青海互助土族民间利用野生植物调查

采用民族植物学和人类学的研究方法,对青海互助土族民间利用野生植物进行了调查.结果表明,与当地土族直接相关的野生植物包括32种,经常食用的有12种.     

不同细度类型细羊毛纤维直径变异研究

共采集150个中国美利奴羊（新疆型）3个细度类型（18 μm以下、18～20 μm及20 μm以上）羊毛样本，分析了沿毛丛长度方向及毛丛内纤维间直径变异。结果表明，不同细度类型羊毛沿毛丛方向纤维直径有相似的变异规律且与饲草料资源的季节性变化吻合，但细度18 μm以下羊毛纤维直径变异最小（P<0.01）；相反地，毛丛内纤维间直径变异随羊毛细度的降低而增大（P<0.01）。     

草业是青海经济开发与生态环境治理的基础

分析了青海经济开发与生态环境失调产生的问题及生态环境失调的主要原因，指出在经济发展中忽视生态环境治理和在生态环境治理上实行重林轻草违背自然规律的失误，草业是青海经济开发与生态环境治理的基础。     

Cardiopulmonary and Analgesic Effects of Epidural Lidocaine, Alfentanil, and Xylazine in Pigs Anesthetized With Isoflurane

To determine cardiopulmonary and analgesic effects of lidocaine, alfentanil, and xylazine in pigs anesthetized with isoflurane, 18 healthy Landrace-Large White pigs were studied (six for each drug). General anesthesia was induced with isoflurane in O₂ and maintained with 1% to 1.2% end-tidal ISO, ensuring presence of a pain response before epidural drug administration. Heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressures (AP), cardiac output (CO), pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), central venous pressure, respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (TV), minute volume (MV), arterial blood gas data, core temperature (CT), and analgesic effects (by pricking the lumbar area and the abdominal wall) were determined at various times (2, 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes) after epidural administration of lidocaine (5 μg/kg), alfentanil (5 μg/kg), or xylazine (0.2 mg/kg), all diluted in NaCl 0.9% to 0.5 mL/kg. Statistical analysis included two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures and the least significant difference test for determining differences among means. A probability level of P <.05 was used. The following results were statistically significant decreases in systolic AP, HR, TV, RR, MV, CT, pH, PaO₂, and TCO₂ and increases in PCWP, PaCO₂, and HCO₃ after LID. After ALF, only CT and HCO₃ decreased. Core temperature and TV decreased after XYL. Lidocaine provided 45 to 60 minutes of analgesia. Alfentanil had no analgesic effects, and xylazine provided 90 minutes of analgesia. The authors conclude that xylazine, when injected epidurally, provides suitable analgesia in isoflurane-anesthetized pigs.     

分子遗传技术在家畜遗传评定中的应用

基于表型信息和谱系信息估计基因加性效应值的种畜遗传评定方法在家畜遗传改良中发挥了很大作用,但因其无法真正了解控制经济性状的遗传本质,影响了家畜遗传改良的进一步进展。分子标记辅助选择可在一定程度上提高种畜遗传评定准确性,但在目前不能精确定位QTL或基因时,其效率受到很大影响。提高种畜遗传评定准确性的最有效途径应是直接利用控制经济性状的基因,后基因组时代的功能基因组研究的快速发展为实现这一目标提供了契机。同时,多个家畜品种基因组测序完成和大量SNP多态性的发现,使得利用覆盖全基因组多态性标记信息的基因组选择方法为家畜遗传评定开拓了又一条途径。     

黄河上游高寒地区建植人工草地引种试验

对8种多年生禾本科牧草品种在黄河上游高寒草地进行人工草地引种试验.结果表明:当年均出苗且生长良好,但种子不能成熟,只能达到拔节期;第2年越冬率达90%以上,无芒雀麦Bromus inermis,垂穗披碱草Elymus mutans,多叶老芒麦E.exceisns,老芒麦E.sibiricus青干草产量均达3 000 kg/hm2以上,冷地早熟禾Poa crymphila,草地早熟禾P.pratensis青干草产量在1 500 kg/hm2左右;种子成熟好的有冷地早熟禾、多叶老芒麦、老芒麦、垂穗披碱草,说明供试的8种多年生禾本科牧草品种在青海省黄河上游海拔3 400 m左右的地区推广种植,效果良好.     

5个日本枇杷品种植物学性状调查及果实品质比较

以大五星枇杷为对照,调查了引种四川的5个日本枇杷品种的植物学性状,测定果实维生素C、总酸、总糖及可溶性固形物等含量。结果表明,引进品种里见和有间综合性状表现最好,除可食率低于大五星外,单株产量与大五星无显著差异,单果重、维生素C、可溶性固形物含量等都高于大五星,适合在四川地区种植。     

玉树州农业机械的基层服务体系建设

文章以阐述加强农机维修服务网点建设的必要性和紧迫性,并就完善其体系建设提出建议,为农机维修业发展提供参考。