沙冬青AmCSDP基因特性及转基因烟草的抗寒性分析

冷休克结构域蛋白(CSPs)是含有不同数量冷休克结构域(cold shock domain,CSD)的低温响应蛋白,在低温胁迫中发挥重要作用。以沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)为材料,克隆得到了冷休克结构域蛋白基因AmCSDP。生物信息学分析显示AmCSDP(Gen Bank登录号:KX756575)全长540bp,编码180个氨基酸,二级结构由8.9%的α–螺旋、47.8%的β–折叠和43.3%的无规则卷曲组成,其N端含有冷休克结构域。进化分析表明沙冬青与花生同源性最高。构建了AmCSDP真核表达载体Pcambia2300-35S-AmCSDP-OCS,经农杆菌介导转入本氏烟中。对转基因T1代和野生型烟草进行4℃低温胁迫处理,结果证实转基因本氏烟比野生型的耐冷能力强。     

Lycopene protects primary mouse cerebrocortical neurons against t-BHP-induced damage in vitro

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of lycopene on primary mouse cerebrocortical neurons exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and its mechanisms of in vitro.METHODS: Primary cerebrocortical neurons of newborn C57 mice were extracted and divided into normal group, t-BHP group, lycopene+t-BHP group and lycopene group. The neuronal damage was induced by t-BHP exposure for 24 h, and the cell viability was examined by MTT assay. ROS content was measured by flow cytometry, and the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome C were examined by Western blot.RESULTS: The primary mouse cortical neurons expressed MAP-2 protein. Lycopene at concentration of 4 μmol/L reversed the decrease in cell viability. Flow cytometry revealed that lycopene treatment attenuated ROS content under the condition of t-BHP exposure. In addition, the protein level of Bcl-2 was increased, and the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome-C was suppressed in lycopene+t-BHP group.CONCLUSION: The protective effect of lycopene on cortical neurons with t-BHP-induced injury may be involved in the mechanism of neuronal antioxidative response by down-regulating caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.     

Protective effects of taurine on LPS-induced myocardial damage in rats

AIM: To investigate the effects of taurine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial damage in rats. METHODS: Healthy male SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into control group (CON), LPS model group (LPS) and taurine treatment group (TAU). The rats in CON group and LPS group were intravenously injected with normal saline, and the rats in TAU group were injected with taurine (100 mg/kg). After 2 h, the rats in LPS group and TAU group were intraperitoneally injected with LPS at 10 mg/kg, and the rats in CON group were injected with normal saline. Six hours after injection of LPS, the blood samples were collected for determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. The myocardial tissues were processed for histological examination and the analysis of Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with CON group, LPS significantly reduced SOD activity in the serum and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression in the myocardial tissues, increased the serum content of MDA and levels of TNF-α and IL-6. LPS also significantly elevated the levels of TNF-α and IL-6, and up-regulated the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the myocardial tissues. Taurine pretreatment significantly elevated SOD activity and HO-1 protein expression level, decreased the levels of COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6 and phosphorylated NF-κB. Histological observation showed that taurine reduced inflammatory response in the myocardial tissue. CONCLUSION: Taurine attenuates LPS-induced myocardial damage in rats. The beneficial effects of taurine may be associated with its reduction of p-NF-κB/COX-2 signaling by activation of HO-1/CO.     

Celecoxib inhibits viability,induces apoptosis and inhibits autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines HL-60 and HL-60A

AIM: To investigate the effects of celecoxib on viability, apoptosis and autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines HL-60 and HL-60A. METHODS: The HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells were cultured with various concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L) of celecoxib. The inhibitory effect of celecoxib on the cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin-V/PI staining. Apoptosis-related and autophagy-related proteins were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: IC₅₀ of celecoxib were 49.4 μmol/L, 32.0 μmol/L and 25.1 μmol/L for HL-60 cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. For HL-60A cells, the corresponding IC₅₀ were 69.1 μmol/L, 42.5 μmol/L and 29.6 μmol/L, respectively. The results of flow cytometry analysis showed the proportions of Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI^-, Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI⁺ and Annexin-Ⅴ^-PI⁺ cells were increased in the HL-60 cells, and those of Annexin-Ⅴ⁺PI^- and Annexin-Ⅴ⁺ PI⁺ cells were increased in the HL-60A cells treated with celecoxib for 24 h. After treated with celecoxib, the induction of apoptosis was observed, the apoptosis-related proteins cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP were upregulated, the autophagy-related proteins LC3 II and P62 were both increased, and mTOR, p-mTOR, 4-EBP and p-4-EBP were not changed, indicating that celecoxib inhibited autophagy in the AML cells without the mTOR pathway involvement. CONCLUSION: Celecoxib inhibits the viability of HL-60 cells and HL-60A cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner by its effects of inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Celecoxib inhibits mTOR-independent autophagy in AML cells, indicating a possible way of using celecoxib for enhancing the antitumor activity of therapeutic agents to induce cytoprotective autophagy in the AML cells.     

