盐霉素在肉鸡组织中残留消除规律研究

选择250只1日龄"AA"肉鸡,每1 kg饲料中添加70 mg的盐霉素钠,自由采食,混饲至42日龄停药.停药0 h,肉鸡胸肌、肝脏、脂肪和肾脏中盐霉素含量分别为97.17、371.43、154.4和50.33μg/kg,休药48 h后,肉鸡组织中未检出盐霉素,证明国家规定的5 d休药期是合理的.     

四种硬蜱的实验室人工饲养和部分生物学特性的观察

为了给蜱及蜱传疾病研究提供充足、有效的实验材料，我们对镰形扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus haemphysa loides haentaphysaloides)、亚洲璃眼蜱(Hyalomma asiaticum asiaticum)、微小牛蜱(Boophilus microplus)和嗜群血蜱(Haemaphysalis concinna)进行了实验室人工饲养。在25℃，92％相对湿度，黑暗条件下．以兔为唯一饲血动物，四种硬蜱均可完成整个生活史的发育。镰形扇头蜱完成一代需86一l20天，亚洲璃眼蜱需l04一l47天，微小牛蜱需50一74天，嗜群血蜱需88一l25天。通过实验室人工饲养，成功进行了单雌蜱蜱群的繁殖。除微小牛蜱外，其他三种蜱均可进行大量增殖。     

Two-dimension Opto-electronic Test Method to Determine the Cancellous Bone Porosity

A two dimension opto electronic test method has been developed to determine the distribution characteristics of cancellous bone porosity. The fresh pig tibiae concellous bone in behind leg was sectioned. A total of 36 cancellous bone sections were divided two groups. The first group consisted of 18 transversal sections along the axial direction, and the second group consisted of 18 axial sections along the transversal direction of the tibiae. Their images were examined microscopically and processed quantitatively. The total area, solid matrix area and pore area of each specimen and its porosity were determined, too. The cancellous bone porosity is gradually decreased along the axial direction of tibiae and approaching to the compact bone, but almost constant along the transversal direction. Cancellous bone is modeled as a transversely isotropic, liquid saturated porous solid. The two dimension opto electronic test method can be used to relatively accurately determine the distribution characteristics of the cancellous bone porosity from different directions if the cancellous bone sections are enough.     

温室葡萄一年两熟果实品质差异研究

北方葡萄一年两熟技术是将促早栽培技术与延迟栽培技术有机结合的综合栽培方式,实现了葡萄第一熟在5—7月,第二熟在元旦、春节期间。通过对‘京香玉’‘瑞都科美’的物候期、果实性状与经济效益的调查分析认为,这两个品种适宜在温室内进行一年两熟栽培,但不同品种间在物候期、果实性状与产量方面差异较大,造成这种差异主要与光照和温度的变化有关。     

Effect of hypothalamic PVN exogenous orexin-A on food intake in obese rats and regulation by NPY receptor signaling pathway

AIM:To investigate whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptor signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of orexin-A on food intake and glucose-sensitive (GS) neuronal excitability in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of diet-induced obese (DIO) rats. METHODS:Fluorescence immunohistochemistry experiment was used to observe the expression of orexin-A receptor (orexin receptor 1, OX1R) and NPY receptor Y5 (NPY-5R) in the PVN. The effect of orexin-A on the excitability of GS neurons in PVN was observed by single cell discharge recording. The cannula was implanted into the PVN of SD rats and DIO rats. The orexin-A, OX1R antagonist SB-334867 and NPY-5R antagonist CGP-71683 were injected through the cannula to observe the 0~2 h and 0~4 h food intake of the rats. RESULTS:The expression of OX1R and NPY-5R in the PVN of DIO rats was significantly higher than that in the SD rats. Orexin-A inhibited glucose-inhibited (GI) neurons and excited glucose-excited (GE) neurons in the PVN. However, the effects of orexin-A on GS neurons were partially blocked by the NPY-5R antagonist CGP-71683. Compared with the SD rats, orexin-A had more pronounced excitatory and inhibitory effects on PVN GS neurons in the DIO rats. Injection of orexin-A in the PVN increased food intake in the SD rats and DIO rats. However, the orexin-A-induced feeding was partially blocked by the NPY-5R antagonist CGP-71683. The effect of orexin-A on feeding was stronger in the DIO rats than that in the SD rats. CONCLUSION:The hypothalamic PVN orexin-A regulates food intake and GS neuronal excitability mainly through the OX1R signaling pathway, and NPY-5R signaling is also involved in this process, in which the regulatory effect on DIO rats is more sensitive.     

