借鉴农机合作社模式探讨内地节水滴灌技术推广应用

文章通过探讨目前在内地开展的农机合作社模式,包括其组建模式、运行管理方式及其作用和优势,提出了在内地推广应用节水滴灌技术的模式,为节水滴灌技术的大面积推广应用提供借鉴。     

科技进步对山西食品工业支撑作用研究

食品工业已成为世界第一大产业,销售额居各行业之首。而食品工业与农业、自然联系密切。随着人们对食品要求的提高,科学技术在食品工业中的应用越来越广泛。从科技支撑食品工业发展的角度,陈述当前山西省食品企业的现状,分析了食品工业发展中存在的主要问题,提出强化科技对企业支撑作用的政策建议。     

水流对杂交鲟幼鱼游泳行为的影响

在26℃水温下,使用特制的鱼类游泳行为测定装置研究了杂交鲟(Huso duricusGeorgi♂×Acipenser schrenc-kiBrandt♀)幼鱼在0 m/s、0.1 m/s、0.3 m/s、0.5 m/s 4种流速条件下的游泳行为。结果显示:杂交鲟幼鱼随着流速的增加趋流率增大,且在90min内趋流率达到100%所需的时间明显缩短。实过过程中0.3 m/s和0.5 m/s两组摆尾频率都高于0.1 m/s和静水组,但在各个时段内,摆尾频率与趋流率均没有显著的相关。杂交鲟幼鱼的游泳状态明显受到所处流速的影响:0.1 m/s流速下以逆流前进为主,约占时间比例56.3%;0.3 m/s流速下以逆流静止为主,约占时间比例58.1%;0.5 m/s流速下以逆流后退为主,约占时间比例80.7%。在逆流前进和逆流静止两种游泳状态下,杂交鲟幼鱼的游泳速度和摆尾频率呈线性相关。但在逆流后退和顺流而下两种状态下,两者之间却没有显著的相关,且此两种状态下其游泳速度和摆尾频率随流速增加的变化趋势也不一致。     

Genetic Analysis and Mapping of Dominant Minute Grain Gene Mi3（t） in Rice

Grain size, determined chiefly by grain length, is one of the main factors affecting the grain yield in rice production. To study the trait of rice grain size, F1 and F2 populations were developed from crosses Shuhui 881/Y34 and Shuhui 527/Y34, and genetic analysis for minute grain was performed. The F1 populations showed minute grains, and grain size segregations in the two F2 populations were both in accordance with the ratio of 3：1, indicating that minute grain in Y34 was controlled by a completely dominant gene. By using the F2 population from Shuhui 881/Y34, this dominant gene, tentatively designated as Mi3（t）, was mapped based on SSR markers in the interval between RM282 （genetic distance of 5.1 cM） and RM6283 （genetic distance of 0.9 cM） on the short arm of chromosome 3.     

吉林地区露地樱桃番茄品种比较试验

选择4个樱桃番茄品种通过露地栽培进行品种比较试验,以了解不同樱桃番茄品种在吉林地区的产量、品质等特征特性,从中筛选出适合吉林地区种植的最佳樱桃番茄品种。结果表明：红圣女品种的产量最高,品质最佳,商品性最好,适合吉林地区栽培。     

2009年江西省主推早稻品种穗瘟抗性的评估

利用稻瘟病菌8个强致病力单孢菌株,测定了2009年江西省主推早稻品种离体穗颈节段对稻瘟病的抗性。结果表明,株两优02对穗瘟的抗性最好,平均病级为0.13,测定为抗病品种;株两优09、T优898、金优463与淦鑫203的平均病级分别为1.25、1.63、2.88和3.00,中抗稻瘟病;陆两优996、春光1号和金优71的平均病级分别为3.88、4.13、4.75,中感稻瘟病;先农37与金优458的平均病级分别为5.25、6.0,测定为感病品种;对照品种丽江新团黑谷发病最重,其病级为8.50,属于高感稻瘟病品种。上述结果的准确性需要在今后特别是2010年的农业生产中验证。     

广东甘薯疮痂病病原菌鉴定

[目的]明确广东甘薯疮痂病的病原菌种类及生物学和系统发育学特征,为甘薯疮痂病防治及抗病育种提供参考.[方法]从广东省茂名和湛江等甘薯产区采集甘薯疮痂病植株,采用分生孢子悬液梯度稀释分离法分离病原菌,通过病原菌的形态特征观察、致病力测定,结合核糖体内转录间隔区(ITS)、28S核糖体RNA(LSU)、RNA聚合酶II第二大亚基(rpb2)和翻译延伸因子1-α(TEF1)部分序列的多核苷酸序列系统学分析等方法对病原菌进行鉴定.[结果]共分离获得26株单分生孢子分离物,随机选取3株代表性菌株SPEb-1、SPEb-2和SPEb-3进行观察和测定.光学显微镜下观察发现,3株代表性菌株的产孢细胞透明,内生芽殖;分生孢子单细胞,透明,短棒形,两侧顶端钝圆,大小为6.1~9.0μm×2.2~3.0μm;分生孢子梗短棒状;致病性人工接种表明,3株代表性菌株均可侵染甘薯引起典型的疮痂病症状.3株代表菌株的ITS、LSU、rpb2和TEF1序列与痂囊腔菌属(Elsino?)的E.ampelina、E.bidentis、E.arachidis、E.mimosae、E.ricini和E.sesseae等多个种的对应序列一致性为95%~99%.系统发育进化树分析结果显示,3株代表性菌株与蓖麻痂囊腔菌(E.ricini)单独聚成一支.[结论]广东甘薯疮痂病的病原菌为甘薯痂囊腔菌(E.batatas).     

新型农村绿色建筑的构建与能耗分析

为了利用可再生能源满足农民燃气、生活热水和冬季采暖等多层次用能需求,结合农民冬季生活习惯,构建了集成太阳能恒温沼气池系统、低温辐射床等供能系统的30 m2农村绿色建筑.研究了冬季不同环境温度下绿色建筑的能量收支平衡及其经济性,研究结果表明:该绿色建筑能够利用农村可再生能源满足农民燃气、生活热水和冬季采暖的用能需求,环境温度为-20℃时室内温度高于15℃;与传统砖混结构的农村建筑相比,新型农村绿色建筑年节约标准煤2.8吨,节省费用3275元,增加的系统投资回报期为3.9年.     

Effects of platelet-activating factor on cultured neurons and astrocytes

AIM: To observe the effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) on cultured neuronal viability and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in cultured astrocytes. METHODS: Neurons and astrocytes obtained from the brain cortex of the embryo and newborn mice respectively were cultured and purified, and they were divided into the control and experimental groups. PAF was added into the experimental groups at concentrations of 4, 8 and 16 μmol/L. Each group was cultured for 4 h, 24 h and 72 h, respectively. MTT method and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the neuronal viability and GFAP expression in astrocytes, respectively. RESULTS: During different time after adding PAF at different concentrations into cultured neurons and astrocytes, respectively, neuronal viability declined, and the number of astrocytes decreased, but GFAP expression in survival astrocytes increased. The effects were shown to be in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: PAF decreases the neuronal viability directly and influences the neuronal survival indirectly by astrocytes.