北京市园林绿化树种蒸腾耗水特性分析

以白皮松、侧柏、桧柏和沙地柏为试材,采用盆栽称重方法,研究了水汽压亏缺与叶片气孔导度对苗木蒸腾耗水的影响,以期测得苗木的蒸腾耗水特性。结果表明:在土壤水分充足的情况下,苗木的水分利用率总体呈下降趋势,苗木日平均水分利用率表现为白皮松(3.01μmol·mmol~(-1))侧柏(2.62μmol·mmol~(-1))沙地柏(2.57μmol·mmol~(-1))桧柏(2.35μmol·mmol~(-1))。3种典型天气中,苗木蒸腾耗水为晴天半晴天阴天。苗木昼夜蒸腾耗水排序为白皮松(0.030g·cm-2·d~(-1))沙地柏(0.026g·cm-2·d~(-1))侧柏(0.018g·cm-2·d~(-1))桧柏(0.008g·cm-2·d~(-1))。苗木的蒸腾耗水与水汽压亏缺、叶片气孔导度呈正相关关系,受其影响最大的是白皮松。研究结果可为科学评价园林绿化树种耗水状况、提高园林绿地水分利用率提供参考依据。     

保护地小果型西瓜品种比较试验

以漯河市场上大面积种植的小果型西瓜品种为试材,进行了保护地栽培试验,分析其生物学特性,筛选出适易漯河市设施栽培的小果型西瓜品种。结果表明:"朝霞""全美2K"的产量突出,比"黄小玉"(CK)增产了28.8%、26.0%,达差异极显著水平(P0.05)。"朝霞""全美2K""玲珑瓜之宝"的中心糖含量和边糖含量均超过对照,其中"全美2K"的中心糖含量最高,为13.5%。"朝霞""全美2K"的全生育期均比对照长,其中"朝霞"的果实发育天数最短,为35.6d,"全美2K"最长,为39.3d。因此,"朝霞""全美2K"适宜在漯河市大力推广种植。     

苹果树叶片上锈病斑的空间分布特征

苹果树为藏东南地区经济林的主要树种,近年来锈病危害严重。以藏东南地区苹果树为研究对象,基于野外调查,采用扩散系数C、Morisita指数I、Cassie指标Ca、平均拥挤度M*、Lloyd聚块性指标、负二项参数K、Iwao回归分析法、Taylor幂指数方法,研究了藏东南工布自然保护区苹果树叶片上锈病的空间分布格局规律。结果表明:苹果树叶片上锈病斑数量表现为树中部树下部树上部,树西面树东面树北面树南面。锈病斑数量在苹果树叶片上中部占39.33%,其中左中部占19.32%、右中部为20.01%;叶下部占31.53%,其中左下部为15.37%、右下部为16.16%;叶上部占29.14%,其中左上部为14.70%、右上部为14.44%。叶左边占49.39%,右边占50.61%。苹果树叶片上锈病斑主要以10~40个聚集的形式存在。以30≤b40为最多,锈病斑数量占总锈病斑数比率的17.36%。苹果树叶片上锈病斑空间分布呈聚集型,但聚集强度不大,锈病斑个体群大小不是一成不变的,而是随着锈病斑密度的增加而增大,其平均个体群大小为48.42。苹果树叶片上锈病斑的空间格局IwaoM*-m回归模型为M*=0.997 2+5.686 8m(R~2=0.999 9),Taylor幂模型为log(S~2)=0.148 3+1.633 2log m(R~2=0.956 8),2个模型均判定锈病斑在所有密度下均呈聚集分布,随着锈病斑密度增大,聚集强度也增大。     

桂林早熟花椰菜新品种比较试验

以本地品种瑞雪特大为对照,通过对7个花椰菜新品种的物候期、植物学性状、花球性状及产量等指标的鉴定及综合评价,筛选出适合桂林种植的早熟花椰菜品种。试验结果表明,新贵66号、花王60天植株健壮,长势旺盛,口感好,丰产明显,可进一步安排试验,进而示范推广。     

矮化富士苹果树冠不同部位果实品质分析

以矮化富士苹果树为试材,采集不同树冠方位果实,对品质进行测定及分析。研究了苹果矮化栽培模式对不同树冠方位果实品质的影响。以期明确矮化苹果不同树冠方位果实品质性状差异,为进一步改造老果园及优化树体结构提供参考依据。结果表明:外在及内在品质中上部优于下部,东南部优于西北部;大量及微量元素中下部优于上部,水平方向无明显规律。