused by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium proliferatum</Emphasis>

In 2014 and 2015, an unknown leaf spot disease was found on tobacco in Guangxi, China. The fungus isolated from these spots was identified as Fusarium proliferatum based on morphological characteristics and sequence analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1α). This fungus also reproduced leaf spot symptoms after inoculation and was reisolated from the symptomatic lesions. This is the first report of a new leaf spot caused by Fusarium proliferatum on tobacco.     

新疆野苹果花粉活力的研究初报

以新疆伊犁地区新源县交吾托海野果林原生境内的新疆野苹果不同单株的花粉为试验材料,采用固体培养基法研究了不同保存温度和不同浓度蔗糖对花粉活力的影响。结果表明：花粉常温保存3d以内活力较高,平均萌发率为58%,保存5d以后花粉活力开始明显下降,平均萌发率为37%,保存30d以后平均萌发率仅1%,几乎无活力;花粉4℃保存10d以内具有较高活力,平均萌发率在50%以上,4℃保存130d仍有活力;蔗糖对花粉萌发有明显的促进作用,其中以浓度15%蔗糖较好。单株间花粉活力存在差异。     

焉耆盆地土壤盐渍化的光谱特征分析

土壤盐渍化是干旱区/半干旱区常见的一种土地退化现象,加强对土壤的盐渍化遥感调查和监测有利于盐渍土壤的改良和利用。高光谱波段众多、光谱信息丰富,在识别和定量演算盐渍土壤盐分含量上具有较大的优势。为了推进高光谱遥感数据在土壤盐渍化监测中的应用,本文以焉耆盆地部分地区为研究区域,通过野外调查以及实地测点,利用便携式光谱仪测量研究区域内不同盐渍程度的土壤光谱,分析土壤光谱曲线与土壤盐渍程度之间的关系,从而为今后的高光谱遥感的盐渍化监测打下基础。     

蛭形巨吻棘头虫的LDH同工酶

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对蛭形巨吻棘头虫（Ｍａｃｒａｃａｎｔｈｏｒｈｙｎｃｈｕｓｈｉｒｕｄｉｎａｃｅｕｓ）雄虫、雌虫体液和宿主（猪）血清的ＬＤＨ同工酶的酶谱、相对迁移率和相对活性等进行比较表明,雄虫有３条酶带和雌虫有２条酶带显示出很强的特异性;不同浓度的抑制剂（硝硫氰醚）对雄虫和雌虫特有的ＬＤＨ同工酶酶带活性具有不同程度的抑制作用,尤其是雌虫第２带对抑制剂最敏感。蛭形巨吻棘头虫体液具有特异的且不同于宿主（猪）血清ＬＤＨ１～５的ＬＤＨ同工酶酶带,特有的ＬＤＨ同工酶可能由４条不同的区带组成。