日光温室内黄瓜群体结构参数分析

日光温室由于其特殊的光环境,黄瓜群体结构也具一定的特殊性,试验观测了日光温室内南北部的光环境及黄瓜不同生育时期的群体结构参数.结果表明:日光温室内南部的辐射强度明显高于北部,黄瓜的叶倾角、叶方位角、叶面积指数、叶面积密度等黄瓜群体结构因素在不同时期有明显的变化.植株南面叶片的叶倾角大于植株北面叶片的叶倾角.在整个生育期黄瓜以30°～40°叶倾角的叶片为分布主体.植株南面方位角分布频率也高于植株北面的方位角分布频率.叶面积指数和叶面积密度在生育前期上升,后期下降,这些变化与差异对黄瓜群体内的辐射分布有重要影响,所以此结果为探讨日光温室内的黄瓜群体结构与群体内辐射分布的关系和建立群体内辐射分布的数学模型奠定了基础.     

三种不同多糖对枯草芽孢杆菌增殖情况的影响

从大尾寒羊粪便中分离纯化枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis),绘制生长曲线。在LB液体培养基中添加5、10、15、20、25、30、40mg/mL和50mg/mL的香蕉和山楂多糖溶液,以及0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、4.0mg/mL和5.0mg/mL的菊糖溶液,经高温灭菌后,将提前制备好的枯草芽孢杆菌种子液以5%的接种量接种在LB培养基中,摇床(37℃、150r/min)培养3、4、5、6、7、8、9h和10h时测量其OD值。结果表明:添加量为50mg/mL的香蕉多糖、25mg/mL的山楂多糖和2.5mg/mL的菊糖对枯草芽孢杆菌的增殖效果较好,且50mg/mL的山楂多糖对枯草芽孢杆菌增殖性能的影响效果最好。     

菠萝AcSERK1 启动子的转录起始位点及胚性细#br# 胞特异性鉴定

 AcSERK1 是菠萝（Ananas comosus）体细胞胚发生初期特异表达的基因,为探讨其转录调控 规律,对其5′上游调控序列的转录起始位点及启动特性进行了鉴定。采用hiTAIL-PCR 技术从菠萝基因组 DNA 中克隆了AcSERK1 完整的5′上游调控序列,利用5′RACE 技术鉴定出其转录起始位点位于起始密码 子（ATG）上游258 nt（G）处。以AcSERK1 5′上游完整调控序列取代pBI121 中的CaMV 35S 启动子,构 建植物表达载体AcSERK1（–2 090/+258）︰︰GUS,并在菠萝不同组织器官中进行瞬时转化分析,发现AcSERK1 5′上游完整的调控序列（–2 090/+258）能够启动GUS 在胚性细胞中特异性表达,与AcSERK1 表达规律相 同,说明该启动子为胚性细胞特异性启动子,对调控外源基因在体细胞胚早期特异表达有重要意义。     

Effect of livin-modified BM-MSCs transplantation on cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction in a rat model

AIM: To study the effect of livin gene-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs) transplantation on the cardiac function following acute myocardial infarction in a rat model and the expression of livin, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 in the livin gene-modified BM-MSCs. METHODS: The MSCs were obtained by the whole bone marrow culture method, and the apoptosis of the MSCs after infection with adenovirus vector carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) gene and livin recombinant vector(rAd-livin) were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of livin, caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 was detected by Western blot. After permanent left anterior descending artery occlusion, the rats were randomized to receive intramyocardial injection of DMEM without cells(vehicle group), or containing MSCs(MSCs group), MSCs(EGFP)(rAd-control/MSCs group) or MSCs(livin)(rAd-livin/MSCs group). Left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP), the maximum increased rate of left ventricular pressure(-dp/dt_max) and the maximum decline rate of left ventricular pressure(+dp/dt_max) were recorded for evaluating the cardiac functions. RESULTS: The apoptosis of rAd-livin/MSCs was significantly decreased as compared with MSCs and rAd-control/MSCs(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the expression of caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 was significantly downregulated as compared with the other 2 groups(P<0.05). The cardiac function in rAd-livin/MSCs group was significantly improved as compared with DMEM group, and those in the other 2 groups got the similar results, but the function in rAd-livin/MSCs group was better improved. Meanwhile, the number of surviving cells in rAd-livin/MSCs group was significantly improved as compared with the other 2 groups. CONCLUSION: The apoptosis of MSCs is decreased after rAd-livin transfection, and the expression of caspase-3, caspase-7 and caspase-9 is also significantly downregulated while the expression of livin is significantly upregulated. Transplantation of livin-modified BM-MSCs by lentiviral vector results in better prognosis for treating myocardial infarction by enhancing cell survival.