超声波辅助双水相提取枇杷叶中的黄酮及其抗氧化研究

研究采用超声波辅助乙醇-硫酸铵双水相体系提取枇杷叶中的黄酮,采用羟自由基和DPPH自由基清除体系考察其抗氧化活性.结果 显示,超声辅助双水相提取枇杷叶黄酮的较优工艺为:超声温度40℃、超声时间40 min、液料比30 mL/g、硫酸铵用量8 g、超声功率270 W、乙醇浓度35％.在此条件下,黄酮的提取量为10.82 ...     

豆浆、蝌蚪粉在低温期培育鱼苗的影响

在水温16—22℃时,用蝌蚪粉料和豆浆分别饲养刚从孵化环道出来的建鲤和异育银鲫鱼苗．至2.7cm出塘。结果显示。蝌蚪粉料组比豆浆组培育建鲤和异育银鲫鱼苗平均提前8d和10d出塘。成活率平均提高44．7％和43．1％,鱼体平均尾增重0．06g和0．07g。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒江苏分离株ORF5及Nsp2基因部分序列分析

对2006—2007年分离于江苏省部分发病猪场的PRRSV,采用RT-PCR技术,进行ORF5基因序列以及Nsp2基因部分序列的扩增、克隆并测序。应用DNAStar软件将测序结果与已发表的国内外参考毒株进行比对分析。结果表明,分离的21株病毒ORF5基因大小均为603bp;与国内分离株之间同源性为87.7%～97.0%,与国外美洲型分离株同源性为85.6%～90.5%;21株PRRSV分离株与欧洲型毒株之间的同源性仅为54.1%～56.6%。14株用于扩增Nsp2基因部分序列的PRRSV在全基因组第2778～2780位及第2947～3033位分别缺3个和87个碱基,其中的2个江苏扬州分离株在第2747～2836位又缺失了90个碱基;14个毒株之间同源性为93.2%～99.0%,与VR-2332相比同源性为74.9%～78.5%,与国内河北、河南等地2006年的PRRSV分离株相比同源性为94.1%～99.1%。     

Corn distillers dried grains with solubles in diets for growing-finishing pigs: a cooperative study

An experiment involving 560 crossbred pigs (28 replications of 4 to 6 pigs per pen) was conducted at 9 research stations to assess the effects of dietary concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on pig performance and belly firmness. Fortified corn-soybean meal diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% DDGS were fed in 3 phases from 33 to 121 kg of BW. A common source of DDGS containing 90.1% DM, 26.3% CP, 0.96% Lys, 0.18% Trp, 9.4% crude fat, 34.6% NDF, 0.03% Ca, and 0.86% P was used at each station. Diets were formulated to contain 0.83, 0.70, and 0.58% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys during the 3 phases with diets changed at 60 and 91 kg of BW, respectively. The DDGS replaced corn and soybean meal, and up to 0.172% Lys and 0.041% Trp were added to maintain constant SID concentrations of Lys and Trp in each phase. At each station, 2 pigs from each pen in 2 replications were killed and a midline backfat core was obtained for fatty acid analysis and iodine value. In most instances, there were differences among stations (P < 0.01), but the station × treatment interactions were few. Body weight gain was linearly reduced in pigs fed the greater amounts of DDGS (0 to 45%) during phase I (950, 964, 921, and 920 g/d; P < 0.01) and over the entire experimental period (944, 953, 924, and 915 g/d; P = 0.03), but ADFI (2.73, 2.76, 2.68, and 2.70 kg) and G:F (347, 347, 345, and 341 g/kg) were not affected (P = 0.15 and P = 0.33, respectively) during the entire test. Backfat depth was reduced (linear, P < 0.02) by increasing amounts of DDGS (22.5, 22.7, 21.4, and 21.6 mm), but LM area (47.4, 47.4, 46.1, and 45.4 cm(2)) was not affected (P = 0.16) by treatments. Estimated carcass fat-free lean was 51.9, 52.2, 52.4, and 52.1% for 0 to 45% DDGS, respectively (linear, P = 0.06). Flex measures obtained at 6 stations indicated less firm bellies as dietary DDGS increased (lateral flex: 11.9, 8.6, 8.4, and 6.6 cm; linear, P < 0.001; vertical flex: 26.1, 27.4, 28.2, and 28.7 cm; linear, P < 0.003). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations in subcutaneous fat decreased linearly (P < 0.001) and PUFA concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS in the diet. Iodine values in inner (61.1, 68.2, 74.7, and 82.2) and outer (67.9, 73.6, 79.6, and 85.8) backfat increased linearly (P < 0.001) as DDGS in the diet increased. In this study, feeding diets with 30 or 45% DDGS did not have major effects on growth performance, but resulted in softer bellies. Regression analysis indicated that iodine values increased 4.3 units for every 10 percentage unit inclusion of DDGS in the diet.     

八点黑獭兔不同发育时期盲肠组织结构变化的研究

为了研究獭兔不同发育时期盲肠组织结构变化特点,总结其发育规律,采用石蜡切片、HE染色技术,对相同条件下饲养的不同生长阶段(出生后1,15,30,60d)獭兔各6只进行解剖,并在显微镜下观察其盲肠组织结构.结果发现,獭兔盲肠黏膜的单层柱状上皮细胞的高度、杯状细胞的体积都随年龄的增长而变大,半环形皱襞间的距离随着年龄的增长逐渐变小,皱襞的长度和体积也随年龄增长有所增加.此外还发现,随年龄的增长八点黑獭兔盲肠蚓突内的淋巴小结数目明显增多,黏膜下层内的淋巴小结和弥散淋巴组织随年龄增长也越来越多,黏膜皱襞变得密集.     

进口越南屠宰用活猪重大动物疫病传入风险评估

为分析进口越南屠宰用活猪传入重大动物疫病的风险,探讨进口越南屠宰用活猪的可行性,参照世界动物卫生组织以及澳大利亚、新西兰等的进口风险分析技术,采用定性评估方法,开展非洲猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等4种进境一类重大动物疫病传入释放评估、接触发生评估和后果评估。评估认为,非洲猪瘟、口蹄疫、猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等疫病具有高传入风险,可随活猪引进病原体,并且能够对我国养猪业产生不利影响,因此目前不能接受其进口。针对高传入风险,需要制定严格的降低疫病传入风险管理措施,包括严格产地要求、加强境外预检、指定口岸入境、强化隔离检疫、建立生物隔离区。本研究对我国动物产品进口贸易政策及检疫措施的制定提供了有力参考。     

藏猪健康养殖技术

目前消费者对藏猪肉的需求量越来越大,但规模化养殖程度低是藏猪养殖的现状,缺乏系统的、科学的养殖以及高产品种(系),藏猪产业发展迟缓。就藏猪健康养殖技术展开综述,以期为高海拔藏区藏猪健康养殖提供一定的参考。     

山东省部分规模猪场非洲猪瘟防控成本与效益调查

为了解山东省规模猪场非洲猪瘟防控成本和效益变化情况,2020年上半年从母猪繁殖性能、育肥猪生产性能、仔猪及饲料购买费用、医疗技术投入费用、防控成本以及收入和利润等方面,对抽检的19家规模养猪场开展问卷调查,并对调查结果分别与2019年和非洲猪瘟疫情发生前年份(以下简称正常年份)进行统计对比.结果显示:2020年上半年规...