Potential of auxotrophic Edwardsiella tarda double-knockout mutant as a delivery vector for DNA vaccine in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

To evaluate potential of an auxotrophic Edwardsiella tarda mutant (Δalr Δasd E. tarda) as a delivery vehicle for DNA vaccine in fish, olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were immunized with the E. tarda mutant harboring plasmids (pG02-ASD-CMV-eGFP) for eukaryotic expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) gene through either intraperitoneal (i.p.) or oral route, and the expression of eGFP in the internal organs and generation of antibody against eGFP in fish were analyzed. In fish i.p. injected with 2×10(7)CFU/fish of Δalr Δasd E. tarda harboring pG02-ASD-CMV-eGFP, expression of eGFP was detected in liver, kidney, and spleen from 1 day to 28 days post-injection. In fish orally administered with 1×10(9)CFU/fish of the bacteria, the eGFP band was detected in liver, kidney, and spleen from 1 day to 14 days post-administration, whereas, in intestine, the band was detected only at 1 day post-administration. Either oral or i.p. immunization of olive flounder with recombinant E. tarda that carried eGFP-expressing eukaryotic plasmids was successful to induce humoral adaptive immunity against not only E. tarda that was used as a delivery vehicle but also eGFP that was used as the reporter protein of DNA vaccine, suggesting attenuated E. tarda-vectored DNA vaccine has a potential to be used as a combined vaccine against infectious diseases in fish.     

益生素雏鸡新城疫疫苗免疫后局部黏膜组织T淋巴细胞数量变化

100只艾维因雏鸡随机分成益生素组、新城疫(ND)疫苗免疫组、益生素ND疫苗组和对照组,采用组织石蜡切片及酸性a-醋酸萘酯酶(acid nonspecifica-naphthyl acetate esterase,ANAE)染色法分别测定ND疫苗首次免疫后第0、7、14、28天和第42天各组雏鸡盲肠扁桃体、哈德尔氏腺、十二指肠和回肠派伊尔结T淋巴细胞数量的动态变化,结果发现:益生素ND疫苗免疫雏鸡,ND疫苗单独免疫雏鸡上述免疫组织T淋巴细胞数量于ND疫苗免疫后14d明显高于未免疫的对照雏鸡和益生素雏鸡;益生素ND疫苗免疫雏鸡又不同程度高于ND疫苗单独免疫雏鸡;益生素单独应用雏鸡上述被检指标高于对照雏鸡.表明益生素可增强雏鸡消化道和呼吸道局部黏膜组织的细胞免疫及对ND疫苗的免疫应答.     

Corn distillers dried grains with solubles in diets for growing-finishing pigs: a cooperative study

An experiment involving 560 crossbred pigs (28 replications of 4 to 6 pigs per pen) was conducted at 9 research stations to assess the effects of dietary concentrations of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on pig performance and belly firmness. Fortified corn-soybean meal diets containing 0, 15, 30, or 45% DDGS were fed in 3 phases from 33 to 121 kg of BW. A common source of DDGS containing 90.1% DM, 26.3% CP, 0.96% Lys, 0.18% Trp, 9.4% crude fat, 34.6% NDF, 0.03% Ca, and 0.86% P was used at each station. Diets were formulated to contain 0.83, 0.70, and 0.58% standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys during the 3 phases with diets changed at 60 and 91 kg of BW, respectively. The DDGS replaced corn and soybean meal, and up to 0.172% Lys and 0.041% Trp were added to maintain constant SID concentrations of Lys and Trp in each phase. At each station, 2 pigs from each pen in 2 replications were killed and a midline backfat core was obtained for fatty acid analysis and iodine value. In most instances, there were differences among stations (P < 0.01), but the station × treatment interactions were few. Body weight gain was linearly reduced in pigs fed the greater amounts of DDGS (0 to 45%) during phase I (950, 964, 921, and 920 g/d; P < 0.01) and over the entire experimental period (944, 953, 924, and 915 g/d; P = 0.03), but ADFI (2.73, 2.76, 2.68, and 2.70 kg) and G:F (347, 347, 345, and 341 g/kg) were not affected (P = 0.15 and P = 0.33, respectively) during the entire test. Backfat depth was reduced (linear, P < 0.02) by increasing amounts of DDGS (22.5, 22.7, 21.4, and 21.6 mm), but LM area (47.4, 47.4, 46.1, and 45.4 cm(2)) was not affected (P = 0.16) by treatments. Estimated carcass fat-free lean was 51.9, 52.2, 52.4, and 52.1% for 0 to 45% DDGS, respectively (linear, P = 0.06). Flex measures obtained at 6 stations indicated less firm bellies as dietary DDGS increased (lateral flex: 11.9, 8.6, 8.4, and 6.6 cm; linear, P < 0.001; vertical flex: 26.1, 27.4, 28.2, and 28.7 cm; linear, P < 0.003). Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations in subcutaneous fat decreased linearly (P < 0.001) and PUFA concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing DDGS in the diet. Iodine values in inner (61.1, 68.2, 74.7, and 82.2) and outer (67.9, 73.6, 79.6, and 85.8) backfat increased linearly (P < 0.001) as DDGS in the diet increased. In this study, feeding diets with 30 or 45% DDGS did not have major effects on growth performance, but resulted in softer bellies. Regression analysis indicated that iodine values increased 4.3 units for every 10 percentage unit inclusion of DDGS in the diet.     

