基于无人机遥感的湿地松花青素含量预测

[目的]花青素是植物叶片中的第三大色素,功能多样,抗氧化性较强,不仅有助于叶片损伤修复,而且可以通过吸收光能而减少叶绿素对光的吸收,调节光合作用,从而起到光保护的作用.因此,了解花青素含量的动态信息,可以间接了解植物的营养健康状况,为植物培育管理提供一种可靠的参考指标.湿地松(Pinus elliottii)作为我国重要的造林树种,适时测定湿地松针叶中花青素含量对于了解湿地松生长生理状态具有重要的意义.提出一种用无人机遥感技术反演湿地松叶片花青素含量的方法.为利用多光谱无人机选择湿地松试验林中高花青素含量资源提供技术基础.[方法]以湿地松苗为试验对象,利用便携式紫外-可见光荧光仪获取湿地松冠层叶片的花青素含量实测值以及利用多光谱无人机同步获取湿地松冠层叶片的多光谱反射率.选取了5个光谱值(RED、GREEN、BLUE、NIR、REG)以及与湿地松花青素含量关系较密切的植被指数GNDVI、LCI、NDRE、NDVI、OSAVI、R/G、MACI、ARI和MARI共9种.对14种光谱指数进行不同的数据处理后分别基于偏最小二乘、支持向量机、BP神经网络方法建立花青素含量的预测模型,并分别验证,比较选出最优建模方法和预测模型.[结果]比较经5种数据预处理方法(Original(OG)、Standard Normal Variate(SNV)、blockScale(BS)、blockNorm(BN)、Detrend(DET))和5种重要变量选择方法(不处理、遗传算法与PLS回归相结合(ga_pls)、逆向变量消除(bve_pls)、正则化消除(rep_pls)、显著多元相关算法(smc))组合处理后,发现数据经过去趋势化处理和逆向变量消除处理后,基于支持向量机建立的模型为最优建模方法,此模型对湿地松冠层花青素含量预测可以达到最佳效果,验证集决定系数R2为0.61,均方根误差RMSE为1.34％.[结论]基于无人机多光谱技术,去趋势化处理和逆向变量消除处理与支持向量机相结合的建模方法可实现对湿地松冠层花青素含量的预测.     

晚播对不同基因型小麦花药培养中绿苗诱导率的影响

为了探讨提高小麦花药离体培养中绿苗诱导率的途径,本研究将66份小麦杂交组合材料分成花培组合、常规组合、复交组合3种不同的基因型组合,将其播种期推迟24 d,在小麦抽穗期取其花药进行室内愈伤组织诱导和绿苗分化培养。结果表明,经过晚播处理的小麦花培组合、常规组合、复交组合的绿苗诱导率分别为2.6％、1.5％、1.2％,分别比对照（正常播种期）提高1.8、1.0、0.6个百分点;愈伤诱导率分别为10.7％、9.1％、7.7％,分别比对照提高3.8、－2.8、－5.4个百分点。     

石磺生殖系统的组织学研究

石磺是雌雄同体肺螺亚纲贝类.通过石蜡切片技术与苏木精-伊红染色的组织学方法系统地研究了石磺生殖系统的组成,其生殖系统包括交媾器、生殖器本部和生殖沟3部分.交媾器由阴茎、恋矢、恋矢囊、两性生殖孔、雄性生殖孔、雄性附属腺组成;生殖器本部包括两性生殖腺、卵黄腺、蛋白腺、支囊、受精囊.阴茎和恋矢都具有非常发达的肌肉组织,腔内有丰富的多边形石榴籽状细胞紧密堆积.不同地理种群之间其雄性生殖孔的位置与数量存在差异,可作为分类的依据.两性生殖腺内生殖细胞各自由不同的滤泡生成,精卵共存现象很普遍.卵黄腺由白色脂肪细胞组成,HE染色有空泡.蛋白腺内腺泡及腺泡分泌物组成花瓣形结构,这种结构在腺体内大量存在.支囊是两性管的分支,一端为盲端,其内存储有大量的精子,是体内精子的储存地点.受精囊内有卵子、精子、受精卵、卵带同时存在,也有分别存在的现象.     

