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51.
Mohd Idrees Mohd Naeem Masidur Alam Tariq Aftab Nadeem Hashmi Mohd Masroor Akhtar Khan Moinuddin Lalit Varshney 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2011,10(8):1213-1221
Sodium alginate is a polysaccharide that is largely obtained from the brown algae (Sargassum sp.).It has been used as a wonderful growth promoting substance in its depolymerized form for various plants.The aim of this study was to find out the effects of various concentrations of γ-irradiated sodium alginate (ISA),viz.,deionized water (control,T0),20 (T1),40 (T2),60 (T3),80 (T4),and 100 ppm (T5) on the agricultural performance of Catharanthus roseus L.(Rosea) in terms of growth attributes,photosynthesis,physiological activities,and alkaloid production.The present work revealed that ISA applied as leaf-sprays at concentrations from 20 to 100 ppm might improve growth,photosynthesis,physiological activities,and alkaloid production in C.roseus L.significantly.Of the various ISA concentrations,80 ppm proved to be the best one compared to other concentrations applied. 相似文献
52.
Tosh Garg B. P. Mallikarjuna Mahendar Thudi Srinivasan Samineni Sarvjeet Singh J. S. Sandhu Livinder Kaur Inderjit Singh Asmita Sirari Ashwani K. Basandrai Daisy Basandrai Rajeev K. Varshney Pooran M. Gaur 《Euphytica》2018,214(3):45
Fusarium wilt (FW; caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris) and Ascochyta blight (AB; caused by Ascochyta rabiei) are two major biotic stresses that cause significant yield losses in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). In order to identify the genomic regions responsible for resistance to FW and AB, 188 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross JG 62 × ICCV 05530 were phenotyped for reaction to FW and AB under both controlled environment and field conditions. Significant variation in response to FW and AB was detected at all the locations. A genetic map comprising of 111 markers including 84 simple sequence repeats and 27 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci spanning 261.60 cM was constructed. Five quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were detected for resistance to FW with phenotypic variance explained from 6.63 to 31.55%. Of the five QTLs, three QTLs including a major QTL on CaLG02 and a minor QTL each on CaLG04 and CaLG06 were identified for resistance to race 1 of FW. For race 3, a major QTL each on CaLG02 and CaLG04 were identified. In the case of AB, one QTL for seedling resistance (SR) against ‘Hisar race’ and a minor QTL each for SR and adult plant resistance against isolate 8 of race 6 (3968) were identified. The QTLs and linked markers identified in this study can be utilized for enhancing the FW and AB resistance in elite cultivars using marker-assisted backcrossing. 相似文献
53.
54.
Kulbhushan Saxena Arbind K. Choudhary Rakesh K. Srivastava Abhishek Bohra Rachit K. Saxena Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(3):243-251
Pigeonpea breeding activities started about a century ago and for decades only late maturing cultivars dominated the global cultivation. Historically, no early maturing cultivar was available for a very long time and breeding of such varieties started in the third quarter of 20th century but at a low key. From these efforts, some pigeonpea varieties maturing in 90–150 days were bred. Information gathered from various sources revealed that the first few early maturing genotypes originated through spontaneous mutations in the late maturing field‐grown landraces. In other cases, transgressive segregation and induced mutations also produced early maturing varieties. At present, the high yielding early maturing cultivars are contributing significantly towards widening the adaption barriers and in the diversification of some age‐old cropping systems. In this paper, the authors, besides discussing the importance of early maturing cultivars in present agricultural systems, also summarize information related to the origin of primary sources of earliness. 相似文献
55.
Jean‐Claude Rubyogo Essegbemon Akpo Lucky Omoigui Gaur Pooran Sushil Kumar Chaturvedi Asnake Fikre Desmae Haile Ajeigbe Hakeem Emmanuel Monyo Stanley Nkalubo Berhanu Fenta Papias Binagwa Michael Kilango Magdalena Williams Omari Mponda David Okello Mekasha Chichaybelu Amos Miningou Joseph Bationo Dramane Sako Zoumana Kouyate Sory Diallo Richard Oteng‐Frimpong Julius Yirzagla Teryima Iorlamen Umar Garba Haruna Mohammed Chris Ojiewo Alpha Kamara Rajeev Varshney Shyam Narayan Nigam Pasupuleti Janila Hajisaheb Lalasab Nadaf Sylvia Kalemera 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):474-486
There are several hurdles to ensure sustainable seed production and consistent flow of improved legume varieties in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) and South Asia (SA). The unreliable demand, autogamous nature of most of the grain legumes, and slow variety replacement rate by smallholder farmers do not provide strong incentive for private seed companies to invest in legume seed business. Unless a well thought‐out and comprehensive approach to legume seed delivery is developed, current seed shortages will continue, eroding emerging market opportunities. The experiences reported here are collated through a 10‐year partnership project, the Tropical Legumes in SSA and SA. It fostered innovative public–private partnerships in joint testing of innovative market‐led seed systems, skills and knowledge enhancement, de‐risking private sector initiatives that introduced in new approaches and previously overlooked entities in technology delivery. As new public and private seed companies, individual seed entrepreneurs and farmer organizations emerged, the existing ones enhanced their capacities. This resulted in significant rise in production, availability and accessibility of various seed grades of newly improved and farmer demanded legume varieties in the target countries. 相似文献
56.
