八倍体小偃麦中5的利用

观察比较了八倍体小偃麦中5与利用该材料育成的中梁22号等小麦品种的性状表现.结果表明:中5在株高和生育期方面的缺陷在其后代得到很好的改良;利用中5能够选育出产量性状较好的小麦品种;中5对条锈病和白粉病的抗性遗传能力较强,特别是抗锈性的遗传稳定持久,是难得的抗源材料.同时指出了中5利用中存在植株较高,抗倒伏性差;分离世代较长;生育期长,花期不遇;后代不育,结实性差等问题及其解决的途径.     

Preparation of Adjuvant Diluent for Live Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever and Evaluation of its Immune Effects

The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as adjuvant diluents (AD) for live vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) that could effectively enhance the immune effect of vaccine.The AD was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique.Formulations and preparation parameters were optimized with response surface design.Its stability, particle size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential were characterized.The humoral immune response and cellular immune response of the AD were evaluated with BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The particle size of the AD prepared by optimized formulation and parameters was 100.4 nm, PDI was 0.147, and Zeta potential was —28.7 mV.The experiment results showed that the AD had good stability.The AD was inoculated combined with live vaccine against CSF into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The results showed that the live vaccine against CSF specific immune responses could be evoked in mice by co-inoculation with AD and vaccine.The cellular immune response levels in co-inoculated groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with obvious phenomena of higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-4 in serum.The result revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved with the AD.The results strongly revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved by introducing AD for effective immune-adjuvant for live vaccine against CSF.     

30日龄青龙斑形态性状对体质量影响的通径分析

随机选取30日龄青龙斑(斜带石斑鱼♀×鞍带石斑鱼♂)212尾,分别对体长(X1)、头长(X2)、头高(X3)、体高(X4)、体宽(X5)、眼间距(X6)、眼径(X7)、尾柄高(X8)和体质量(Y)等9个性状进行测定,采用相关分析、通径分析及多元回归分析,分析了30日龄青龙斑外部形态性状(X)对体质量(Y)的影响。结果表明,30日龄青龙斑各形态性状与体质量均相关极显著,体长(X1)、体高(X4)、体宽(X5)和尾柄高(X8)4个形态性状对体质量的通径系数达到极显著水平;所有形态性状中,唯有体长(X1)对体质量(Y)的直接影响大于间接影响。说明体长(X1)对体质量(Y)的直接影响最大,体高(X4)次之,之后是体宽(X5)和尾柄高(X8),其余形态性状对体质量(Y)的直接影响都很小,主要是通过前4个形态性状间接影响体质量;决定程度分析结果与通径分析一致。除去与体质量偏回归系数不显著的形态性状,建立体长(X1)、体高(X4)、体宽(X5)、尾柄高(X8)与体质量(Y)的多元回归方程,以上形态性状对体质量影响效果相关数据的获得为青龙斑苗种选购提供了理论依据。     

7个杂交黑麦草品种在云南不同气候带的产量比较试验

通过对7个杂交黑麦草品种在云南4个不同气候带的相对干物质产量以及各气候带杂交黑麦草与其亲本一年生黑麦草和多年生黑麦草各品种的平均产量比较分析,结果表明,杂交黑麦草的干物质产量介于其亲本之间,在云南及相似地区推广种植的优良杂交黑麦草品种为奥格斯塔杂交黑麦草。     

浙江省供水水库的水质评价及富营养化防治对策研究

对浙江省125座水库进行水质监测与富营养化评价,并对15座水库进行趋势分析。结果表明,89.6%的水库符合集中式生活饮用水地表水源地水质的要求,84.9%的水库属贫-中营养类型;15座水库的总磷、总氮上升趋势明显,供水水质呈变差趋势;提出了防治措施。     

