A possible mechanism for the selective herbicidal activity of iodide in relation to thiocyanate content

In an in vivo study, the rate of iodide oxidation by horseradish peroxidase was found to be reduced by the addition of ammonium thiocyanate to the system. The seleetive herbicidal activity of sodium iodide towards dwarf bean, pea, kale and cabbage was tested while the poicnlial ihioeyanale conteni of these platits was measured, A good relationship between inereasmg thiocyanale content and inereasing resistance to iodide was observed.     

The importance of Campylobacter jejuni to the meat industry: a review

Campylobacter jejuni is a microorganism that only recently has been implicated in gastroenteritis in humans. As appropriate methods used for detection of the bacterium have been developed, the rates of illness caused by the pathogen were found to approach or surpass those attributed to Salmonella. Substantial evidence has been gathered to document that the route for human infection is through the ingestion of adulterated food and drink. Some slaughter animals harbor this potential pathogen among the intestinal flora and, consequently, transfer of the organism to carcasses and to the resulting meat products does occur. The most frequently implicated meat is poultry, with an incidence of recovery of C. jejuni from the store-bought poultry meat reported to be at least 50%. Red meat from slaughter animals have also yielded this bacterium from carcasses, but at lower incidence levels. Foodborne disease has been associated most frequently with the ingestion of raw milk, but poultry, hamburger, and other foods have all been implicated as potential sources. However, cause and effect relating the presence of C. jejuni in meat and human gastroenteritis has not been demonstrated. Additional research is needed to determine whether C. jejuni isolated from meat causes gastroenteritis and whether all strains of the organism are virulent. Recognition of C. jejuni as a potential meatborne pathogen by the meat industry is necessary, and appropriate sanitary practices to prevent passage of the organism through meat products should be implemented.     

Distribution of immunoglobulin-bearing cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues of the turkey: effect of antibiotics

Distribution of immunoglobulin (Ig)-bearing cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissues of antibiotic treated and untreated control turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) was compared. Antibiotic treatment was similar to a regimen used in commercial turkey production, which included preincubation dipping of fertile eggs in gentamicin solution, injection of turkeys with gentamicin at hatching, and inclusion of chlortetracycline in the diet. Tissues were examined from turkeys at 3, 7, 14, and 21 days of age with a direct immunofluorescence procedure. Cell distribution in control turkeys was as follows: In the bursa of Fabricius, IgA-carrying cells predominated at 3 days of age, but at later intervals, the 3 classes of Ig-bearing cells were in equal numbers. In the cecal tonsils, IgM- and IgA-bearing cells were in larger numbers at 3 days of age, whereas, the IgG-bearing cells were sparsely distributed. By 7 days of age, IgM cells became more numerous in the cecal tonsils and remained numerous until 21 days of age. At 3 days of age, IgA cells predominated in the small intestines and IgM cells predominated in the large intestine. At 7 and 14 days of age, IgM cells were more numerous in the small and large intestines, but by 21 days of age, IgA cell population equaled that of IgM. The IgG cells were generally sparse in the intestines. Antibiotic treatment often resulted in lower numbers of Ig-positive cells, especially those bearing IgM and IgA. Normal development of the bursa of Fabricius was also retarded in this group.