Periodical characteristics of baseflow in the source region of the Yangtze River

Baseflow,which represents the drainage of groundwater aquifers,is an essential component of runoff in hydrological basins.In the source region of the Yangtze River,the change of baseflow typically reflects the interactions between groundwater system and climatic factors in cold and arid areas.With modified Kalinen separation method,annual baseflow between 1957 and 2009 in this region was estimated and calculated.In comparison with the inner-annual variations of total streamflow,baseflow showed a weaker fluctuation.Before the 1980s,it was in a steady state;and after then,it demonstrated dramatic variations and large amplitudes.Based on the calculation results of baseflow,the real Morlet wavelet method was applied to reveal the periodical characteristics of baseflow as well as the precipitation and air temperature in the study area.It was found that annual baseflow has a 43-year trend as well as a 21-year period and a 7-year period.The 21-year period is most significant,with its wavelet coefficient having the largest fluctuation and amplitude.Summation of wavelet coefficients on these periods exhibits a similar change pattern with respect to that of annual baseflow.The summation curve takes a"W"shape,which means that the baseflow follows a four-stage sequence of descending–ascending–descending–ascending.As analyzed,the relationship among baseflow,precipitation and temperature is implied in the correlation between their normalized wavelet coefficients at different temporal scales.By the significant positive linear correlations both between precipitation and baseflow(correlation coefficient is 0.98)and between temperature and baseflow(correlation coefficient is 0.90)for the 43-year wavelet coefficients,it is suggested that the long-term increasing trends of precipitation and air temperature will lead to an increasing trend of baseflow.For wavelet coefficients of 21-year and 7-year periods,the positive linear correlation between precipitation and baseflow is significant.However,the correlation between air temperature and baseflow is not so evident,especially for the 21-year period.As a conclusion, correlation analysis with normalized wavelet coefficients showed that the change of annual baseflow was contributed mostly by the change of precipitation and secondly by the change of temperature.     

东莞市"绿韵"生态园区生物变化调查

东莞市"绿韵"生态园区经过近4年的建设,植物种类从原来的175种上升到263种,各类品种资源丰富,布局合理;鸟类、蛙类、蜘蛛、蛇类等野生动物日渐增多,有害昆虫种类数从原来的41种降到36种,主要害虫的种群密度在下降,有益昆虫种类数从原来的8种上升到14种,大多数有益昆虫的种群密度在上升;作物病害的种类数从原来的55种下降到34种,一些主要作物病害发病率在下降。     

基于AHP法的信阳毛尖茶内销影响因素研究

信阳毛尖是中国传统历史名茶,近十年来其销售规模扩大了3倍、公用品牌价值增长了66.37％,是茶叶区域公用品牌发展较快的典型案例.本文通过实地调研与问卷调查的方式,基于AHP法对信阳毛尖茶内销影响因素的准则层、指标层进行分析,结果显示对信阳毛尖茶内销影响的主次因素分别是消费者个人可支配收入、茶叶原产地与口感、信阳毛尖茶品...     

超声波预处理对全株青贮玉米品质的影响

为研究超声波预处理对全株青贮玉米品质的影响,设置空白对照组、超声处理组(5、10、15、20、25 min)和乳酸菌对照组进行青贮玉米品质研究.结果表明:15 min和20 min超声处理后,全株玉米青贮饲料感官评定属于优良级.与对照组相比,超声处理后饲料的pH和氨氮比分别降低7.71％和7.82％,乳酸和乙酸含量分别...     

