基于MATLAB实现模糊神经网络模型在企业水环境中的应用

指出了水质评价是进行水环境容量计算和实施水污染控制规划的重要基础。应用模糊神经网络原理，以某企业污水处理站的检验数据为依据，选择3个评价参数，使用MATLAB函数工具箱编程，建立了T—S模型，经过仿真得出评价结果，研究表明：该方法能正确评价水质的样本，具有较好地客观性和预测性。     

泗水桃树生长期间的气象灾害分析与防御措施

泗水桃树生长发育历时萌芽期、开花期、果实膨大期、果实成熟期四个重要的物候期,经历春、夏、秋三个季节,期间也恰是各种气象灾害的频发期。根据泗水县1970～2010年气象资料,分析了不同气象要素对桃树各个生长期的影响,以及不同气象灾害对桃树危害。有针对性地提出了预防气象灾害的措施。     

Influence of soil factors on the soil enzyme inhibition by Cd

A comparative study was conducted on the toxicity of Cd to alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) in 18 top soils with contrasting soil properties representative of 14 major soil types in China. Soil pH and carbonate content, soil organic matter, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) largely affected the Cd toxicity on two enzyme activities; with the soil pH having only minor effect on the median ecological dose values based on total Cd concentrations (ED_{50 T}). The values of ED_{50 T}/ED_{50 W} (based on water-soluble Cd content) of alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase were strongly influenced by pH and CEC contents, which explained up to 71% of the variation for alkaline phosphatase, 82% of the variation for dehydrogenase, and also were significantly correlated with the parameter K_F derived from Freundlich adsorption isotherms. This study suggests that the values of ED_{50 T}/ED_{50 W} could be useful to evaluate the buffer capacity of soils which protects soil enzymes from harmful effects of heavy metal.     

杆件局部失稳对钢桁架拱桥整体稳定性的影响

以某城市钢桁架拱桥为研究对象,采用板单元、梁单元、桁架单元等模拟整体有限元模型,分析钢桁架拱桥局部杆件弹塑性稳定性的特征值;通过改变风撑、斜撑、拱肋、吊杆数量及拱肋的刚度和矢跨比等参数,分析成桥状态下局部稳定性对钢桁架拱桥整体稳定性的影响.结果表明:①经计算结构的失稳临界值,杆件局部失稳是钢桁架拱桥失稳的主要影响因素,局部杆件受力能较好地反映结构稳定性承载力.②增加风撑结构的数量可以显著提高结构的稳定性;但当风撑数量足够时,继续增加风撑结构的数量,结构的稳定性并不能得到很大的提高;斜撑的设置对整体稳定性有很大的影响,特别是"K"和"X"斜撑对结构稳定性的影响非常显著.③风撑和拱肋刚度变化对结构的稳定性影响较为显著,吊杆刚度变化对结构的稳定性影响不大.④当矢跨比为1.0/4.0～1.0/5.0时,失稳位置出现在风撑位置;矢跨比为1.0/5.5～1.0/6.0时,失稳位置出现在拱肋弦杆位置;矢跨比主要通过影响局部位置杆件的受力状态影响结构整体的稳定性.     

露温露时和施氮量对稻瘟菌侵染的多元影响及其建模

 在人工气候室条件下研究了露温(DT),露时(DP),和施氮量(N)对稻瘟菌侵染的综合影响。发现这三个因子及其互作对侵染均有明显的作用,在供试条件和范围内,其作用大小为DP > DT > N > DP×DT > DT×N > DP×N > DP×DT×N。并得出了侵染的适合条件范围。本文首次在稻瘟侵染的研究中应用了侵染几率的概念,组建了侵染几率因气象和栽培因子而变的预测式。     

稻瘟菌水平抗性稳定性的研究——品种与小种适合度的分析

在温室条件下,对9个无垂直抗性基因粳稻品种×8个日本标准稻瘟菌株组合测定了侵染几率(IP)、病斑型比例(PB)、病斑扩展速率(LR)和产孢能力(SPC)组分,并据此确定了品种与小种的适合度。方差分析结果表明,除SPC的互作项外,其它组分及类型,方差均达到显著或极显著水平。但品种和小种主效应所占方差更大,从而证实了品种的抗性类型为水平抗性。某些品种在IP、PB及LR组分上反映了小种的专化作用,但因为不同品种在各组分上的抗性反应不同,因此,品种水平抗性的稳定性不能由组分的小种专化作用确定,而须由各组分组成的适合度的小种专化性确定。对品种X小种的适合度进行了互作的多重比较,未发现专化性互作,说明供试品种的水平抗性是稳定的。     

两株气单胞菌的分离与鉴定

从福建省某牛蛙养殖场病死牛蛙和某鸭场病死鸭体内分离到两株细菌，检验结果表明，两株分离菌均为有运动力的革兰氏阴性杆菌。根据其临床症状、细菌培养特性、生化特性、动物回归试验以及溶血试验等一系列试验，研究证明牛蛙感染的病原为嗜水气单胞菌，鸭感染的病原为温和气单胞菌。     

Induction of APOBEC3G ubiquitination and degradation by an HIV-1 Vif-Cul5-SCF complex

Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) Vif is essential for viral evasion of host antiviral factor CEM15/APOBEC3G. We report that Vif interacts with cellular proteins Cul5, elongins B and C, and Rbx1 to form an Skp1-cullin-F-box (SCF)-like complex. The ability of Vif to suppress antiviral activity of APOBEC3G was specifically dependent on Cul5-SCF function, allowing Vif to interact with APOBEC3G and induce its ubiquitination and degradation. A Vif mutant that interacted with APOBEC3G but not with Cul5-SCF was functionally inactive. The Cul5-SCF was also required for Vif function in distantly related simian immunodeficiency virus mac. These results indicate that the conserved Cul5-SCF pathway used by Vif is a potential target for antiviral development.     

“十一五”我国饲料业发展的战略转变

2006年7月26—27日,农业部在山东济南召开了全国饲料工作会议。会议总结了“十五”期间我国饲料业取得的成绩,分析了饲料业发展面临的形势与任务,明确了“十一五”饲料业的发展战略,部署了“十一五”政府的工作重点。本文即对此次会议要点进行了概括总结,以期引导读者了解相关政策并在今后工作中把握宏观方向,有所裨益。     

Nitrogen balance in barrows fed low-protein diets supplemented with essential amino acids

This study was conducted to determine the effect of addition of essential amino acids (EAA) to low-protein diets on N balance in barrows. Thirty barrows (Duroc × Yorkshire) with an initial BW of 36 kg were fed 5 corn- and soybean meal-based diets containing 13.6 to 18.2% crude protein (CP) for 10 d in a randomized complete block design. The 18.2% CP diet was formulated without addition of EAA (Lys, Met or Thr). The other diets contained 13.6 to 16.5% CP and were supplemented with EAA to provide 0.83% true digestible lysine equal to that in the 18.2% CP diet. Fecal, urinary, and total N excretion as well as N retention (g/d) decreased with decreasing dietary CP level (P < 0.01). The apparent digestibility of N was almost the same for the 18.2 and 16.5 CP diets, but the value was 2% higher (P = 0.07) than that for the 13.6% CP diet. These findings indicate that, compared with the 18.2% CP diets, supplementation with three EAA to the lowest-protein diets (13.6 CP) is inadequate for maximum intestinal protein digestion, amino acid absorption, or tissue protein deposition in growing barrows.