Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of active compounds from Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

The present study was undertaken to isolate the active compounds responsible for the anthelmintic activity of methanol extract of Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius in goldfish (Carassius auratus). The active methanol extract was fractionated on silica gel column chromatography in a bioassay-guided fractionation, eventually yielding two bioactive compounds: palmitic acid and pharnilatin A by comparing spectral data (NMR and ESI-MS) with literature values. According to in vivo anthelmintic assays, they were found to be 50% effective at the concentrations (EC(50)) of 5.3 and 1.4 mg L(-1), respectively. The promising palmitic acid and pharnilatin A from S. pharbitidis were also subjected to acute toxicity tests for the evaluation of their safety to the host (goldfish). After 48h exposure, the mortalities of goldfish were recorded, and the established LC(50) values were 2.45- and 5.29-fold higher than the corresponding EC(50), demonstrating that pharnilatins A may have better application potential than palmitic acid. The present results provide evidence that pharnilatins A might be potential source of new anti-parasitic drug for the control of Dactylogyrus.     

实行动物检疫证明网络机打出证，提升动物卫生监督信息化管理水平

动物检疫证明网络机打出证系统是在我市畜牧业快速发展,出栏动物大幅增加,动物卫生检疫监督管理相对置后的情况下,为了提高动物检疫监督管理水平,更好地履行动物卫生监管职责,通过多方研究探索实践开发出来的。实施动物检疫证明网络机打出证,解决了很多以前无法解决的问题,弥补了手工出证的不足,实现了规范出证、便捷高效、网络查询、安全追溯、有效防伪、准确统计。为动物卫生及动物产品安全监管提供强有力的支撑平台和工作手段,加     

8种不同来源菜籽饼粕的生长猪氨基酸回肠消化率评定

本研究旨在评定8种不同来源菜籽饼粕对生长猪的氨基酸回肠消化率。选取初始体重相近(33.21±1.56)kg、在回肠末端安装简单T-型瘘管并恢复良好的DLY生长阉公猪12头,随机分配到2个6×6拉丁方试验中,每个拉丁方均含1个无氮饲粮、1个基础饲粮和4个试验饲粮处理。试验共6期,每期7 d,前5 d为适应期,后2 d收集回肠食糜。结果表明:除蛋氨酸外,不同来源菜籽饼粕中其他氨基酸回肠表观(标准)消化率差异显著(P<0.05)。赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸和色氨酸4种限制性氨基酸回肠表观消化率变化范围依次为41.73%~60.19%、69.35%~76.90%、50.72%~61.37%和52.49%~68.14%;回肠标准消化率变化范围依次为48.65%~66.14%、73.85%~81.15%、57.42%~67.67%和57.10%~73.04%。总之,菜籽粕中绝大部分氨基酸回肠表观(标准)消化率显著高于菜籽饼。     

亮氨酸调节动物骨骼肌蛋白质分解的研究进展

随着对亮氨酸调节试验动物(如鼠)生理功能研究的深入,学者们发现,亮氨酸对于骨骼肌蛋白质沉积的影响不仅是其可以提高骨骼肌蛋白质的合成,还由于其可以减少骨骼肌蛋白质的分解,而这一过程中,亮氨酸对于骨骼肌细胞内蛋白质降解的多条途径都存在抑制作用。本文综述了亮氨酸对动物(如鼠)骨骼肌及其细胞内蛋白质分解的调节作用,并分析讨论了这一过程当中亮氨酸的相关作用机制。     

2010年新疆兽医系统实验室检测能力比对试验的探讨与建议

2010年9月下旬,由新疆维吾尔自治区动物卫生监督所(动物疫病预防控制中心)实验室牵头开展了全疆兽医系统实验室检测能力比对试验工作。三项比对试验复合率均在83%以上,实验室检测能力考核成绩较为理想,但还是存在实验室技能操作不规范与检验记录不完善等问题。     

