Physiological and pathological effects of body position changes on experimental acute lung injury in rabbits

AIM: To study the effects of body position on the physiological and pathological changes in an oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) model. METHODS: One control group and three experimental groups were set up in which the rabbits were put on supine, prone and rotation, respectively. The changes of blood pressure, heart rate and partial pressure of arterial oxygen, lung mechanics, cytokines in the course of experiment and pathologic changes were observed. RESULTS: At the end of experiment, heart rate in rotated rabbits was lower than that in prone rabbits ［(176.13±26.55) beats/min vs (217.75±14.44) beats/min, P<0.05］. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen and lung compliance in prone and rotated rabbits were higher than that in supine rabbits ［(157.75±51.19) mmHg and (166.08±37.07) mmHg vs (86.59±23.82) mmHg, (2.75±0.89) mL/cmH2O and (2.63±0.74) mL/cmH2O vs (1.63±0.52) mL/cmH2O, respectively, P<0.05］, but intrapulmonary shunt was just up side down. Airway peak inspiration pressure in rotated rabbits was higher than that in prone group rabbits, ［(19.63±2.45) cmH2O vs (16.00±2.27) cmH2O, P<0.05］. TNF-α in supine and rotated rabbits was higher than that in control rabbits, ［(3.12±0.83 and 2.59±0.79) μg/L vs (1.36±0.34) μg/L］, but it was not the case in prone rabbits. Partial pressure of arterial oxygen was positive correlation to lung compliance and negative correlation to intrapulmonary shunt. Dorsal lung edema was more severe than ventral in group 2, ventral lung edema was more severe than dorsal in group 3 and lung edema was diffused in group 4. CONCLUSIONS: Prone and rotation positions increased lung compliance and decreased intrapulmonary shunt accompanied with oxygenation improvement in ALI model, but prone was safer than rotation position, the former can inhibit the secretion of TNF-α. The distribution of lung edema changed with body position changes.     

梅花鹿幼鹿人工培育技术的研究

本试验首先通过幼鹿日粮调配寻求最佳合理的日粮配合,首次制定出了幼鹿发育阶段精料年供量曲线。通过对幼鹿采用直线培育措施,加强饲养管理,取得了显著的效果。其中日增重提高３５ ％ ,初角茸产量提高了３ 倍,头锯茸产量提高了７７－９ ％ ,创造了历史最高产,幼公鹿出生５ 个月开始产茸,幼母鹿培育至１７ 个月即可参加配种,配种准胎率１００ ％ ,仔鹿成活率达到９２ ％ 。     

“粮油加工工艺学”实训教学改革与实践

以应用型本科院校"粮油加工工艺学"实训教学改革为研究内容,针对食品科学与工程专业学生的特点在实践教学方面提出了一些改进措施,以增强学生的实践动手能力和创新能力,提高教学质量。     

Effect of glycine on body weight and lipid metabolism in mice

AIM: To study the effect of glycine on body weight and lipid metabolism in mice. METHODS: Mice were randomly divided into four groups, control, high-fat diet group (HF), glycine group (Gly), and glycine treatment group (Gly+HF). The mice were fed with normal diet and high-fat diet for 12 days, respectively, and then were treated with glycine solution by intraperitoneal injection. Finally, the serum was collected to measure serum lipid, epididymal fat-pads, pararenal fat-pads and abdominal fat-pads were taken out to weight. Moreover, pathologic changes in liver were observed. RESULTS: The body weight of HF group was obviously lower than that in control; the body weight and adipose tissue content of Gly group were obviously lower than those in control; the body weight and adipose tissue content of Gly+HF group were obviously lower than those in HF group; the levels of TC and TG in Gly group were obviously lower than those in control; there was no statistical difference in serum lipid between Gly+HF and HF groups. In addition, marked hepatic steatosis in HF group, and slight hepatic steatosis in Gly+HF group were found. CONCLUSION: Gly can decrease the body weight and adipose tissue content and serum lipid in normal diet and high-fat diet mice, and it also can prevent hepatic steatosis.     

Correlation of Plant Morphological and Grain Quality Traits with Mineral Element Contents in Yunnan Rice

Correlations between four grain quality, 24 plant morphological traits and eight element contents of 653 accessions from Yunnan rice were analyzed. P, K, Ca and Mg contents of core collection were closely correlated to the most plant morphological and grain quality traits, and there were highly significant correlations （P 〈0.01） among some traits including P content to number of stems and tillers, K content and amylose content, Ca content and plant height, Mg content and protein content. Mn, Zn, Cu and Fe contents of core collection were closely related to a few traits, such as Fe content and gel consistency （-0.1121^＊＊）, Zn content and seed setting rate （-0.1411^＊＊）, Cu content and number of grains per panicle （-0.1398^＊＊）, Mn content and plant height （-0.2492^＊＊）.     

自制包膜复合肥的养分释放特征及其对番茄光合作用的影响

氮肥施用量大,氮素利用效率低一直是困扰我国农业生产的突出问题。如何提高氮肥利用效率、减少因过量施用氮肥而引起的环境污染问题是目前国内外肥料研究的热点问题。通过水培和盆栽试验,研究了几种自制包膜复合肥的氮释放速率及其对番茄光合作用的影响。结果表明:聚合物包膜的复合肥能明显克服未包膜复合肥破裂释放模式的缺点,使养分释放更加平缓;聚合物包膜的膜厚度对肥料的养分释放期起决定性作用,养分初期溶出率随着膜厚度的增加而降低,养分释放期相对延长;增加抑制剂可以明显降低复合肥的氮释放速率。对比盆栽试验表明:随着包膜厚度的增加,番茄叶片的净光合作用、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量明显增加;包膜中加入抑制剂也可以提高番茄叶片的净光合作用、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量,各处理之间呈显著水平,说明对复合肥进行包膜可以降低氮的释放速率,提高番茄叶片的光能利用效率。     

苏打盐碱土种植水稻试验总结

通过试验研究,检验了磷石膏和硫酸铝这两种改良剂的实际效果,证明磷石膏能够有效降低苏打盐碱土的pH值,改善土壤的结构,增加土壤通透性,加快土壤熟化进程,减轻苏打盐碱土对水稻的危害,显著提高水稻产量.总结出一般中轻度苏打盐碱土种植水稻的关键技术,为利用中轻度苏打盐碱土提供了宝贵经验.     

双孢菇漆酶酶学性质及染料脱色初探

对双孢菇漆酶的酶学性质及对染料的脱色性能进行了研究。结果表明:双孢菇漆酶的最佳反应温度和保存温度都是25℃,最佳反应pH和保存pH都是5.0,对大多金属离子不敏感,但Al3+对其有明显抑制作用。对8种工业染料中的4种脱色效果比较明显,其中弱酸艳蓝-RAWL的脱色率达到79%。