四种常用草坪草的水分蒸散与补偿规律的研究

通过调控灌水量,采用蒸散仪法对南京地区四种常用的草坪草的水分蒸散和水分补偿规律进行了研究.研究结果表明,(1)在正常供水条件下,冷地型草坪草(凌志高羊茅、匍匐剪股颖) 的蒸散量普遍高于暖地型草坪草(普通狗牙根、日本结缕草)的蒸散量;在限量供水条件下,蒸散量受土壤水分条件的限制;(2) 温度、水气压的变化与草坪草的蒸散量呈显著的正相关,大气因子对草坪草的蒸散具有显著的影响;不同留茬高度对草坪草的蒸散具有显著的影响,一般在留茬4cm时蒸散量最低.合理的水分补偿应结合气象因子与修剪高度进行;(3)在8～10月,四种草坪草的补水量为凌志高羊茅8.9～216.5mm,匍匐剪股颖79～158.2mm,普通狗牙根116.0mm,日本结缕草107.4mm;(4)草坪草具较大的节水空间,只要灌溉合理就可以避免耗水过多问题.     

Research on the Antioxident Function of Sulforaphane on the Leydig Cells of Cadmium Exposured Mice

The study was aimed to explore the antioxident function of sulforaphane (SFN) on the leydig cells of cadmium (Cd) exposured mice.Cd and SFN were added to the cell culture medium of TM3 cell, half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of Cd and SFN safe dose range were determined.The tested model was set up,and the relative survival rate of TM3 cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and cell antioxidant levels were determined to study the antioxident function of SFN to cadmium exposured mice.The results showed that:①With the increase of Cd concentration,the relative survival rate of TM3 cells was decreased,and the IC₅₀ of Cd was 51.4 μmol/L;Within a certain concentration range,SFN could increased the cells survive rate,but there was toxicity when the SFN concentration was more than the scope,and the greater the concentration,the greater the toxicity. At experimental condition,SFN safety concentration were 2.5,5 and 10 μmol/L.②Compared with the control group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities in Cd group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),and the LDH activity,the MDA content were increased.Additionally,the LDH activity and MDA content of SFN groups were decreased,while others three indexes were increased. Compared with Cd group,the GSH content,the T-SOD and GSH-Px activities of Cd+SFN groups were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01),however,the LDH activity,MDA content were decreased. The result indicated that SFN had the antagonism effect on toxicity of Cd in TM3 cell.     

Survey and Analysis of Common Diseases of Laboratory Monkeys in Kunming Area

Survey and analysis of common diseases of laboratory monkeys are great significance to understand disease epidemiology, and formulate a set of scientific and reasonable measures for prevention and control disease, to improve the quantity and quality of laboratory monkeys, to ensure the accuracy of the animal experiment results. Through the investigation of the sick and dead animals of a large-scale laboratory monkeys breeding facility in Kunming area in 2014, the animals were classified depends on the main diseases, and the diseases were classified according to adult and juvenile animals, data were analyzed by Excel Office 2010 software. The results showed the common diseases of laboratory monkeys included the digestive system, respiratory system, trauma, reproductive system, and locomotor system disease, which were 47.45%, 13.06%, 12.10%, 11.46% and 8.92% separately; Common diseases included diarrhoea, soft tissue injuries, abortion, lobar pneumonia, dysentery, arthritis, intestinal pneumatosis, chronic colitis, and extreme bad nutrition, the ratio were 18.47%, 11.15%, 8.91%, 8.28%, 8.28%, 7.96%, 5.10%, 5.10% and 5.09% separately. Comprehensive analysis of common diseases and disease occurrence causes of the laboratory monkeys, suggesting that providing better quality laboratory monkeys for scientific research only by constantly improving the scientific breeding management level, constantly strengthening veterinary capacity, mastering the theoretical knowledge and scientific diagnosis method.     

白羊草叶片和根系干旱胁迫下microRNAs差异表达分析

为了探索干旱胁迫下白羊草miRNAs的组织特异性,本研究在干旱胁迫下白羊草（Bothriochloa ischaemum）转录组数据的基础上,采用Illumina测序技术和生物信息学方法,对干旱胁迫和正常生长条件下白羊草苗期叶片和根系miRNAs（microRNAs）进行鉴定和表达分析研究。结果从4个库中鉴定出白羊草中有属于20个家族的79个已知miRNAs和92个新miRNAs。干旱胁迫后叶片和根系中差异表达的miRNAs分别有65个（上调28和下调37）和27个（上调15和下调12）。响应干旱胁迫的主要miRNAs为miR156,miR164,miR166,miR169,miR172,miR396,miR398,miR408,miR528。对这些miRNAs预测的靶基因进行GO生物功能和KEGG代谢通路富集分析表明,植物激素信号转导是叶片和根系响应干旱胁迫共同富集的主要代谢通路,而黄酮类化合物生物合成则是干旱胁迫下叶片富集的最主要代谢通路。     

2018年进口奶牛检疫情况分析

随着十多年的超速发展,我国奶牛业已由单一品种的散养方式逐步转变为高产品种的规模化、集约化养殖方式。然而,我国奶牛整体遗传素质不高,多为进口高产奶牛与地方奶牛的低代次改良品种,以致原奶质量参差不齐,严重制约了我国奶业的健康发展。因此,大规模引进高品质的奶牛品种,已成为我国优化奶牛基因、推动畜牧业产业化发展的重要抓手,但同时也为检疫工作带来了挑战。本文通过分析2018年我国进口奶牛数量、来源国、疫病检出、进境口岸及隔离检疫场分布等数据,结合各来源国的疫病防控特点,有针对性地提出检疫要点,为我国全面提升进口奶牛的检疫水平、切实做好奶牛群体遗传改良计划、加快推进畜牧业转型升级提供参考。     

我国茸鹿育种研究进展及现代茸鹿育种探讨

综述了我国茸鹿育种自 1 958年始至今历经 42年 3个阶段 ,成绩显著 ,取得了令世界瞩目的成就     

牛能量需要量测定方法研究进展

能量是牛日粮的第一限制性养分,确定牛能量需要量是合理配制牛饲料、提高饲料利用效率的重要前提。牛能量需要量的测定方法主要有饲养试验、消化代谢试验、呼吸测热法及比较屠宰法等,论文对上述方法进行了简要综述,为合理进行牛能量需要量评定提供参考。     

鸡的输尿管引出手术

本试验使用５只成年母鸡,采用８４６合剂全身麻醉,伏卧或卧保定,进行输尿管引出手术,手术分两步进行,最后使输尿管开口从泄殖腔壁上游离出来,固定并暴露于尾下肛门上方的体表。试验结果表明,手术对我明显不良影响,术后鸡正常采食和产蛋,能长期饲养并分别采集单纯的尿液和粪便,可作为一种有用的试验动物模型。