Molecular markers and their applications in wheat breeding 总被引:40,自引:0,他引:40
In recent years, considerable emphasis has been placed on the development of molecular markers to be used for a variety of objectives. This review attempts to give an account of different molecular markers—restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs), sequence-tagged sites (STS), DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellites (STMS)—currently available for genome mapping and for tagging different traits in wheat. Other markers, including microsatellite-primed polymerase chain reaction (MP-PCR), expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are also discussed. Recent information on synteny in cereal genomes, marker-assisted selection, marker validation and their relevance to cereal breeding in general and wheat breeding in particular are also examined. 相似文献
57.
Vivak Kumar Mahesh Kumar Gathala Yashpal S. Saharawat Chiter M. Parihar Rajeev Kumar Robin Kumar Mangi Lal Jat Arjun S. Jat Deep M. Mahala Lalit Kumar Hari S. Nayak Muli D. Parihar Vikas Rai Hemraj Jewlia Bhola R. Kuri 《Soil Use and Management》2019,35(2):303-313
Conservation agriculture (CA) based on best‐bet crop management practices may increase crop and water productivity, as well as conserve and sustain soil health and natural resources. In a 2‐year study, we assessed the effects of tillage and crop establishment (TCE) methods on productivity, profitability and soil physical properties in a rice–wheat (RW) system. The six TCE treatments were used to study the impact, which are puddled transplanted rice followed by conventionally tilled wheat (CTPR–CTW), direct‐seeded rice on the flat followed by zero‐till wheat (CTDSR–ZTW), zero‐till direct‐seeded rice with residue followed by zero‐till wheat with residue (ZTDSR+R–ZTW+R), transplanted rice after rotavator puddling followed by zero‐till wheat (RTTPR–ZTW), transplanted rice after rotavator puddling followed by rotary till wheat (RTTPR–RTW) and farmer practice rice–wheat (FP–RW). Result of the study revealed that mean rice yield was not significantly affected by different TCE methods. Wheat planted with ZTDSR+R–ZTW+R gave 30% larger grain yield than FP‐RW. Overall, among all the TCE treatments, the RW system yields and net returns were maximum under ZTDSR+R–ZTW+R. The fastest mean infiltration rate (0.10 cm hr–1) was registered in ZTDSR+R–ZTW+R plots, whereas the slowest was in FP‐RW plots (0.05 cm hr–1). Bulk density at 15–20 cm soil depth was least in ZTDSR+R–ZTW+R (1.70 Mg m–3) and greatest in FP‐RW (1.73 Mg m–3). Results from this study revealed that conventionally tilled (CT) and transplanting of rice could be successfully replaced by adoption of the profitable double ZT–RW system. 相似文献
58.
Geeta Tewari Lalit M. Tewari Prakash Chandra Srivastava Bali Ram 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(4):415-427
In a laboratory incubation study, the periodic changes in different chemical fractions of copper (Cu) in three sludge-amended soil types (acidic sandy clay loam, neutral clay loam and alkaline clay loam) of varying soil reaction were monitored under field capacity and flooding moisture regime over 16 months. The water soluble and exchangeable fraction of Cu was very low (≤1% of total Cu) in all three soil types. At the end of incubation (16 months), the sodium acetate extractable (carbonate sorbed)- and residual-Cu fractions transformed into Fe-Mn oxide fraction, irrespective of moisture regime in all three soil types. However, the extent of transformation varied among soils. 相似文献
59.
Anushri Varshney Mahaveer P. Sharma Alok Adholeya Vibha Dhawan P. S. Srivastava 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):258-263
SummaryThe effect of three arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inocula at four available levels of phosphorus (8.41, 12.53, 13.63 and 14.6 ppm) in non-disinfected soil was studied on the growth, flowering, P uptake and root colonization in micropropagated bulblets of Lilium sp. (Asiatic hybrid ‘Gran Paradiso’). The inoculated bulblets fared significantly better than the uninoculated ones in terms of all the growth variables, namely size, weight, shoot length, number of leaves and leaf area, and in P uptake. However, bulblets inoculated with different AM inocula had optimum growth at different P levels. Bulblets inoculated with indigenous mixed vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza species (VAM I) and Glomus intraradices isolate 2 (VAM III) showed the best growth and early flowering at available soil P of 13.6 ppm, whereas those inoculated with Glomus intraradices isolate 1 (VAM II) showed higher growth at 2.5 ppm available soil P. Amongst the three tested inocula, VAM I promoted maximum shoot length, bulblet size, and weight at 13.6 ppm P. The bulblets under this treatment also flowered earlier, nearly a month before the uninoculated control ones. 相似文献
60.
Khaled F. M. Salem Rajeev K. Varshney Marion S. Röder Andreas Börner 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2010,57(4):515-521
Genetic diversity was investigated in a set of 27 barley genotypes, originated from Egypt, using 23 expressed sequence tag
(EST)-derived simple sequence repeats (eSSRs), representatives of the seven barley chromosomes. Ninety-five alleles were detected
among all the barley accessions. For 22 polymorphic eSSRs, the number of alleles per locus varied from 2 to 12, with a mean
of 4.318 alleles per locus. The lowest and the largest number of alleles per locus among the seven homeologous groups was
observed in homeologous group 5H and 4H with 3.00 and 6.33, respectively. The gene diversity increased as the number of alleles
increased. Gene diversity for 22 ESTs loci varied from 0.137 for GBM1404 to 0.896 for GBM1015 with an average of 0.563. A
significant correlation coefficient between gene diversity and the number of alleles was high, r = 0.741 (P < 0.01). Cluster analysis was conducted based on eSSRs data to group the barley genotypes and to construct a dendrogram.
Four groups can be distinguished by truncating the dendrogram at gs value of 0.77. 相似文献