云南省新城疫病毒分离株F基因和HN基因克隆与序列分析

为了确定云南NDV毒株F基因和HN基因的结构特征及其与已知毒株的遗传相关性,应用RT-PCR技术对云南省部分地州养殖场采集的鸡或鸭喉气管组织样品4 700份进行新城疫病毒(NDV)检测,共检出阳性样品25份。对其中8份阳性样品进行NDV F基因与HN基因扩增后,克隆至pMD18-T载体测序,并与国内外代表性毒株和当前流行疫苗毒株进行比对及系统发育分析。结果表明,云南省NDV毒株F基因与国内代表性毒株核苷酸序列同源性介于93.0%～99.2%之间,氨基酸同源性介于90.7%～99.1%之间;与疫苗毒株的核苷酸同源性在83.3%～86.9%之间,氨基酸同源性在86.0%～88.7%之间。HN基因与国内代表性毒株核苷酸同源性介于96.4%～99.1%之间,氨基酸同源性介于95.6%～99.3%之间;而与当前疫苗毒株相比,同源性较低,核苷酸同源性介于81.3%～82.0%之间,氨基酸同源性介于87.6%～88.8%之间。系统进化分析表明,云南NDV F基因有2株属于基因Ⅱ型,其余6株均属于基因Ⅶe型。云南NDV HN基因则均属于基因Ⅶ型。     

奶牛亚临床酮病检测

本研究采用试纸条法、紫外分光光度法和酮粉法检测奶牛亚临床酮病,结果表明：以紫外分光光度法定量检测结果为诊断标准,试纸条法具有较高的敏感性和特异性,分别为69％和94％,酮粉法的检测敏感性和特异性较低,分别为56％和90％.     

S2基因失活突变马传染性贫血病毒感染性克隆的构建及感染性研究

为研制马传染性贫血病毒(EIAV)标记疫苗株,本研究在EIAV驴胎皮肤(FDD)细胞弱毒疫苗株感染性克隆pEIAVFDDV3-8的S2基因内部引入两个终止密码子,致使S2基因终止表达,构建了一株S2基因突变的感染性克隆pEIAVFDDV3-8△S2。用该重组质粒转染FDD细胞,盲传至第4代时,转染细胞病变明显,电镜下可见细胞内的典型病毒颗粒。反转录酶活性检测和Real-time PCR对病毒拷贝数的检测均证明,获得了EIAVS2基因终止表达的感染性克隆毒株,命名为EIAVFDDV3-8△S2。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫G6-PI基因的克隆、序列分析与原核表达

为研究柔嫩艾美耳球虫(Eimeria tenella)葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(glucose-6-phosphate isomerase,G6-PI)的生化特性,本研究对其基因进行了克隆和原核表达。根据NCBI已公布的E.tenella Houghton株G6-PI的基因序列(GI:298161921)设计特异性引物,运用RT-PCR方法扩增EtG6-PI基因序列,并将其克隆到表达载体pColdI、pCold43a中,构建重组质粒pColdIEtG6-PI、pCold43a-EtG6-PI,经测序鉴定正确后,将其转化感受态细胞E.coli Rosetta(DE3),并进行IPTG诱导表达。结果表明,E.tenella G6-PI的ORF序列(1650 bp),编码550个氨基酸;重组菌pColdI-EtG6-PI、pCold43a-EtG6-PI均能成功诱导表达,其中pCold43a-EtG6-PI表达部分可溶性蛋白,表达产物纯化后可用于酶生化特性分析。柔嫩艾美耳球虫G6-PI基因的成功克隆表达为该酶的功能研究奠定了基础。     

H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA和NA基因双重RT-PCR定型检测方法的建立与应用

为了建立适用于临床诊断的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒快速检测方法,本研究根据GenBank已登录的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA和NA基因序列设计RT-PCR扩增引物,以H1N1亚型猪流感病毒、H3N2亚型猪流感病毒、猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒为试验对照,通过优化RT-PCR反应条件和反应体系,建立了H1N1亚型猪流感病毒HA和NA基因双重RT-PCR定型检测方法。同时,运用H1N1亚型猪流感病毒血凝和血凝抑制试验方法和本研究建立的方法对165份猪病料样品进行了对比验证。结果表明,本研究建立的H1N1亚型猪流感病毒双重RT-PCR具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性,所扩增的目的基因片段大小分别为428 bp和678 bp左右,可检出最小基因组RNA浓度为2.9×10-5μg/μL。本研究建立的方法和H1N1亚型猪流感病毒血凝和血凝抑制试验方法均从同一份猪肺脏样品中检测出H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,其余样品中均未检出H1N1亚型猪流感病毒,两种方法符合率为100%。本研究建立的方法适用于H1N1亚型猪流感病毒双基因定型检测,可在H1N1亚型猪流感病毒流行病学调查和临床诊断中应用。