农村水环境政策与污染的时空迁移特征及关系

为了揭示农村水污染与政策治理的时空演化关系,在测算政策力度与污染强度的基础上,绘制两指标的重心迁移轨迹,并结合夏普利值分解法确定各省份所属的“政策-污染”类型,进一步采用格兰杰因果检验法深入剖析各类型下政策与污染的因果关系。结果表明：政策与污染的重心均位于我国东南部,但两者的迁移轨迹联动性较差,前者呈现“偏南-偏西-偏北-偏东”的迁移趋势,而后者整体向南迁移;从政策与污染的关系来看,“增长-降低”型省份的污染降低导致政策力度增长,且东、西部省份增长的动因有所不同;“降低-降低”型省份的污染降低会导致政策力度下降,但在具体污染维度上存在政策关注失衡现象;所有“污染增长”型省份在两指标上不存在格兰杰因果关系。建议在未来政策制定中考虑政策与污染结果的联动性,加强政策的精准性、协同性和前瞻性,这将有助于提升政策规制的效率和效果。     

双酶复合水解谷朊粉制备小肽的工艺条件研究

<正>本研究以谷朊粉为原料,采用胰蛋白酶、复合蛋白酶水解谷朊粉蛋白,以水解度[1]、氮溶解指数[2]为评价指标,以反应pH值、加酶量、底物浓度、反应时间、温度为影响水解度大小的主要因素,筛选这两种蛋白酶的单酶和双酶复合的最佳水解条件。     

大豆异黄酮含量与品质性状相关性分析

大豆异黄酮是大豆中的重要成分,具有广泛的营养价值和保健作用。利用高效液相色谱技术（HPLC）检测了黑龙江省野生和栽培大豆252份种质资源的总异黄酮、大豆苷、染料木苷含量,同时检测了蛋白质和脂肪含量,分析了大豆异黄酮与大豆主要品质性状的相关性。结果表明：不同类型大豆种质异黄酮含量存在明显差异;大豆总异黄酮含量与蛋白质含量呈极显著负相关,与蛋白质和脂肪总含量也呈极显著负相关,与脂肪含量呈不明显正相关。     

The effect of glucocorticoid receptor on level of inflammatory media in rats after critical scald

AIM:To further elaborate the effect of glucocorticoid receptor(GR) decrease on level of inflammatory media in rats after critical scald.METHOD:The changes of phospholipase A₂(PLA₂) activity and concentrations of tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNFα) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the product of lipid peroxidation metabolism in plasma and tissue homogenate have been studied in scalded rats with or without GR blockade by RU38486.RESULTS:The PLA₂ activity and the concentrations of TNFα and MDA in plasma and homogenate of pulmonary and renal tissue in scalded rats were significantly higher than those in the controls(P＜0.01) and further increased in scalded rats accompanied with GR blockade (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: Blockade of GR might aggravate the increase of inflammatory mediator caused by scalding. It suggested that GR might potentiate anti-inflammation in scald.     

Cardiac L-type calcium channel and its alterations in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure

There are two type of cardiac calcium channel current, both are inward current: (1) L-type Ca²⁺channel current (I_ca-L), plays a major role in determining myocyte action potential plateau characteristics as well as initiating the myocyte excitation-contraction coupling; (2) T-type Ca²⁺ channel current (I_ca-T), probably plays an important role in pacemaker activity. The alterations of L-type calcium channel abundance and function in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure are determined by the the species difference, especially by the stage of the disease process and the degree of the disease. Both abundance and function of L-type calcium channel decrease in severe hypertrophy and heart failure.     

Adhesion of bone marrow stromal cell in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

AIM and METHOD: The adhesion behavior of bone marrow stromal cells(BMSC) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) to bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMC) and Raji cells were investigated by MTT method. The expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The adhesion ability of BMSC in acute period of ALL to BMMC was lower than that of control group. The adhesion ability of BMSC in long term remission period of ALL to Raji cells higher than that of control group. The expression of ICAM-1 on the surface of BMSC in acute period of ALL is much lower than that of control group. CONCLUSIONS: The adhesion of BMSC to BMMC or tumor cells in children with ALL was abnormal. The abnormal adhesion behavior might be partially due to the changed expression of adhesion molecules on BMSC.     