寒冷地区温室型犊牛舍温热环境研究

为研究低温条件下温室型犊牛舍内的环境状况,研究分析了舍外平均气温为（-10±1）℃、（-15±1）和（-20±1）℃条件下,温室型犊牛舍的空气温度、相对湿度、气流速度和有害气体等指标。结果表明,当外界平均气温为（-10±1）、（-15±1）和（-20±1）℃时,犊牛舍内平均气温分别为6.7℃、2.1℃和-0.6℃,平均相对湿度分别为64.1%、59.5%和75.2%,气流速度分别为0.05m/s、0.04m/s和0.04m/s,CO2浓度分别为2434mg/m3、2512mg/m3和2528mg/m3,而犊牛舍空气中未检测出H2S和NH3。结果说明,在外界平均气温-20℃以上的天气条件下,保温良好、换气充分的温室型犊牛舍,其舍内的温热环境和空气质量环境完全可以满足哺乳犊牛需要。     

Expression and function of calcium-sensing receptor in mouse embryonic stem cells

AIM: To observe the functional expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in the mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). METHODS: The expression and distribution of CaSR were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence observation in 129 mouse ES-D3 cells. The intracellular concentration of free calcium (［Ca2+］i) was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The cell viability was analyzed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS: CaSR protein was expressed in mESCs. Extracellular calcium or neomycin significantly increased the expression of CaSR and ［Ca2+］i. Neomycin increased the cell viability, up-regulated the protein expression of p-ERK2. These effects of neomycin were inhibited by NPS2390. CONCLUSION: CaSR is expressed in mESCs. The activation of CaSR is involved in the proliferation of mESCs.     

Long non-coding RNA and diabetes mellitus

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of RNAs, which are longer than 200 nucleotides without containing functional open reading frame and cannot encode protein. The study of lncRNA will help to understand the multi-level expression regulatory network of the body, and is expected to provide the basis of prediction, diagnosis and treatment of complex diseases. Although the functions and mechanism of lncRNA remain unclear, some studies indicate that lncRNA is involved in the development of diabetes mellitus, and those lncRNAs may be new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.     

RASSF1A expression mediated by lentivirus inhibits growth of small-cell lung cancer cell line H446

AIM：To explore the inhibitory effect of Ras-association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) on the small-cell lung cancer cell growth. METHODS：The lentiviral expression vector containing RASSF1A gene was constructed and used to infect the small-cell lung cell line H446. The growth curve and cell cycle were detected by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein levels of cell cycle-associated proteins were determined by real-time PCR and Western blotting. RESULTS：We obtained the H446 cells in which RASSF1A was stably expressed (named RASSF1A-H446). Compared with normal cell group and negative cell group, RASSF1A inhibited the proliferation of H446 cells, and arrested H446 cells in G1 phase. The expression of p21 and p27 was significantly increased, and E2F1 was significantly decreased in RASSF1A-H446 cells. CONCLUSION：RASSF1A inhibits the H446 cell growth by increasing the expressions of p21 and p27, and decreasing the expression of E2F1.     

蔬菜废弃有机物无害化处理及再利用技术研究

以丝瓜藤为腐熟原料,通过添加EM菌剂和秸秆腐熟剂进行腐熟试验,研究腐熟剂处理后腐熟物的无害化处理以及肥料化再利用技术。结果表明:腐熟剂处理后的废弃有机物表观性状、温度、pH值可达到无害化处理的标准;还田后可提高土壤肥力和改善土壤结构,为废弃物的资源转化提供了有效途径。     

关于农业面源污染治理的实践与思考——以云和县治水为例

总结云和县农业面源污染治理的成效与做法,分析存在的问题,并提出进一步推进农业面源污染治理的建议。     

107杨不同插穗的育苗试验

正黑杨派无性系在世界发达国家的杨木生产中占有重要经济地位,特别是欧美杨无性系具有较强的杂种优势,表现出早期速生、无性繁殖容易、适应性强等特点,适宜于无性系育种。经长期引种实践和栽植历史证明,其适生于我国大部分平原地区,成为