云南乳饼加工技术及品质影响因素

云南乳饼作为具有少数民族特色的传统发酵乳制品,其品质优良且工艺简单,极具市场发展前景,但目前仍处于传统手工作坊式阶段,急需实现乳饼的标准化生产。本文首先总结分析了目前乳饼的生产工艺,对其中关键工艺进行阐述,为工艺产业化提供参考;其次综述了影响乳饼品质的因素,包括鲜乳稀释比、凝乳温度和pH、凝乳剂、挤压强度和时间以及外源添加剂等,深入介绍这些因素对工艺及产品质量的影响,旨在为开展乳饼的新工艺和新产品研发提供理论依据,以期将富含民族特色的乳饼推向市场销售。     

芜湖市5所公园地被植物应用状况分析

为进一步明确地被植物在城市公园中的景观应用,采用实地调研的方法,记录并分析安徽省芜湖市内的赭山公园、镜湖公园、九莲塘公园、滨江公园(一期)和雕塑公园的地被植物应用状况.结果显示,5所公园常用地被植物共有94种,其中草本41种、木本53种,麦冬等7种草本及洒金桃叶珊瑚等32种木本地被植物应用最多;各公园的滨水区域地被植物...     

花生籽仁蔗糖含量多世代联合群体主基因+多基因遗传模型分析

花生是重要的油料和经济作物,在世界范围内广泛种植.甜味是与花生口感及风味高度相关的遗传性状,花生的甜味主要来源于花生籽仁中的蔗糖,蔗糖含量达到6％以上时,其口感及风味较好.因此,提高花生籽仁的蔗糖含量是改善花生口感及风味的关键因素之一.但迄今为止,对花生籽仁蔗糖含量的遗传分析未见报道.本研究以2组高、低花生籽仁蔗糖含量...     

基于土壤肥力质量综合指数评价化肥与有机肥配施对红壤稻田肥力的提升作用

[目的]准确评价有机肥料提高农田土壤肥力的效果,是正确选择土壤培肥措施的基础.通过比较两种土壤肥力质量综合指数的计算方法评价有机肥培肥效果的可行性.[方法]3年田间定位试验(2015—2017)在长江中下游的红壤双季稻田进行.共设7个处理:不施肥(CK),等氮磷钾投入量下的单施化肥(CF)和一半化肥氮配施一半的牛粪(+...     

改进型遗传算法在农网无功优化中的应用

根据农村电网的特点,建立了综合考虑全年网损、电压质量和补偿设备投资的无功优化规划数学模型.应用自适应遗传算法改进了传统遗传算法的遗传算子和终止判据等,提出了一种配电网无功优化的改进型遗传算法,其收敛速度和求解精度均有提高.算法实例表明,改进遗传算法的优化效果优于传统遗传算法.     

计算机操作系统课程改革与研究

针对目前计算机操作系统课程教学中存在的问题,从课程内容体系的组建、教学方法的改进以及实践教学环节的合理制定等方面提出了课程教学改革的基本构想,实践证明这一教改构想在指导操作系统课程建设、提高教学质量方面积极有效。     

青藏扁蓿豆根瘤菌接种效果试验

对青藏扁蓿豆进行了根瘤菌接种试验,结果表明:青藏扁蓿豆的结瘤率接种比对照平均提高52.9%。接种使青藏扁蓿豆的干草产量提高59.6%~69.2%。     

Integration of meta-QTL discovery with omics:Towards a molecular breeding platform for improving wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a global wheat disease that devastates wheat production. Resistance to FHB spread within a wheat spike (type II resistance) and to...     

A 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone/Marine Collagen Scaffold Reinforced with Carbonated Hydroxyapatite from Fish Bones for Bone Regeneration

In bone tissue regeneration, extracellular matrix (ECM) and bioceramics are important factors, because of their osteogenic potential and cell–matrix interactions. Surface modifications with hydrophilic material including proteins show significant potential in tissue engineering applications, because scaffolds are generally fabricated using synthetic polymers and bioceramics. In the present study, carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) and marine atelocollagen (MC) were extracted from the bones and skins, respectively, of Paralichthys olivaceus. The extracted CHA was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, while MC was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The scaffolds consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL), and different compositions of CHA (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) were fabricated using a three-axis plotting system and coated with 2% MC. Then, the MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on the scaffolds to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation in vitro, and in vivo calvarial implantation of the scaffolds was performed to study bone tissue regeneration. The results of mineralization confirmed that the MC/PCL, 2.5% CHA/MC/PCL, 5% CHA/MC/PCL, and 10% CHA/MC/PCL scaffolds increased osteogenic differentiation by 302%, 858%, 970%, and 1044%, respectively, compared with pure PCL scaffolds. Consequently, these results suggest that CHA and MC obtained from byproducts of P. olivaceus are superior alternatives for land animal-derived substances.     

Natural Marine Products: Anti-Colorectal Cancer In Vitro and In Vivo

Colorectal cancer, a malignant tumor with high mortality, has a poor prognosis due to drug resistance and toxicity in clinical surgery and chemotherapy. Thus, finding safer and more efficient drugs for clinical trials is vital and urgent. Natural marine compounds, with rich resources and original chemical structures, are applied widely in anticancer treatments. We provide a systematic overview of recently reported marine compounds such as alkaloids, peptides, terpenoids, polysaccharides, and carotenoids from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. The in vitro studies summarized the marine origins and pharmacological mechanisms, including anti-proliferation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-migration, anti-invasion, the acceleration of cycle arrest, and the promotion of tumor apoptosis, of various compounds. The in vivo studies outlined the antitumor effects of marine compounds on colorectal cancer model mice and evaluated their efficacy in terms of tumor inhibition, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. The clinical studies summarized the major chemical classifications and targets of action of the clinical drugs that have entered clinical approval and completed approval for marine anticancer. In summary, we present the current situation regarding the application of natural anti-colorectal cancer marine compounds and prospects for their clinical application.