薄壁封闭环磨削回弹的建模与数值研究

提出了卡环制造过程中磨削回弹的计算模型。根据卡环的精度和啮合力要求,设计了特殊制造工艺。考虑弯曲残余应力,对磨削工序进行力学分析,提出了磨削回弹弯矩、磨削回弹后搭叠长度和啮合力变化的计算模型;开发了卡环制造辅助工艺系统——Shuttle,对卡环磨削工序进行了模拟,并结合实验讨论了磨削前后曲率半径、啮合力和搭叠长度随余量的变化规律。研究表明：随着磨削余量的增加,试样磨削前的啮合力增加,而磨削回弹后的啮合力呈下降趋势;试样磨削前后的搭叠长度均呈下降趋势,并且试样截面惯性矩越大,磨削回弹后试样的搭叠长度下降速度越慢;在各工序阶段,试样的曲率半径有不同程度的增加。     

间作对咖啡和澳洲坚果根系形态、分布及养分累积的影响

为探明澳洲坚果与咖啡间作对地上部生长及地下部互作效应,为生产推广复合高效栽培模式提供理论依据,布置了咖啡和澳洲坚果间作盆栽实验,以二者分别单作为对照,分析植株的生长量、生物量、养分含量、根系形态以及土壤养分的差异.结果表明:(1)间作咖啡和间作澳洲坚果根干重、茎干重、单株总干重分别为40.86、50.38、148.34...     

入侵害虫芒果壮铗普瘿蚊对5种芒果挥发物的电生理反应和行为选择

芒果壮铗普瘿蚊（Procontarinia robusta）是我国外来危险性入侵害虫,坚硬的瘿壳导致药剂防治困难。植食性昆虫主要通过触角接收植物挥发物选择寄主,本研究采用触角电位联用仪（EAG）和“Y”型嗅觉仪观察瘿蚊成虫对芒果叶片挥发物成分（α-蒎烯、3-莰烯、α-石竹烯、异松油烯、乙酸乙酯）的电生理反应和行为选择,结果显示：EAG反应值大小排序依次为α-蒎烯>3-莰烯>α-石竹烯>异松油烯>乙酸乙酯,α-蒎烯处理组显著高于其他挥发物。虽然雌虫对于α-蒎烯、3-莰烯、α-石竹烯3种物质的EAG反应值比雄虫的高,但是雌雄之间对同一挥发物差异不显著（P<0.05）。行为选择结果显示：对瘿蚊吸引率高低依次为：3-莰烯>乙酸乙酯>α-石竹烯>α-蒎烯>异松油烯;3-莰烯对瘿蚊的吸引率最高,达到74.20%,显著高于α-蒎烯和异松油烯,乙酸乙酯吸引率次之,达到66.07%;异松油酯的趋避性最高,达到74.25%,显著高于其他挥发物。实验中也显示浓度阈值现象,α-蒎烯在浓度0.5 mL/L和1 mL/L浓度范围内有显著的趋避效果,在高于或低于此范围内的其他浓度引诱率和趋避率差异不显著。α-石竹烯高浓度（1.0 mL/L and 2.0 mL/L）对芒果壮铗普瘿蚊有显著引诱作用,3-莰烯和α-石竹烯处理组随着浓度的升高对瘿蚊的引诱率增加。研究结果为阐释瘿蚊入侵机理提供理论依据,为开发引诱剂或趋避剂提供技术支撑。     

感官分析技术及其在乳制品中的应用

随着感官分析技术的不断发展和日趋成熟,其在食品领域中的应用越来越广泛和深入。近年来,随着对食品安全的重视以及消费水平的不断提高,感官品质逐渐成为影响产品质量和消费者购买意愿的重要指标。在乳制品行业,有越来越多的感官分析方法及研究导入,为乳制品的发展提供了重要技术支撑。本文主要介绍了感官分析技术的研究进展及常用方法,并对感官分析技术及其在乳制品中的应用进行了综述,对其未来发展进行了展望,为感官分析技术在乳制品中的应用提供理论依据。