用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水体中32种药物

建立了采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定水中32种药物的方法,即:水样经稀硫酸酸化至pH 2.0,上样体积为500 mL,经HLB固相萃取小柱富集净化,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定,ESI正负离子同时扫描,以多反应监测(MRM)方式采集数据,外标法定量。各药物的平均加标回收率为61.4%~116.0%,RSD为0.7%~17.3%,检出限为0.4~2.9 ng/L。     

微量元素锌在动物生产中应用研究新进展

Zinc as a microelement is essential for animal body,the author reviewed recent research progress on application of zinc in animal production at home and abroad,combined with the zinc distribution and existing form in animal body,summarized the biological function of zinc and its application in animal production,respectively. The paper not only provided a basis for better utilization of zinc and its mechanism in animal production,but also put forward the problems and prospect of zinc in animal husbandry.     

四氯乙烯和镉联合胁迫对草鱼SOD和POD活性影响

为了考察超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)是否可以作为四氯乙烯(PCE)和镉(Cd2+)联合污染生物指标,采用静水生物测试法,研究了PCE和Cd2+联合胁迫对草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)肝胰脏、肾脏和鳃组织SOD以及肝胰脏、肾脏POD的影响。结果表明:(1)PCE和Cd2+复合污染胁迫时,草鱼肝胰脏SOD随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,且最高浓度组始终低于对照;(2)肾脏SOD在所有暴露浓度组随着时间变化呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,除最低浓度组在120 h显著高于对照外,其他均显著低于对照;(3)鳃组织SOD也呈现"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但始终低于对照;(4)高浓度组(1/4TU和1/2TU)草鱼肝胰脏和肾脏POD活性随着暴露时间变化呈"降低-升高-降低"的变化趋势,但肝胰脏和肾脏的POD活性始终显著低于对照(P0.05);(5)草鱼鳃组织SOD活性明显低于肝胰脏和肾脏。PCE和Cd2+分别破坏了酶的蛋白结构和诱导了鱼体细胞膜的脂质过氧化,二者联合污染比单一污染加剧了草鱼的毒性效应。     

饵料结构对河蟹养殖池塘氮、磷收支和污染强度的影响

通过调查走访和实验分析,比较了3种投饵结构下河蟹(Eriocheir sinesis)养殖池塘在氮、磷收支和实际污染强度方面的差异。1种饵料结构以冰鲜鱼为主,另2种含配合饲料,按照配合饲料使用量不同,分为低于1000kg/hm2组和高于1000kg/hm2组。结果显示,以冰鲜鱼为主的养殖池塘氮收支方程为:苗种3.02kg(1.10%)+饵料272.18kg(98.90%)=渔获物31.92kg(11.60%)+伊乐藻136.18kg(49.48%)+底泥沉积79.53kg(28.90%)+尾水排放27.57kg(10.02%),磷收支方程为:苗种0.26kg(0.42%)+饵料61.02kg(99.58%)=渔获物1.49kg(2.43%)+伊乐藻15.01kg(24.49%)+底泥沉积41.94kg(68.44%)+尾水排放2.84kg(4.63%);配合饲料使用量低于1000kg/hm2的养殖池塘氮收支方程为:苗种4.49kg(2.74%)+饵料159.09kg(97.26%)=渔获物45.55kg(27.85%)+伊乐藻136.18kg(83.25%)+底泥沉积-39.26kg(-24.00%)+尾水排...     

坡缕石种薯包衣剂对马铃薯产量及品质的影响

采用单因素随机区组设计研究了纯坡缕石包衣和复合坡缕石包衣对马铃薯生长及品质的影响.结果表明:坡缕石包衣可显著提高马铃薯出苗率,复合坡缕石包衣处理效果优于纯坡缕石包衣处理;坡缕石包衣可促进植株生长,纯坡缕石包衣处理的株高大于复合坡缕石包衣处理;此外,坡缕石包衣处理还有助于提高马铃薯产量和商品率,提高马铃薯的干物质和淀粉含量,降低还原糖含量.