狗牙根果岭的交播技术

主要介绍狗牙根果岭的交播技术 ,包括草种选择和配比、种子直播、交播前后的管理措施 ,并讨论了狗牙根果岭的春季过渡技术等。     

中日野桑蚕杂交后代线粒体的遗传初探

为了研究线粒体在中国野桑蚕和日本野桑蚕的杂交后代中的遗传规律,将经D IG-RFLP检测线粒体多态性不同的中国野桑蚕和日本野桑蚕进行杂交,用Southern杂交检测母本、父本、F1、BF1的线粒体多态性。结果表明,F1和BF1的线粒体多态性与母本相同,没有出现父本线粒体的信号。揭示了实验采用的中国野桑蚕和日本野桑蚕的线粒体遗传遵循母性遗传的规律。     

Effects of animal liver and bile extracts on biochemical values of rat ethanol‐induced fatty liver

The purposes of this study were to assess the improvement of fatty liver induced by ethanol with animal liver and bile extracts. This research aimed to increase the economic values of animal liver and bile extracts and used these to reduce damage of ethanol‐induced fatty liver. Extracts came from animal liver and bile, including pig bile powder, pig liver extract, a mixture of pig bile powder and pig liver extract, chicken bile powder, chicken liver extract, and a mixture of chicken bile powder and chicken liver extract, and these were fed to Long‐Evans rats. The results showed that rats fed ethanol for long terms could increase values of aspartate transaminase, cholesterol, γ‐glutamy‐transferase and alkaline phosphatase. Pig bile powder could decrease the values of aspartate transaminase, cholesterol and γ‐glutamy‐transferase. The significances also decreased on aspartate transaminase, γ‐glutamy‐transferase and aspartate transaminase, which were carried out with the pig liver extract treatment. These results suggest pig bile and liver extracts have high potential to improve rats' ethanol‐induced fatty liver with serum biochemical parameters.     

不同日粮组成下育成母羊饲喂效果及效益比较

为探讨饲喂苜蓿（Medicago sativa）干草、羊草（Leymus chinensis）和玉米（Zea mays）青贮与单纯饲喂玉米秸秆相比,对育成母羊增重、饲料转化效率和经济效益的影响。选取体重、年龄相近,健康的育成母羊20只,随机分成4组,每组5只,分别饲喂不同种类粗饲料日粮,精粗比为40：60。结果表明：与粗饲料单纯为玉米秸秆（100%）相比,苜蓿干草（50%）+羊草（50%）组日增重提高11.11%,饲料转化效率不明显,增收也不明显;苜蓿干草（33.3%）+玉米青贮（33.3%）+羊草（33.3%）组日增重可提高30.72%,饲料转化效率提高 18.16%,每天每只增收0.54 元;苜蓿干草（50%）+玉米青贮（50%）组日增重可提高83.01%,饲料转化效率提高 40.74%,每天每只增收可达1.91 元。表明,饲喂苜蓿干草（50%）+玉米青贮（50%）时,育成母羊增重、饲料转化效率、以及经济效益都能达到最好的状态。     

牛GV期卵母细胞冷冻保存后发育潜力的研究

二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、丙二醇(PROH)、乙二醇(EG)和甘油(GL)4种冷冻保护剂程序化冷冻牛GV期卵母细胞的结果表明,EG和PROH的保护效果比GL和DMSO好。4种不同冷冻方法冷冻保存牛GV期卵母细胞,比较解冻后卵母细胞的体外成熟率、受精后卵裂率。结果表明,在程序化冷冻法与细管玻璃化法(Straw)之间的差异不显著(P>0.05),在开放式拉管法(OPS)与毛细玻管法(GMP)之间的差异不显著(P>0.05);但OPS和GMP与程序化冷冻法和Straw之间的差异极显著(P<0.01)。玻璃化冷冻效果优于程序化冷冻。说明GMP和OPS玻璃化冷冻优于Straw玻璃化冷冻。说明可以采用GMP方法冷冻保存牛GV期卵母细胞。