臭氧水防治草莓二斑叶螨的效果评价

臭氧水具有强氧化性,能有效杀灭环境中的病菌和害虫。本研究采用草莓上的二斑叶螨体表观察和田间防效试验评价了臭氧水对二斑叶螨的防治效果。试验结果显示,4.0-4.5 mg·L-1和1.0-1.5 mg·L-1的臭氧水均能够显著降低二斑叶螨的虫口密度,防效高达95.46%和91.28%,且显著提升二斑叶螨的死亡率,但臭氧水浓度过高会抑制草莓植株的生长,破坏草莓的叶片。通过对二斑叶螨体表的观察发现,利用臭氧水的强氧化性,有效破坏了二斑叶螨的体表组织,因此在二斑叶螨发生期连续使用臭氧水可以有效控制螨的为害。本研究综合防效和安全性评价表明,1.0-1.5 mg·L-1的臭氧水对二斑叶螨具有良好的防效,对草莓和授粉的蜜蜂也具有安全性,为二斑叶螨的防治提供了一种理想的方式,具有较高推广价值。     

卡利比克迈耶氏酵母对水果采后病害的抑制及对展青霉素的降解机制

为了明确拮抗酵母卡利比克迈耶氏酵母Meyerozyma caribbica对果实采后病害的抑制效果及其对毒素的降解机制, 本文研究了卡利比克迈耶氏酵母结合辅助因子褐藻寡糖(alginate oligosaccharide, AOS), 对草莓、梨、苹果、番茄的青霉病、灰霉病和黑斑病的抑制效果, 以及拮抗酵母不同处理液对展青霉素(patulin, PAT)体外降解的机制。结果表明, 浓度为1×108 cfu/mL的M. caribbica可有效抑制草莓、梨、苹果青霉病, 草莓、番茄、葡萄灰霉病以及番茄、梨、葡萄黑斑病的发生, 添加5 g/L的AOS能显著增强M. caribbica的抑制效果; M. caribbica发酵液可以有效降解苹果伤口处的PAT, 处理后8 d其降解率为30.35%, 经AOS诱导后, 其对PAT的降解效率达到39.15%。体外条件下, 接种M. caribbica后27 h可将10 μg/mL的PAT完全降解; M. caribbica主要是通过活细胞代谢降解PAT, 同时AOS可显著增加M. caribbica 的降解能力, 说明卡利比克迈耶氏酵母是一株生防潜力较好的菌株, 本研究为该生防菌株的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

基于PLC的蟹笼渔船诱饵填盒与塞笼自动化流水线方案设计

蟹笼渔船诱捕饵料在使用过程需要经过破冰分离、切块、填盒、塞笼等工序,效率低、劳动强度大.为提升蟹笼渔船的生产效率,需要实现饵料使用自动化.提出了一种实现饵料使用自动化的流水线生产方案,并通过Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 5.0进行流水线的结构设计建模与原理分析,采用GX works3基于三菱FX5U系列P...     

基于土地利用结构的河流岸带生态系统服务簇识别

河流岸带生态系统服务功能的有效发挥是河流生态系统稳定且健康的重要保障之一。为识别河流岸带土地利用与生态服务价值的空间结构,本文从河流岸带保护角度选取水资源保护、净化环境、水文调节、土壤保持、维持养分循环、生物多样性六项生态服务功能,基于遥感影像解译的土地利用数据,运用修正的当量因子法估算得到生态服务价值的空间分布规律,进而进行层次聚类分析识别河流岸带生态服务簇,并应用于太湖流域湖西区溧阳市县级河流——竹箦河作为实例研究。结果表明：（1）竹箦河河流岸带六项生态服务价值呈现出显著的空间异质性和聚集性。（2）竹箦河河流岸带可划分为五大类生态服务簇,分别为水源涵养型、绿色多元型、经济生态型、生态脆弱型以及耗水污染型。（3）各类服务簇的生态系统服务特点与空间布局分异明显,与岸带实际土地利用结构相协调,揭示了竹箦河河流岸带生态服务功能普遍较薄弱的现状。本文的研究结果可为竹箦河及类似平原地区骨干河流岸带功能区划分以及河流岸带生态保护与修复方案的制定提供理论参考。     

日本朝仓花椒硬枝扦插育苗试验

以1 a生朝仓花椒组织培养苗的休眠枝为试材,就不同基质、生长素种类及浓度对插穗生根的效果进行了研究,结果表明:不同生长素种类及浓度对促进朝仓花椒生根有明显的效果,以600mg/LGGR处理插穗生根效果最佳,生根率达70.3%,蛭石是较好的扦插基质。     

5份武夷山乌龙茶种质资源的评价筛选

[目的]筛选适合武夷山地区种植的乌龙茶种质资源,为该地区茶树种质资源的利用和推广提供参考依据.[方法]在福建省武夷山进行乌龙茶品种区域试验,对比分析参试5份乌龙茶种质资源(品系8、品系9、品系10、品系11和品系12)的物候期、发芽密度、鲜叶产量、生化成分、感官品质和抗性.[结果]品系9的采摘期较早,品系10和品系12的采摘期居中,品系11的采摘期较晚,品系8的采摘期特晚,说明供试5份乌龙茶种质资源的物候期呈现梯度,茶采摘期呈合理分布状态.品系9和品系11在2015—2017年的平均发芽密度分别比CK增加7.79%和6.56%,而其他种质资源低于CK,品系9和品系11的平均鲜叶产量分别比CK增加3.53%和20.46%,其他种质资源的平均鲜叶产量均明显低于CK;5个品系的水浸出物含量分别为46.89%、47.81%、48.08%、48.22%和49.09%,均极显著高于CK(P<0.01).综合来看品系9和品质11表现较佳;品系9香气表现最好,评分为27.0;品系10的感官品质最佳,为91.1,比CK高4.7.品系9和品系11的抗寒性均优于CK,抗旱性二者均为强;品系11的抗虫性高于CK,品系9抗虫性为中抗,综合抗逆性指标以品系11表现最优.[结论]品系9和品系11乌龙茶种质资源适合在武夷山地区及生态类似地区推广种植.     