蓝舌病病毒衣壳蛋白VP2、VP5、VP7酵母双杂交诱饵质粒的构建及鉴定

蓝舌病病毒(bluetongue virus,BTV)的结构主要由3层衣壳蛋白组成,其中VP2、VP5蛋白构成了BTV的外层衣壳,VP7蛋白构成了BTV的中间衣壳,最内层衣壳则由VP3蛋白构成。VP2、VP5及VP7蛋白在BTV侵染宿主细胞的过程中起着非常重要的作用。为了研究BTV与宿主细胞相互作用的分子机制,本研究将BTV的VP 2、VP 5、VP 7基因分别克隆到pGBKT7载体中,成功构建了pGBKT7-VP2、pGBKT7-VP5与pGBKT7-VP73个诱饵质粒,且通过自激活和毒性验证,证明所构建的3个质粒均无自激活作用,对酵母细胞无毒性作用。本研究为今后利用酵母双杂交筛选VP2、VP5、VP7蛋白中与宿主细胞相互作用的蛋白做好了铺垫,为深入研究BTV与宿主细胞的相互作用奠定了基础。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒强弱毒株嵌合感染性克隆的构建及鉴定

查明猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)致病性大幅增高的机制,进而研制用于防治流行PRRSV变异株的高效疫苗无疑是兽医工作者的当务之急.在弱毒株APRRS的全长感染性克隆pAPRRS以及我室构建的高致病性HP PRRSV感染性克隆pJX143的基础上,构建了nsp2替换的强弱毒PRRSV嵌合感染性克隆.将构建的嵌合克隆转染MA104,4d后观察到典型的CPE.通过RT-PCR和免疫荧光证明获得了一系列强弱毒株之间的嵌合病毒.这些嵌合病毒的构建成功和相应反向遗传操作平台的建立及应用,为研发预防HP PRRSV的高效嵌合疫苗奠定了基础.该类嵌合感染性cDNA克隆也为解析目前流行的HP PRRSV毒力因子和高致病力机制奠定了基础.     

Primary central nervous system B-cell lymphoma in a young dog

This report describes a primary central nervous system B-cell lymphoma in a 3-year-old intact female Maltese dog. Canine primary central nervous system lymphomas constitute about 4% of all intracranial primary neoplasms, but comprehensive histopathologic classifications have rarely been carried out. This is the first report of this disease in a young adult dog.     

荒漠草原不同利用条件下短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物的对比

在不同利用条件下(休牧40d、休牧50d、休牧60d、自由放牧、禁牧)对荒漠草原短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物进行了动态监测,并采用最优母序列关联分析探讨了荒漠草原不同利用条件下短花针茅贮藏性碳水化合物的年度内及年际间的差异,结果表明:试验期年度内和年际间不同利用条件下短花针茅还原糖含量波动均较大;休牧40d短花针茅总糖含量较高,休牧60d次之,休牧50d短花针茅总糖含量较低,但还原糖含量较高;还原糖与总糖比值的变化较还原糖含量、总糖含量稳定;休牧50d有利于短花针茅植物种群生长发育和种群繁衍.     

依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症骨组织病理变化的影响

本试验选用200只24周龄健康海蓝褐蛋鸡,随机分为4组:对照组(基础日粮中含钙3.55%)、低钙组(日粮含钙1.27%)、试验Ⅰ组(8mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮)和试验Ⅱ组(20mg依普黄酮/kg低钙日粮),观察依普黄酮对笼养蛋鸡骨质疏松症骨组织病理变化的影响。结果显示,与低钙组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组骨髓腔面积分别显著下降7.81%(P0.05)和10.26%(P0.05),骨皮质平均厚度分别显著升高23.78(P0.05)和27.60(P0.05),并且骨小梁增厚、变密,骨陷窝变浅,成骨细胞增多,破骨细胞减少。结果表明,低钙日粮中添加依普黄酮能显著改善蛋鸡骨质疏松症的临床症状,与其促进成骨细胞生成,抑制破骨细胞活性,使其骨量增加,骨结构得到改善密切相关。