浅谈人文关怀视域下的高校学生资助工作

农村贫困大学生群体是社会上的弱势群体,也是一个特殊的群体。本文从人文关怀的角度 出发,分析人文关怀在高校资助工作中的重要性,呈现高校学生资助工作中存在的主要问题,并提出 具有针对性的对策,以进一步完善高校资助工作。     

二氯喹啉酸降解菌嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性

二氯喹啉酸被广泛用于稻田除草,其残留易对后茬作物烟草的生长造成危害。本课题组前期从福建烟区植烟土壤中分离获得的嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌Stenotrophomonas maltophilia菌株J03对烟草二氯喹啉酸药害具有较好修复作用。为明确该菌株生长特性及其对烟草和水稻的安全性,本研究测定了J03菌株对烟草和水稻种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,同时测定了环境因子温度和酸碱度对J03菌株生长的影响。结果表明:经J03菌株处理的烟草和水稻种子,发芽率分别大于80%和95%,与空白对照无显著差异。J03菌株处理的烟苗株高、叶片数和地上部鲜重分别为2.82 cm、6.4片和6.08 g,均显著高于空白对照,其他生长参数与对照无显著差异;J03菌株处理的水稻幼苗的株高和叶面积与空白对照相比均无显著差异。J03菌株在4~40℃内均可生长,但最适生长温度为30~37℃;在pH值为5.0~9.0的LB培养基中均可生长,但最适生长pH值为6.0~8.0。综合研究表明,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌菌株J03对烟草和水稻生长安全,且其在田间的适合度较高。     

Minimally modified low-density lipoprotein up-regulates endothelin receptors in mouse mesenteric artery through p38 MAPK pathway

AIMTo investigate whether minimally modified low-density lipoprotein (mmLDL) affects the quantity and activity of endothelin （ET） type A (ET_A) and type B (ET_B) receptors in mouse mesenteric artery by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inflammatory pathway. METHODSThe KM mice were divided into normal saline (NS) group (injection of NS via caudal vein), mmLDL group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein), LDL group (injection of LDL via caudal vein), mmLDL+SB 203580 group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein and intraperitoneal injection of p38 MAPK pathway specific inhibitor SB 203580) and mmLDL+DMSO group (injection of mmLDL via caudal vein and intraperitoneal injection of DMSO). Mesenteric artery ring segment vasoconstriction dose-response curves affected by sarafotoxin 6c (S6c) and ET-1 were recorded by the myography system. The mRNA levels of ET_B receptor, ET_A receptor and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by RT-qPCR. The protein levels of ET_B receptor, ET_A receptor, IL-6, p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK, NF-κB and p-NF-κB were determined by Western blot. The serum concentration of IL-6 was measured by ELISA. RESULTSThe contractile responses of the blood vessel segments to S6c and ET-1 were significantly increased by mmLDL (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of ET_A receptor, ET_B receptor, and IL-6 significantly increased (P<0.01). The protein levels of p-p38 MAPK and p-NF-κB were significantly increased (P<0.01). The serum level of IL-6 was significantly increased (P<0.01). These effects of mmLDL were inhibited by p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 203580. CONCLUSION mmLDL increses the serum concentration of IL-6, up-regulates the expression of IL-6, ET_A receptor and ET_B receptor in mouse mesenteric artery, and enhances the vasoconstriction function medi?ated by ET_A and ET_B receptors, which is related to the activation of p38 MAPK inflammatory pathway and downstream NF-κB pathway.     

Effects of apelin-13 on oxidative stress induced by high uric acid in adipocytes

AIM: To study the effects of apelin-13 on oxidative stress induced by high uric acid in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS: 3T3-L1 adipocytes were stimulated with uric acid at 10 mg/dL for 48 h. Some of the adipocytes were administered with 1 μmol/L apelin-13 in the presence of uric acid at 10 mg/dL. The adipocytes stimulated with 100 μmol/L H₂O₂ were served as positive controls. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations were detected by flow cytometry. The biochemical kits were used to measure the activities of superotide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the cell lysate and the supernatant. The mRNA levels of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components, including angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzyrne1 (ACE1), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and AT2R, as well as angiotensin II receptor -like 1 (APJ) were measured by real-time PCR. The concentrations of angiotensin II (AngⅡ) in the cell lysate and the supernatant were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Adipocytes stimulated with uric acid at 10 mg/dL had lower activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX and CAT) and higher levels of NOX activity and MDA content (P < 0.05). Accordingly, the intracellular ROS levels were found to be dramatically increased. However, apelin-13 administration attenuated uric acid-induced oxidative stress in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Uric acid at 10 mg/dL upregulated the mRNA expression of local RAS, enhanced AngⅡ concentrations both in the cell lysate and the supernatant, and down-regulated the mRNA level of APJ in the adipocytes (P < 0.05). Conversely, apelin-13 partially reversed these parameters. CONCLUSION: Apelin-13 attenuates oxidative stress induced by uric acid, may be via down-regulation of local RAS expression in the 3T3-L1 adipocytes.